pre_circ.miz
begin
scheme ::
PRE_CIRC:sch1
FraenkelFinIm { A() ->
finite non
empty
set , F(
set) ->
set , P[
set] } :
{ F(x) where x be
Element of A() : P[x] } is
finite;
set B = { F(x) where x be
Element of A() : x
in A() };
A1: { F(x) where x be
Element of A() : P[x] }
c= B
proof
let a be
object;
assume a
in { F(x) where x be
Element of A() : P[x] };
then ex b be
Element of A() st F(b)
= a & P[b];
hence thesis;
end;
A2: A() is
finite;
B is
finite from
FRAENKEL:sch 21(
A2);
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
begin
::$Canceled
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:2
for I be
set, MSS be
ManySortedSet of I holds ((MSS
# )
. (
<*> I))
=
{
{} }
proof
let I be
set, MSS be
ManySortedSet of I;
reconsider eI = (
<*> I) as
Element of (I
* ) by
FINSEQ_1: 49;
thus ((MSS
# )
. (
<*> I))
= (
product (MSS
* eI)) by
FINSEQ_2:def 5
.=
{
{} } by
CARD_3: 10;
end;
reserve i,j,x,y for
object,
f,g for
Function;
scheme ::
PRE_CIRC:sch2
MSSLambda2Part { I() ->
set , P[
object], F,G(
object) ->
object } :
ex f be
ManySortedSet of I() st for i be
Element of I() st i
in I() holds (P[i] implies (f
. i)
= F(i)) & ( not P[i] implies (f
. i)
= G(i));
defpred
Q[
object,
object] means (P[$1] implies $2
= F($1)) & ( not P[$1] implies $2
= G($1));
A1:
now
let i be
object such that i
in I();
thus ex j be
object st
Q[i, j]
proof
per cases ;
suppose
A2: P[i];
take F(i);
thus thesis by
A2;
end;
suppose
A3: not P[i];
take G(i);
thus thesis by
A3;
end;
end;
end;
consider f be
ManySortedSet of I() such that
A4: for i be
object st i
in I() holds
Q[i, (f
. i)] from
PBOOLE:sch 3(
A1);
take f;
thus thesis by
A4;
end;
registration
let I be
set;
cluster
non-empty
finite-yielding for
ManySortedSet of I;
existence
proof
reconsider f = (I
-->
{
{} }) as
Function;
reconsider f as
ManySortedSet of I;
take f;
thus f is
non-empty;
thus f is
finite-yielding by
FUNCOP_1: 7;
end;
end
registration
let I be
set, M be
ManySortedSet of I, A be
Subset of I;
cluster (M
| A) ->
total;
coherence
proof
set B = (M
| A);
(
dom B)
= ((
dom M)
/\ A) & (
dom M)
= I by
PARTFUN1:def 2,
RELAT_1: 61;
then (
dom B)
= A by
XBOOLE_1: 28;
hence thesis by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
end;
end
registration
let I be
set, M be
ManySortedSet of I, A be
Subset of I;
cluster (M
| A) ->
total;
coherence ;
end
registration
let M be
non-empty
Function, A be
set;
cluster (M
| A) ->
non-empty;
coherence
proof
(
rng (M
| A))
c= (
rng M) by
RELAT_1: 70;
hence not
{}
in (
rng (M
| A)) by
RELAT_1:def 9;
end;
end
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:3
Th2: for I be non
empty
set, B be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I holds (
union (
rng B)) is non
empty
proof
let I be non
empty
set, B be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I;
set i = the
Element of I;
i
in I;
then i
in (
dom B) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then (B
. i)
in (
rng B) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
ORDERS_1: 6;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:4
Th3: for I be
set holds (
uncurry (I
-->
{} ))
=
{}
proof
let I be
set;
per cases ;
suppose I
=
{} ;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_5: 43;
end;
suppose I
<>
{} ;
then (
rng (I
-->
{} ))
=
{
{} } by
FUNCOP_1: 8
.= (
Funcs (
{} qua
set,
{} qua
set)) by
FUNCT_5: 57;
then (
dom (
uncurry (I
-->
{} )))
=
[:(
dom (I
-->
{} )),
{} :] by
FUNCT_5: 26
.=
{} by
ZFMISC_1: 90;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:5
for I be non
empty
set, A be
set, B be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I, F be
ManySortedFunction of (I
--> A) qua
totalI
-defined
Function, B holds (
dom (
commute F))
= A
proof
let I be non
empty
set, A be
set, B be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I, F be
ManySortedFunction of (I
--> A), B;
A1: (
dom B)
= I by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
A2: (
dom F)
= I by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
per cases ;
suppose
A3: A is
empty;
(
rng F)
c=
{
{} }
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
rng F);
then
consider i be
object such that
A4: i
in I & x
= (F
. i) by
A2,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
((I
--> A)
. i)
= A & x is
Function of ((I
--> A)
. i), (B
. i) by
A4,
FUNCOP_1: 7,
PBOOLE:def 15;
then x
=
{} by
A3;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
then (
rng F)
=
{
{} } by
ZFMISC_1: 33;
then
A5: F
= (I
-->
{} ) by
A2,
FUNCOP_1: 9;
(
commute F)
= (
curry' (
uncurry F)) by
FUNCT_6:def 10
.=
{} by
A5,
Th3,
FUNCT_5: 42;
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
suppose
A6: A is non
empty;
(
rng F)
c= (
Funcs (A,(
union (
rng B))))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
rng F);
then
consider i be
object such that
A7: i
in (
dom F) and
A8: x
= (F
. i) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
((I
--> A)
. i)
= A by
A2,
A7,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
then
reconsider x9 = x as
Function of A, (B
. i) by
A2,
A7,
A8,
PBOOLE:def 15;
(B
. i)
in (
rng B) by
A1,
A2,
A7,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
then (
rng x9)
c= (B
. i) & (B
. i)
c= (
union (
rng B)) by
RELAT_1:def 19,
ZFMISC_1: 74;
then
A9: (
rng x9)
c= (
union (
rng B));
(
dom x9)
= A by
A2,
A7,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
hence thesis by
A9,
FUNCT_2:def 2;
end;
then F
in (
Funcs (I,(
Funcs (A,(
union (
rng B)))))) by
A2,
FUNCT_2:def 2;
then (
commute F)
in (
Funcs (A,(
Funcs (I,(
union (
rng B)))))) by
A6,
FUNCT_6: 55;
then
A10: (
commute F) is
Function of A, (
Funcs (I,(
union (
rng B)))) by
FUNCT_2: 66;
(
union (
rng B)) is non
empty by
Th2;
then (
Funcs (I,(
union (
rng B)))) is non
empty by
FUNCT_2: 8;
hence thesis by
A10,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
end;
end;
scheme ::
PRE_CIRC:sch3
LambdaRecCorrD { D() -> non
empty
set , A() ->
Element of D() , F(
Nat,
Element of D()) ->
Element of D() } :
(ex f be
sequence of D() st (f
.
0 )
= A() & for i be
Nat holds (f
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.)) & for f1,f2 be
sequence of D() st ((f1
.
0 )
= A() & for i be
Nat holds (f1
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.)) & ((f2
.
0 )
= A() & for i be
Nat holds (f2
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.)) holds f1
= f2;
thus ex f be
sequence of D() st (f
.
0 )
= A() & for i be
Nat holds (f
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.) from
NAT_1:sch 12;
let f1,f2 be
sequence of D() such that
A1: (f1
.
0 )
= A() and
A2: for i be
Nat holds (f1
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.) and
A3: (f2
.
0 )
= A() and
A4: for i be
Nat holds (f2
. (i
+ 1))
= F(i,.);
thus f1
= f2 from
NAT_1:sch 16(
A1,
A2,
A3,
A4);
end;
scheme ::
PRE_CIRC:sch4
LambdaMSFD { J() -> non
empty
set , I() ->
Subset of J() , A,B() ->
ManySortedSet of I() , F(
object) ->
set } :
ex f be
ManySortedFunction of A(), B() st for i be
Element of J() st i
in I() holds (f
. i)
= F(i)
provided
A1: for i be
Element of J() st i
in I() holds F(i) is
Function of (A()
. i), (B()
. i);
consider f be
ManySortedSet of I() such that
A2: for i be
object st i
in I() holds (f
. i)
= F(i) from
PBOOLE:sch 4;
f is
Function-yielding
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in (
dom f);
then
A3: i
in I() by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then F(i) is
Function by
A1;
hence thesis by
A2,
A3;
end;
then
reconsider f as
ManySortedFunction of I();
f is
ManySortedFunction of A(), B()
proof
let i;
assume
A4: i
in I();
then F(i) is
Function of (A()
. i), (B()
. i) by
A1;
hence thesis by
A2,
A4;
end;
then
reconsider f as
ManySortedFunction of A(), B();
take f;
thus thesis by
A2;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:6
for I be
set, f be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I, g be
Function, s be
Element of (
product f) st (
dom g)
c= (
dom f) & for x be
set st x
in (
dom g) holds (g
. x)
in (f
. x) holds (s
+* g) is
Element of (
product f)
proof
let I be
set, f be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of I, g be
Function, s be
Element of (
product f);
assume that
A1: (
dom g)
c= (
dom f) and
A2: for x be
set st x
in (
dom g) holds (g
. x)
in (f
. x);
A3:
now
let x be
object;
assume
A4: x
in (
dom f);
per cases ;
suppose
A5: x
in (
dom g);
then ((s
+* g)
. x)
= (g
. x) by
FUNCT_4: 13;
hence ((s
+* g)
. x)
in (f
. x) by
A2,
A5;
end;
suppose
A6: not x
in (
dom g);
A7: ex g9 be
Function st s
= g9 & (
dom g9)
= (
dom f) & for x be
object st x
in (
dom f) holds (g9
. x)
in (f
. x) by
CARD_3:def 5;
((s
+* g)
. x)
= (s
. x) by
A6,
FUNCT_4: 11;
hence ((s
+* g)
. x)
in (f
. x) by
A4,
A7;
end;
end;
(
dom (s
+* g))
= ((
dom s)
\/ (
dom g)) & (
dom s)
= (
dom f) by
CARD_3: 9,
FUNCT_4:def 1;
then (
dom (s
+* g))
= (
dom f) by
A1,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
hence thesis by
A3,
CARD_3: 9;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:7
for A,B be non
empty
set, C be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of A, InpFs be
ManySortedFunction of (A
--> B), C, b be
Element of B holds ex c be
ManySortedSet of A st c
= ((
commute InpFs)
. b) & c
in C
proof
let A,B be non
empty
set, C be
non-empty
ManySortedSet of A, InpFs be
ManySortedFunction of (A
--> B), C, b be
Element of B;
A1: (
dom InpFs)
= A by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
(
dom (
uncurry InpFs))
=
[:A, B:]
proof
thus (
dom (
uncurry InpFs))
c=
[:A, B:]
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in (
dom (
uncurry InpFs));
then
consider x, g, y such that
A2: i
=
[x, y] and
A3: x
in (
dom InpFs) and
A4: g
= (InpFs
. x) and
A5: y
in (
dom g) by
FUNCT_5:def 2;
g is
Function of ((A
--> B)
. x), (C
. x) by
A1,
A3,
A4,
PBOOLE:def 15;
then (
dom g)
= ((A
--> B)
. x) by
A1,
A3,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then (
dom g)
= B by
A1,
A3,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A3,
A5,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
end;
let i1,i2 be
object;
reconsider g = (InpFs
. (
[i1, i2]
`1 )) as
Function;
assume
A6:
[i1, i2]
in
[:A, B:];
then
A7: (
[i1, i2]
`1 )
in (
dom InpFs) by
A1,
MCART_1: 10;
g is
Function of ((A
--> B)
. (
[i1, i2]
`1 )), (C
. (
[i1, i2]
`1 )) by
A6,
MCART_1: 10,
PBOOLE:def 15;
then (
dom g)
= ((A
--> B)
. (
[i1, i2]
`1 )) by
A1,
A7,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then (
dom g)
= B by
A6,
FUNCOP_1: 7,
MCART_1: 10;
then
A8: (
[i1, i2]
`2 )
in (
dom g) by
A6,
MCART_1: 10;
thus thesis by
A7,
A8,
FUNCT_5: 38;
end;
then
A9: (
commute InpFs)
= (
curry' (
uncurry InpFs)) & ex g be
Function st ((
curry' (
uncurry InpFs))
. b)
= g & (
dom g)
= A & (
rng g)
c= (
rng (
uncurry InpFs)) & for i st i
in A holds (g
. i)
= ((
uncurry InpFs)
. (i,b)) by
FUNCT_5: 32,
FUNCT_6:def 10;
then
reconsider c = ((
commute InpFs)
. b) as
ManySortedSet of A by
PARTFUN1:def 2,
RELAT_1:def 18;
take c;
thus c
= ((
commute InpFs)
. b);
let i be
object;
reconsider h = (InpFs
. i) as
Function;
assume
A10: i
in A;
then ((A
--> B)
. i)
= B by
FUNCOP_1: 7;
then
A11: h is
Function of B, (C
. i) by
A10,
PBOOLE:def 15;
then
A12: (
dom h)
= B by
A10,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
(c
. i)
= ((
uncurry InpFs)
. (i,b)) by
A9,
A10
.= (h
. b) by
A1,
A10,
A12,
FUNCT_5: 38;
hence thesis by
A10,
A11,
FUNCT_2: 5;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:8
for n be
Nat, a be
set holds (
product (n
|->
{a}))
=
{(n
|-> a)}
proof
let n be
Nat, a be
set;
now
let i be
object;
hereby
assume i
in (
product (n
|->
{a}));
then
consider g be
Function such that
A1: i
= g and
A2: (
dom g)
= (
dom (n
|->
{a})) and
A3: for x be
object st x
in (
dom (n
|->
{a})) holds (g
. x)
in ((n
|->
{a})
. x) by
CARD_3:def 5;
A4: (
dom g)
= (
Seg n) by
A2;
now
let x be
object;
assume
A5: x
in (
dom g);
then (g
. x)
in ((n
|->
{a})
. x) by
A2,
A3;
then (g
. x)
in
{a} by
A4,
A5,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
hence (g
. x)
= a by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
hence i
= (n
|-> a) by
A1,
A4,
FUNCOP_1: 11;
end;
assume
A6: i
= (n
|-> a);
then
reconsider g = i as
Function;
A7:
now
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
dom (n
|->
{a}));
then x
in (
Seg n);
then (g
. x)
= a & ((n
|->
{a})
. x)
=
{a} by
A6,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
hence (g
. x)
in ((n
|->
{a})
. x) by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
(
dom g)
= (
Seg n) by
A6
.= (
dom (n
|->
{a}));
hence i
in (
product (n
|->
{a})) by
A7,
CARD_3: 9;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
begin
reserve T,T1 for
finite
Tree,
t,p for
Element of T,
t1 for
Element of T1;
registration
let D be non
empty
set;
cluster ->
finite for
Element of (
FinTrees D);
coherence
proof
let t be
Element of (
FinTrees D);
(
dom t) is
finite;
hence thesis by
FINSET_1: 10;
end;
end
registration
let T be
finite
DecoratedTree;
let t be
Element of (
dom T);
cluster (T
| t) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
(
dom (T
| t))
= ((
dom T)
| t) by
TREES_2:def 10;
hence thesis by
FINSET_1: 10;
end;
end
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:9
Th8: ((T
| p),{ t : p
is_a_prefix_of t })
are_equipotent
proof
set X = { t : p
is_a_prefix_of t };
deffunc
F(
Element of (T
| p)) = (p
^ $1);
consider f be
Function such that
A1: (
dom f)
= (T
| p) and
A2: for n be
Element of (T
| p) holds (f
. n)
=
F(n) from
FUNCT_1:sch 4;
take f;
thus f is
one-to-one
proof
let x,y be
object such that
A3: x
in (
dom f) & y
in (
dom f) and
A4: (f
. x)
= (f
. y);
reconsider m = x, n = y as
Element of (T
| p) by
A1,
A3;
(p
^ m)
= (f
. n) by
A2,
A4
.= (p
^ n) by
A2;
hence thesis by
FINSEQ_1: 33;
end;
thus (
dom f)
= (T
| p) by
A1;
thus (
rng f)
c= X
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in (
rng f);
then
consider n be
object such that
A5: n
in (
dom f) and
A6: i
= (f
. n) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of (T
| p) by
A1,
A5;
reconsider t = (p
^ n) as
Element of T by
TREES_1:def 6;
(f
. n)
= (p
^ n) & p
is_a_prefix_of t by
A2,
TREES_1: 1;
hence thesis by
A6;
end;
let i be
object;
assume i
in X;
then
A7: ex t be
Element of T st i
= t & p
is_a_prefix_of t;
then
consider n be
FinSequence such that
A8: i
= (p
^ n) by
TREES_1: 1;
n is
FinSequence of
NAT by
A7,
A8,
FINSEQ_1: 36;
then
reconsider n as
Element of (T
| p) by
A7,
A8,
TREES_1:def 6;
i
= (f
. n) by
A2,
A8;
hence thesis by
A1,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
registration
let T be
finite
DecoratedTree-like
Function;
let t be
Element of (
dom T);
let T1 be
finite
DecoratedTree;
cluster (T
with-replacement (t,T1)) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
(
dom (T
with-replacement (t,T1)))
= ((
dom T)
with-replacement (t,(
dom T1))) by
TREES_2:def 11;
hence thesis by
FINSET_1: 10;
end;
end
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:10
Th9: (T
with-replacement (p,T1))
= ({ t : not p
is_a_prefix_of t }
\/ the set of all (p
^ t1))
proof
defpred
P2[
set] means not contradiction;
defpred
P1[
set] means $1
= $1;
deffunc
F(
FinSequence) = (p
^ $1);
set A = { t : not p
is_a_proper_prefix_of t }, B = {
F(t1) :
P1[t1] }, C = { t : not p
is_a_prefix_of t }, D = {
F(t1) :
P2[t1] };
now
let x be
object;
hereby
assume x
in A;
then
consider t such that
A1: x
= t and
A2: not p
is_a_proper_prefix_of t;
not p
is_a_prefix_of t or t
= p by
A2;
hence x
in C or x
in
{p} by
A1,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
assume x
in C or x
in
{p};
then x
= p or ex t st t
= x & not p
is_a_prefix_of t by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
consider t such that
A3: t
= x and
A4: t
= p or not p
is_a_prefix_of t;
not p
is_a_proper_prefix_of t by
A4;
hence x
in A by
A3;
end;
then
A5: A
= (C
\/
{p}) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
{} is
Element of T1 & (p
^
{} )
= p by
FINSEQ_1: 34,
TREES_1: 22;
then
A6: p
in D;
thus (T
with-replacement (p,T1))
= ((C
\/
{p})
\/ D) by
A5,
TREES_1: 32
.= (C
\/ (
{p}
\/ D)) by
XBOOLE_1: 4
.= (C
\/ D) by
A6,
ZFMISC_1: 40;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:11
Th10: for f be
FinSequence of
NAT st f
in (T
with-replacement (p,T1)) & p
is_a_prefix_of f holds ex t1 st f
= (p
^ t1)
proof
let f be
FinSequence of
NAT such that
A1: f
in (T
with-replacement (p,T1)) and
A2: p
is_a_prefix_of f;
A3: not f
in { t : not p
is_a_prefix_of t }
proof
assume f
in { t : not p
is_a_prefix_of t };
then ex t st f
= t & not p
is_a_prefix_of t;
hence contradiction by
A2;
end;
(T
with-replacement (p,T1))
= ({ t : not p
is_a_prefix_of t }
\/ the set of all (p
^ t1)) by
Th9;
then f
in the set of all (p
^ t1) by
A1,
A3,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:12
Th11: for p be
Tree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Element of
NAT st (k
+ 1)
in (
dom p) holds ((
tree p)
|
<*k*>)
= (p
. (k
+ 1))
proof
let p be
Tree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Element of
NAT ;
assume (k
+ 1)
in (
dom p);
then (k
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then k
< (
len p) by
NAT_1: 13;
hence thesis by
TREES_3: 49;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:13
for q be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Nat st (k
+ 1)
in (
dom q) holds
<*k*>
in (
tree (
doms q))
proof
let q be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Nat;
A1: k
< (k
+ 1) by
XREAL_1: 29;
A2: (
dom q)
= (
Seg (
len q)) & (
Seg (
len (
doms q)))
= (
dom (
doms q)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
assume
A3: (k
+ 1)
in (
dom q);
then (k
+ 1)
<= (
len q) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then k
< (
len q) by
A1,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A4: k
< (
len (
doms q)) by
A2,
FINSEQ_1: 6,
TREES_3: 37;
(
dom (
doms q))
= (
dom q) by
TREES_3: 37;
then ((
doms q)
. (k
+ 1)) is
Tree by
A3,
TREES_3: 22;
then
A5:
{}
in ((
doms q)
. (k
+ 1)) by
TREES_1: 22;
<*k*>
= (
<*k*>
^
{} ) by
FINSEQ_1: 34;
hence thesis by
A5,
A4,
TREES_3:def 15;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:14
Th13: for p,q be
Tree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Element of
NAT st (
len p)
= (
len q) & (k
+ 1)
in (
dom p) & for i be
Nat st i
in (
dom p) & i
<> (k
+ 1) holds (p
. i)
= (q
. i) holds for t be
Tree st (q
. (k
+ 1))
= t holds (
tree q)
= ((
tree p)
with-replacement (
<*k*>,t))
proof
let p,q be
Tree-yielding
FinSequence, k be
Element of
NAT such that
A1: (
len p)
= (
len q) and
A2: (k
+ 1)
in (
dom p) and
A3: for i be
Nat st i
in (
dom p) & i
<> (k
+ 1) holds (p
. i)
= (q
. i);
let t be
Tree;
set o =
<*k*>;
(k
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
A2,
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then
A4: k
< (
len p) by
NAT_1: 13;
assume
A5: (q
. (k
+ 1))
= t;
A6:
now
let s be
FinSequence of
NAT ;
hereby
assume
A7: s
in (
tree q);
per cases by
A7,
TREES_3:def 15;
suppose s
=
{} ;
hence s
in (
tree p) & not o
is_a_proper_prefix_of s or ex r be
FinSequence of
NAT st r
in t & s
= (o
^ r) by
TREES_1: 22;
end;
suppose ex n be
Nat, r be
FinSequence st n
< (
len q) & r
in (q
. (n
+ 1)) & s
= (
<*n*>
^ r);
then
consider n be
Nat, r be
FinSequence such that
A8: n
< (
len q) and
A9: r
in (q
. (n
+ 1)) and
A10: s
= (
<*n*>
^ r);
now
per cases ;
case
A11: n
= k;
reconsider r as
FinSequence of
NAT by
A10,
FINSEQ_1: 36;
take r;
thus r
in t & s
= (o
^ r) by
A5,
A9,
A10,
A11;
end;
case
A12: n
<> k;
1
<= (n
+ 1) & (n
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
A1,
A8,
NAT_1: 11,
NAT_1: 13;
then (n
+ 1)
in (
dom p) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then (q
. (n
+ 1))
= (p
. (n
+ 1)) by
A3,
A12,
XCMPLX_1: 2;
hence s
in (
tree p) by
A1,
A8,
A9,
A10,
TREES_3:def 15;
assume o
is_a_proper_prefix_of s;
then o
is_a_prefix_of s;
then ex s1 be
FinSequence st s
= (o
^ s1) by
TREES_1: 1;
then k
= (s
. 1) by
FINSEQ_1: 41
.= n by
A10,
FINSEQ_1: 41;
hence contradiction by
A12;
end;
end;
hence s
in (
tree p) & not o
is_a_proper_prefix_of s or ex r be
FinSequence of
NAT st r
in t & s
= (o
^ r);
end;
end;
assume
A13: s
in (
tree p) & not o
is_a_proper_prefix_of s or ex r be
FinSequence of
NAT st r
in t & s
= (o
^ r);
per cases by
A13;
suppose that
A14: s
in (
tree p) and
A15: not o
is_a_proper_prefix_of s;
now
per cases by
A14,
TREES_3:def 15;
suppose s
=
{} ;
hence s
in (
tree q) by
TREES_1: 22;
end;
suppose ex n be
Nat, r be
FinSequence st n
< (
len p) & r
in (p
. (n
+ 1)) & s
= (
<*n*>
^ r);
then
consider n be
Nat, r be
FinSequence such that
A16: n
< (
len p) and
A17: r
in (p
. (n
+ 1)) and
A18: s
= (
<*n*>
^ r);
now
per cases ;
suppose
A19: r
=
{} ;
1
<= (n
+ 1) & (n
+ 1)
<= (
len q) by
A1,
A16,
NAT_1: 11,
NAT_1: 13;
then (n
+ 1)
in (
dom q) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then (q
. (n
+ 1)) is
Tree by
TREES_3: 22;
then r
in (q
. (n
+ 1)) by
A19,
TREES_1: 22;
hence s
in (
tree q) by
A1,
A16,
A18,
TREES_3:def 15;
end;
suppose r
<>
{} ;
then
A20: n
<> k by
A15,
A18,
FINSEQ_1: 87,
TREES_1: 1;
1
<= (n
+ 1) & (n
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
A16,
NAT_1: 11,
NAT_1: 13;
then (n
+ 1)
in (
dom p) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then (q
. (n
+ 1))
= (p
. (n
+ 1)) by
A3,
A20,
XCMPLX_1: 2;
hence s
in (
tree q) by
A1,
A16,
A17,
A18,
TREES_3:def 15;
end;
end;
hence s
in (
tree q);
end;
end;
hence s
in (
tree q);
end;
suppose ex r be
FinSequence of
NAT st r
in t & s
= (o
^ r);
hence s
in (
tree q) by
A1,
A4,
A5,
TREES_3:def 15;
end;
end;
(p
. (k
+ 1)) is
Tree by
A2,
TREES_3: 22;
then
A21:
{}
in (p
. (k
+ 1)) by
TREES_1: 22;
o
= (o
^
{} ) by
FINSEQ_1: 34;
then o
in (
tree p) by
A4,
A21,
TREES_3:def 15;
hence thesis by
A6,
TREES_1:def 9;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:15
for e1,e2 be
finite
DecoratedTree, x be
set, k be
Element of
NAT , p be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence st
<*k*>
in (
dom e1) & e1
= (x
-tree p) holds ex q be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence st (e1
with-replacement (
<*k*>,e2))
= (x
-tree q) & (
len q)
= (
len p) & (q
. (k
+ 1))
= e2 & for i be
Nat st i
in (
dom p) & i
<> (k
+ 1) holds (q
. i)
= (p
. i)
proof
let e1,e2 be
finite
DecoratedTree, x be
set, k be
Element of
NAT , p be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence such that
A1:
<*k*>
in (
dom e1) and
A2: e1
= (x
-tree p);
consider j be
Nat, T be
DecoratedTree, w be
Node of T such that
A3: j
< (
len p) and T
= (p
. (j
+ 1)) and
A4:
<*k*>
= (
<*j*>
^ w) by
A1,
A2,
TREES_4: 11;
consider pp be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence such that
A5: p
= pp and
A6: (
dom (x
-tree p))
= (
tree (
doms pp)) by
TREES_4:def 4;
A7: (
dom (
doms pp))
= (
dom p) by
A5,
TREES_3: 37;
deffunc
F(
Nat) = (
IFEQ ($1,(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. $1)));
set o =
<*k*>;
consider q be
FinSequence such that
A8: (
len q)
= (
len p) and
A9: for i be
Nat st i
in (
dom q) holds (q
. i)
=
F(i) from
FINSEQ_1:sch 2;
A10: (
dom q)
= (
Seg (
len p)) by
A8,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
A11: (
dom q)
= (
dom p) by
A8,
FINSEQ_3: 29;
now
let x;
assume
A12: x
in (
dom q);
then
reconsider i = x as
Nat;
A13: i
= (k
+ 1) or i
<> (k
+ 1);
(q
. i)
= (
IFEQ (i,(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. i))) by
A9,
A12;
then (q
. i)
= e2 or (q
. i)
= (p
. i) by
A13,
FUNCOP_1:def 8;
hence (q
. x) is
DecoratedTree by
A11,
A12,
TREES_3: 24;
end;
then
reconsider q as
DTree-yielding
FinSequence by
TREES_3: 24;
consider qq be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence such that
A14: q
= qq and
A15: (
dom (x
-tree q))
= (
tree (
doms qq)) by
TREES_4:def 4;
A16: (
len (
doms pp))
= (
len p) by
A5,
TREES_3: 38
.= (
len (
doms qq)) by
A8,
A14,
TREES_3: 38;
A17: (
dom p)
= (
Seg (
len p)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
A18:
now
let i be
Nat;
assume that
A19: i
in (
dom (
doms pp)) and
A20: i
<> (k
+ 1);
A21: (q
. i)
= (
IFEQ (i,(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. i))) by
A9,
A10,
A17,
A7,
A19
.= (p
. i) by
A20,
FUNCOP_1:def 8;
reconsider pii = (p
. i) as
DecoratedTree by
A7,
A19,
TREES_3: 24;
thus ((
doms pp)
. i)
= (
dom pii) by
A5,
A7,
A19,
FUNCT_6: 22
.= ((
doms qq)
. i) by
A11,
A14,
A7,
A19,
A21,
FUNCT_6: 22;
end;
reconsider dqq = (
doms qq) as
Tree-yielding
FinSequence;
take q;
<*j*>
=
<*k*> by
A4,
FINSEQ_1: 88;
then
A22: j
= (
<*k*>
. 1) by
FINSEQ_1:def 8
.= k by
FINSEQ_1:def 8;
then 1
<= (k
+ 1) & (k
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
A3,
NAT_1: 11,
NAT_1: 13;
then
A23: (k
+ 1)
in (
dom p) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then (k
+ 1)
in (
Seg (
len p)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
A24: (q
. (k
+ 1))
= (
IFEQ ((k
+ 1),(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. (k
+ 1)))) by
A9,
A10
.= e2 by
FUNCOP_1:def 8;
then ((
doms qq)
. (k
+ 1))
= (
dom e2) by
A11,
A23,
A14,
FUNCT_6: 22;
then
A25: (
dom (x
-tree q))
= ((
dom e1)
with-replacement (o,(
dom e2))) by
A2,
A23,
A15,
A6,
A16,
A7,
A18,
Th13;
for f be
FinSequence of
NAT st f
in ((
dom e1)
with-replacement (o,(
dom e2))) holds not o
is_a_prefix_of f & ((x
-tree q)
. f)
= (e1
. f) or ex r be
FinSequence of
NAT st r
in (
dom e2) & f
= (o
^ r) & ((x
-tree q)
. f)
= (e2
. r)
proof
reconsider o9 = o as
Element of (
dom e1) by
A1;
let f be
FinSequence of
NAT ;
assume
A26: f
in ((
dom e1)
with-replacement (o,(
dom e2)));
per cases by
A26,
Th10;
suppose
A27: not o9
is_a_prefix_of f;
A28: ((x
-tree q)
. f)
= (e1
. f)
proof
per cases by
A15,
A25,
A26,
TREES_3:def 15;
suppose
A29: f
=
{} ;
hence ((x
-tree q)
. f)
= x by
TREES_4:def 4
.= (e1
. f) by
A2,
A29,
TREES_4:def 4;
end;
suppose ex w be
Nat, u be
FinSequence st w
< (
len dqq) & u
in (dqq
. (w
+ 1)) & f
= (
<*w*>
^ u);
then
consider w be
Nat, u be
FinSequence such that
A30: w
< (
len (
doms q)) and
A31: u
in ((
doms q)
. (w
+ 1)) and
A32: f
= (
<*w*>
^ u) by
A14;
reconsider u as
FinSequence of
NAT by
A32,
FINSEQ_1: 36;
reconsider w as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
reconsider ww =
<*w*> as
FinSequence of
NAT ;
A33: (w
+ 1)
<> (k
+ 1) by
A27,
A32,
TREES_1: 1;
A34: ex pp be
DTree-yielding
FinSequence st p
= pp & (
dom (x
-tree p))
= (
tree (
doms pp)) by
TREES_4:def 4;
A35: w
< (
len q) by
A30,
TREES_3: 38;
then
A36: ((x
-tree q)
|
<*w*>)
= (q
. (w
+ 1)) by
TREES_4:def 4;
1
<= (w
+ 1) & (w
+ 1)
<= (
len p) by
A8,
A35,
NAT_1: 11,
NAT_1: 13;
then
A37: (w
+ 1)
in (
dom p) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then
reconsider pw1 = (p
. (w
+ 1)) as
DecoratedTree by
TREES_3: 24;
A38: (q
. (w
+ 1))
= (
IFEQ ((w
+ 1),(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. (w
+ 1)))) by
A9,
A10,
A17,
A37
.= (p
. (w
+ 1)) by
A33,
FUNCOP_1:def 8;
(w
+ 1)
in (
dom (
doms p)) by
A37,
TREES_3: 37;
then
A39: ((
dom (x
-tree p))
|
<*w*>)
= ((
doms p)
. (w
+ 1)) by
A34,
Th11
.= (
dom pw1) by
A37,
FUNCT_6: 22
.= ((
doms q)
. (w
+ 1)) by
A11,
A37,
A38,
FUNCT_6: 22;
(w
+ 1)
in (
dom (
doms q)) by
A11,
A37,
TREES_3: 37;
then ((
dom (x
-tree q))
|
<*w*>)
= ((
doms q)
. (w
+ 1)) by
A14,
A15,
Th11;
hence ((x
-tree q)
. f)
= (((x
-tree q)
| ww)
. u) by
A31,
A32,
TREES_2:def 10
.= (((x
-tree p)
| ww)
. u) by
A8,
A35,
A36,
A38,
TREES_4:def 4
.= (e1
. f) by
A2,
A31,
A32,
A39,
TREES_2:def 10;
end;
end;
assume o
is_a_prefix_of f or ((x
-tree q)
. f)
<> (e1
. f);
hence thesis by
A27,
A28;
end;
suppose ex t1 be
Element of (
dom e2) st f
= (o9
^ t1);
then
consider r be
Element of (
dom e2) such that
A40: f
= (o
^ r);
assume o
is_a_prefix_of f or ((x
-tree q)
. f)
<> (e1
. f);
A41: ((x
-tree q)
| o)
= (q
. (k
+ 1)) by
A8,
A3,
A22,
TREES_4:def 4;
reconsider r as
FinSequence of
NAT ;
take r;
thus
A42: r
in (
dom e2);
thus f
= (o
^ r) by
A40;
r
in ((
dom (x
-tree q))
| o) by
A1,
A25,
A42,
TREES_1: 33;
hence thesis by
A24,
A40,
A41,
TREES_2:def 10;
end;
end;
hence (e1
with-replacement (o,e2))
= (x
-tree q) by
A1,
A25,
TREES_2:def 11;
thus (
len q)
= (
len p) by
A8;
thus (q
. (k
+ 1))
= e2 by
A24;
let i be
Nat;
assume i
in (
dom p);
then (q
. i)
= (
IFEQ (i,(k
+ 1),e2,(p
. i))) by
A9,
A10,
A17;
hence thesis by
FUNCOP_1:def 8;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:16
for T be
finite
Tree, p be
Element of T st p
<>
{} holds (
card (T
| p))
< (
card T)
proof
let T be
finite
Tree, p be
Element of T;
reconsider p9 = p as
Element of (
NAT
* ) by
FINSEQ_1:def 11;
set X = { (p9
^ n) where n be
Element of (
NAT
* ) : n
in (T
| p) };
A1: ((T
| p),X)
are_equipotent
proof
deffunc
F(
Element of (T
| p)) = (p9
^ $1);
consider f be
Function such that
A2: (
dom f)
= (T
| p) and
A3: for n be
Element of (T
| p) holds (f
. n)
=
F(n) from
FUNCT_1:sch 4;
take f;
thus f is
one-to-one
proof
let x,y be
object such that
A4: x
in (
dom f) & y
in (
dom f) and
A5: (f
. x)
= (f
. y);
reconsider m = x, n = y as
Element of (T
| p) by
A2,
A4;
(p9
^ m)
= (f
. n) by
A3,
A5
.= (p9
^ n) by
A3;
hence thesis by
FINSEQ_1: 33;
end;
thus (
dom f)
= (T
| p) by
A2;
thus (
rng f)
c= X
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in (
rng f);
then
consider n be
object such that
A6: n
in (
dom f) and
A7: i
= (f
. n) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
(T
| p)
c= (
NAT
* ) by
TREES_1:def 3;
then
reconsider n as
Element of (
NAT
* ) by
A2,
A6;
(f
. n)
= (p9
^ n) by
A2,
A3,
A6;
hence thesis by
A2,
A6,
A7;
end;
let i be
object;
assume i
in X;
then
consider n be
Element of (
NAT
* ) such that
A8: i
= (p9
^ n) and
A9: n
in (T
| p);
reconsider n as
Element of (T
| p) by
A9;
i
= (f
. n) by
A3,
A8;
hence thesis by
A2,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
then
reconsider X as
finite
set by
CARD_1: 38;
A10: (
card X)
= (
card (T
| p)) by
A1,
CARD_1: 5;
assume
A11: p
<>
{} ;
A12: X
<> T
proof
assume X
= T;
then
{}
in X by
TREES_1: 22;
then ex n be
Element of (
NAT
* ) st
{}
= (p9
^ n) & n
in (T
| p);
hence contradiction by
A11;
end;
X
c= T
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in X;
then ex n be
Element of (
NAT
* ) st i
= (p9
^ n) & n
in (T
| p);
hence thesis by
TREES_1:def 6;
end;
then X
c< T by
A12;
hence thesis by
A10,
CARD_2: 48;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:17
Th16: for T,T1 be
finite
Tree, p be
Element of T holds ((
card (T
with-replacement (p,T1)))
+ (
card (T
| p)))
= ((
card T)
+ (
card T1))
proof
let T, T1, p;
defpred
P1[
Element of T] means not p
is_a_prefix_of $1;
defpred
P2[
Element of T] means p
is_a_prefix_of $1;
set A = { t :
P1[t] };
set B = { t :
P2[t] };
set C = the set of all (p
^ t1);
A1: A is
Subset of T from
DOMAIN_1:sch 7;
A2: B is
Subset of T from
DOMAIN_1:sch 7;
A3: (T1,C)
are_equipotent
proof
deffunc
F(
Element of T1) = (p
^ $1);
consider f be
Function such that
A4: (
dom f)
= T1 and
A5: for n be
Element of T1 holds (f
. n)
=
F(n) from
FUNCT_1:sch 4;
take f;
thus f is
one-to-one
proof
let x,y be
object such that
A6: x
in (
dom f) & y
in (
dom f) and
A7: (f
. x)
= (f
. y);
reconsider m = x, n = y as
Element of T1 by
A4,
A6;
(p
^ m)
= (f
. n) by
A5,
A7
.= (p
^ n) by
A5;
hence thesis by
FINSEQ_1: 33;
end;
thus (
dom f)
= T1 by
A4;
thus (
rng f)
c= C
proof
let i be
object;
assume i
in (
rng f);
then
consider n be
object such that
A8: n
in (
dom f) and
A9: i
= (f
. n) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
T1
c= (
NAT
* ) by
TREES_1:def 3;
then
reconsider n as
Element of (
NAT
* ) by
A4,
A8;
(f
. n)
= (p
^ n) by
A4,
A5,
A8;
hence thesis by
A4,
A8,
A9;
end;
let i be
object;
assume i
in C;
then
consider n be
Element of T1 such that
A10: i
= (p
^ n);
i
= (f
. n) by
A5,
A10;
hence thesis by
A4,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
reconsider A, B as
finite
set by
A1,
A2;
now
let x be
object;
hereby
assume x
in T;
then
reconsider t = x as
Element of T;
p
is_a_prefix_of t or not p
is_a_prefix_of t;
hence x
in A or x
in B;
end;
assume x
in A or x
in B;
hence x
in T by
A1,
A2;
end;
then
A11: T
= (A
\/ B) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
A12: A
misses C
proof
assume not thesis;
then
consider x be
object such that
A13: x
in (A
/\ C) by
XBOOLE_0: 4;
x
in C by
A13,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
A14: ex t1 st x
= (p
^ t1);
x
in A by
A13,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then ex t st x
= t & not p
is_a_prefix_of t;
hence contradiction by
A14,
TREES_1: 1;
end;
A15: A
misses B
proof
assume not thesis;
then
consider x be
object such that
A16: x
in (A
/\ B) by
XBOOLE_0: 4;
x
in B by
A16,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
A17: ex t st x
= t & p
is_a_prefix_of t;
x
in A by
A16,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then ex t st x
= t & not p
is_a_prefix_of t;
hence contradiction by
A17;
end;
A18: (T
with-replacement (p,T1))
= (A
\/ C) by
Th9;
reconsider C as
finite
set by
A3,
CARD_1: 38;
A19: (
card T1)
= (
card C) by
A3,
CARD_1: 5;
((T
| p),B)
are_equipotent by
Th8;
then (
card (T
| p))
= (
card B) by
CARD_1: 5;
hence ((
card (T
with-replacement (p,T1)))
+ (
card (T
| p)))
= (((
card A)
+ (
card C))
+ (
card B)) by
A18,
A12,
CARD_2: 40
.= (((
card A)
+ (
card B))
+ (
card C))
.= ((
card T)
+ (
card T1)) by
A11,
A15,
A19,
CARD_2: 40;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:18
for T,T1 be
finite
DecoratedTree, p be
Element of (
dom T) holds ((
card (T
with-replacement (p,T1)))
+ (
card (T
| p)))
= ((
card T)
+ (
card T1))
proof
let T,T1 be
finite
DecoratedTree, p be
Element of (
dom T);
A1: (
card (
dom T))
= (
card T) & (
card (
dom T1))
= (
card T1) by
CARD_1: 62;
A2: (
card (
dom (T
with-replacement (p,T1))))
= (
card (T
with-replacement (p,T1))) & (
card (
dom (T
| p)))
= (
card (T
| p)) by
CARD_1: 62;
(
dom (T
with-replacement (p,T1)))
= ((
dom T)
with-replacement (p,(
dom T1))) & (
dom (T
| p))
= ((
dom T)
| p) by
TREES_2:def 10,
TREES_2:def 11;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
Th16;
end;
registration
let x be
object;
cluster (
root-tree x) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
(
root-tree x)
=
{
[
{} , x]} by
TREES_4: 6;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:19
for x be
set holds (
card (
root-tree x))
= 1
proof
let x be
set;
(
root-tree x)
=
{
[
{} , x]} by
TREES_4: 6;
hence thesis by
CARD_1: 30;
end;
begin
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:20
Th19: for F be non
empty
finite
set holds ((
card F)
- 1)
= ((
card F)
-' 1)
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set;
((
card F)
- 1)
>=
0 by
NAT_1: 14,
XREAL_1: 48;
hence thesis by
XREAL_0:def 2;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:21
for f,g be
Function holds ((
dom f),(
dom g))
are_equipotent iff (f,g)
are_equipotent
proof
let f,g be
Function;
A1: (
card f)
= (
card (
dom f)) & (
card g)
= (
card (
dom g)) by
CARD_1: 62;
hereby
assume ((
dom f),(
dom g))
are_equipotent ;
then (
card (
dom f))
= (
card (
dom g)) by
CARD_1: 5;
hence (f,g)
are_equipotent by
A1,
CARD_1: 5;
end;
assume (f,g)
are_equipotent ;
then (
card f)
= (
card g) by
CARD_1: 5;
hence thesis by
A1,
CARD_1: 5;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:22
for f,g be
finite
Function st (
dom f)
misses (
dom g) holds (
card (f
+* g))
= ((
card f)
+ (
card g))
proof
let f,g be
finite
Function such that
A1: (
dom f)
misses (
dom g);
thus (
card (f
+* g))
= (
card (
dom (f
+* g))) by
CARD_1: 62
.= (
card ((
dom f)
\/ (
dom g))) by
FUNCT_4:def 1
.= ((
card (
dom f))
+ (
card (
dom g))) by
A1,
CARD_2: 40
.= ((
card (
dom f))
+ (
card g)) by
CARD_1: 62
.= ((
card f)
+ (
card g)) by
CARD_1: 62;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:23
for n be
Nat holds { k where k be
Nat : k
> n } is
infinite
proof
let n be
Nat;
set X = { k where k be
Nat : k
> n };
A1: X
c=
NAT
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in X;
then ex k be
Nat st x
= k & k
> n;
hence thesis by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
end;
(n
+ 1)
> (n
+
0 ) by
XREAL_1: 8;
then
A2: (n
+ 1)
in X;
assume X is
finite;
then
reconsider X as non
empty
finite
Subset of
NAT by
A1,
A2;
set m = (
max X);
m
in X by
XXREAL_2:def 8;
then
consider k be
Nat such that
A3: m
= k and
A4: k
> n;
(k
+ 1)
> (k
+
0 ) by
XREAL_1: 8;
then (k
+ 1)
> n by
A4,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then (m
+ 1)
in X by
A3;
then (m
+ 1)
<= (m
+
0 ) by
XXREAL_2:def 8;
hence contradiction by
XREAL_1: 8;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:24
Th23: for D be
finite
set, k be
Nat st (
card D)
= (k
+ 1) holds ex x be
Element of D, C be
Subset of D st D
= (C
\/
{x}) & (
card C)
= k
proof
let D be
finite
set, k be
Nat;
assume
A1: (
card D)
= (k
+ 1);
then D
<>
{} ;
then
consider x be
object such that
A2: x
in D by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider C = (D
\
{x}) as
Subset of D;
reconsider x as
Element of D by
A2;
take x, C;
x
in
{x} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A3: not x
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
{x}
c= D by
A2,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
hence D
= (C
\/
{x}) by
XBOOLE_1: 45;
then (
card D)
= ((
card C)
+ 1) by
A3,
CARD_2: 41;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
theorem ::
PRE_CIRC:25
Th24: for D be
finite
set st (
card D)
= 1 holds ex x be
Element of D st D
=
{x}
proof
let D be
finite
set;
assume (
card D)
= 1;
then (
card D)
= (
0
+ 1);
then
consider x be
Element of D, C be
Subset of D such that
A1: D
= (C
\/
{x}) and
A2: (
card C)
=
0 by
Th23;
take x;
C
=
{} by
A2;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
reserve k for
Nat;
scheme ::
PRE_CIRC:sch5
MinValue { D() -> non
empty
finite
set , F(
Element of D()) ->
Real } :
ex x be
Element of D() st for y be
Element of D() holds F(x)
<= F(y);
defpred
P[
Nat] means for A be
Subset of D() st ($1
+ 1)
= (
card A) holds ex x be
Element of D() st x
in A & for y be
Element of D() st y
in A holds F(x)
<= F(y);
A1: (((
card D())
-' 1)
+ 1)
= (((
card D())
- 1)
+ 1) by
Th19
.= (
card D());
A2: D()
c= D();
A3: for k st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k;
assume
A4:
P[k];
now
let A be
Subset of D();
assume
A5: ((k
+ 1)
+ 1)
= (
card A);
then
A6: A
<>
{} ;
consider x be
Element of A, C be
Subset of A such that
A7: A
= (C
\/
{x}) and
A8: (
card C)
= (k
+ 1) by
A5,
Th23;
x
in A by
A6;
then
reconsider x as
Element of D();
reconsider C as
Subset of D() by
XBOOLE_1: 1;
consider z be
Element of D() such that
A9: z
in C and
A10: for y be
Element of D() st y
in C holds F(z)
<= F(y) by
A4,
A8;
per cases ;
suppose
A11: F(x)
<= F(z);
take x;
thus x
in A by
A6;
hereby
let y be
Element of D();
assume
A12: y
in A;
per cases by
A7,
A12,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose y
in C;
then F(z)
<= F(y) by
A10;
hence F(x)
<= F(y) by
A11,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
suppose y
in
{x};
hence F(x)
<= F(y) by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
end;
suppose
A13: F(x)
> F(z);
take z;
thus z
in A by
A9;
hereby
let y be
Element of D();
assume
A14: y
in A;
per cases by
A7,
A14,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose y
in C;
hence F(z)
<= F(y) by
A10;
end;
suppose y
in
{x};
hence F(z)
<= F(y) by
A13,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
A15:
P[
0 ]
proof
let A be
Subset of D();
assume (
0
+ 1)
= (
card A);
then
consider x be
Element of A such that
A16: A
=
{x} by
Th24;
reconsider x as
Element of D() by
A16,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
take x;
thus x
in A by
A16;
thus thesis by
A16,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
for k holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A15,
A3);
then (((
card D())
-' 1)
+ 1)
= (
card D()) implies ex x be
Element of D() st x
in D() & for y be
Element of D() st y
in D() holds F(x)
<= F(y) by
A2;
then
consider x be
Element of D() such that x
in D() and
A17: for y be
Element of D() st y
in D() holds F(x)
<= F(y) by
A1;
take x;
let y be
Element of D();
thus thesis by
A17;
end;