hallmar1.miz
begin
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:1
Th1: for X,Y be
finite
set holds ((
card (X
\/ Y))
+ (
card (X
/\ Y)))
= ((
card X)
+ (
card Y))
proof
let X,Y be
finite
set;
(
card (X
\/ Y))
= (((
card X)
+ (
card Y))
- (
card (X
/\ Y))) by
CARD_2: 45;
hence thesis;
end;
scheme ::
HALLMAR1:sch1
Regr11 { n() ->
Element of
NAT , P[
set] } :
for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
<= n() holds P[k]
provided
A1: P[n()] & n()
>= 2
and
A2: for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
< n() & P[(k
+ 1)] holds P[k];
defpred
X[
Nat] means 1
<= $1 & $1
<= n() & not P[$1];
assume ex k be
Element of
NAT st
X[k];
then
A3: ex k be
Nat st
X[k];
A4: for l be
Nat st
X[l] holds l
<= n();
consider l be
Nat such that
A5:
X[l] and
A6: for n be
Nat st
X[n] holds n
<= l from
NAT_1:sch 6(
A4,
A3);
A7: (l
+ 1)
>= 1 by
NAT_1: 12;
A8: l
< n() by
A1,
A5,
XXREAL_0: 1;
then
A9: (l
+ 1)
<= n() by
NAT_1: 13;
A10:
now
assume not P[(l
+ 1)];
then (l
+ 1)
<= l by
A6,
A9,
A7;
hence contradiction by
XREAL_1: 29;
end;
l
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
hence contradiction by
A2,
A5,
A8,
A10;
end;
scheme ::
HALLMAR1:sch2
Regr2 { P[
set] } :
P[1]
provided
A1: ex n be
Element of
NAT st n
> 1 & P[n]
and
A2: for k be
Element of
NAT st k
>= 1 & P[(k
+ 1)] holds P[k];
consider n be
Element of
NAT such that
A3: n
> 1 and
A4: P[n] by
A1;
n
>= (1
+ 1) by
A3,
NAT_1: 13;
then
A5: P[n] & n
>= 2 by
A4;
A6: for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
< n & P[(k
+ 1)] holds P[k] by
A2;
for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
<= n holds P[k] from
Regr11(
A5,
A6);
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
registration
let F be non
empty
set;
cluster non
empty
non-empty for
FinSequence of (
bool F);
existence
proof
set x = the non
empty
Subset of F;
take v =
<*x*>;
thus v is non
empty;
(
rng v)
=
{x} by
FINSEQ_1: 39;
then not
{}
in (
rng v) by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
RELAT_1:def 9;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:2
Th2: for F be non
empty
set, f be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
<>
{}
proof
let F be non
empty
set, f be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A1: i
in (
dom f);
assume (f
. i)
=
{} ;
then
{}
in (
rng f) by
A1,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence thesis by
RELAT_1:def 9;
end;
registration
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
cluster (A
. i) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
per cases ;
suppose i
in (
dom A);
then (A
. i)
in (
bool F) by
PARTFUN1: 4;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose not i
in (
dom A);
hence thesis by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
end;
end;
end
begin
definition
let F be
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let J be
set;
::
HALLMAR1:def1
func
union (A,J) ->
set means
:
Def1: for x be
object holds x
in it iff ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j);
existence
proof
defpred
P[
object] means ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & $1
in (A
. j);
consider X be
set such that
A1: for x be
object holds x
in X iff x
in F &
P[x] from
XBOOLE_0:sch 1;
take X;
let x be
object;
thus x
in X implies ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
A1;
given j be
set such that
A2: j
in J and
A3: j
in (
dom A) and
A4: x
in (A
. j);
(
rng A)
c= (
bool F) & (A
. j)
in (
rng A) by
A3,
FINSEQ_1:def 4,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A3,
A4;
end;
uniqueness
proof
defpred
P[
object] means ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & $1
in (A
. j);
let A1,A2 be
set such that
A5: for x be
object holds x
in A1 iff ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) and
A6: for x be
object holds x
in A2 iff ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j);
A7: for x be
object holds x
in A2 iff
P[x] by
A6;
A8: for x be
object holds x
in A1 iff
P[x] by
A5;
A1
= A2 from
XBOOLE_0:sch 2(
A8,
A7);
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:3
Th3: for F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), J be
set holds (
union (A,J))
c= F
proof
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), J be
set;
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,J));
then
consider j be
set such that j
in J and
A1: j
in (
dom A) and
A2: x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
(
rng A)
c= (
bool F) & (A
. j)
in (
rng A) by
A1,
FINSEQ_1:def 4,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence thesis by
A2;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:4
for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), J,K be
set st J
c= K holds (
union (A,J))
c= (
union (A,K))
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), J,K be
set;
assume
A1: J
c= K;
thus (
union (A,J))
c= (
union (A,K))
proof
let a be
object;
assume a
in (
union (A,J));
then ex j be
set st j
in J & j
in (
dom A) & a
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
hence thesis by
A1,
Def1;
end;
end;
registration
let F be
finite
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let J be
set;
cluster (
union (A,J)) ->
finite;
coherence by
Th3,
FINSET_1: 1;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:5
Th5: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
union (A,
{i}))
= (A
. i)
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT such that
A1: i
in (
dom A);
thus (
union (A,
{i}))
c= (A
. i)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,
{i}));
then ex j be
set st j
in
{i} & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
thus (A
. i)
c= (
union (A,
{i}))
proof
let x be
object;
A2: i
in
{i} by
TARSKI:def 1;
assume x
in (A
. i);
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
Def1;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:6
Th6: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i,j be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) & j
in (
dom A) holds (
union (A,
{i, j}))
= ((A
. i)
\/ (A
. j))
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i,j be
Element of
NAT such that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: j
in (
dom A);
thus (
union (A,
{i, j}))
c= ((A
. i)
\/ (A
. j))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,
{i, j}));
then
consider k be
set such that
A3: k
in
{i, j} & k
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. k) by
Def1;
per cases by
A3,
TARSKI:def 2;
suppose k
= i & k
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. k);
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose k
= j & k
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. k);
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
end;
thus ((A
. i)
\/ (A
. j))
c= (
union (A,
{i, j}))
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A4: x
in ((A
. i)
\/ (A
. j));
per cases by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A5: x
in (A
. i);
i
in
{i, j} by
TARSKI:def 2;
hence thesis by
A1,
A5,
Def1;
end;
suppose
A6: x
in (A
. j);
j
in
{i, j} by
TARSKI:def 2;
hence thesis by
A2,
A6,
Def1;
end;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:7
Th7: for J be
set, F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT st i
in J & i
in (
dom A) holds (A
. i)
c= (
union (A,J)) by
Def1;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:8
Th8: for J be
set, F be
finite
set, i be
Element of
NAT , A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) st i
in J & i
in (
dom A) holds (
union (A,J))
= ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ (A
. i))
proof
let J be
set;
let F be
finite
set;
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume i
in J & i
in (
dom A);
then
A1: (A
. i)
c= (
union (A,J)) by
Th7;
thus (
union (A,J))
c= ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ (A
. i))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,J));
then
consider j be
set such that
A2: j
in J and
A3: j
in (
dom A) and
A4: x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
per cases ;
suppose i
= j;
hence thesis by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose i
<> j;
then not j
in
{i} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then j
in (J
\
{i}) by
A2,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then x
in (
union (A,(J
\
{i}))) by
A3,
A4,
Def1;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
end;
thus ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ (A
. i))
c= (
union (A,J))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ (A
. i));
then
A5: x
in (
union (A,(J
\
{i}))) or x
in (A
. i) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
per cases by
A1,
A5;
suppose x
in (
union (A,(J
\
{i})));
then ex j be
set st j
in (J
\
{i}) & j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
hence thesis by
Def1;
end;
suppose x
in (
union (A,J));
hence thesis;
end;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:9
Th9: for J1,J2 be
set, F be
finite
set, i be
Element of
NAT , A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) st i
in (
dom A) holds (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2)))
= ((A
. i)
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))))
proof
let J1,J2 be
set;
let F be
finite
set;
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume i
in (
dom A);
then
A1: (
union (A,
{i}))
= (A
. i) by
Th5;
thus (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2)))
c= ((A
. i)
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2)));
then
consider j be
set such that
A2: j
in ((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2) and
A3: j
in (
dom A) and
A4: x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
per cases ;
suppose i
= j;
hence thesis by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose
A5: i
<> j;
j
in (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)) by
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then j
in
{i} or j
in (J1
\/ J2) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))) by
A3,
A4,
A5,
Def1,
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
end;
thus ((A
. i)
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))))
c= (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2)))
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A6: x
in ((A
. i)
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))));
per cases by
A1,
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in (
union (A,
{i}));
then
consider j be
set such that
A7: j
in
{i} and
A8: j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
j
in (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)) by
A7,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then j
in ((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
hence thesis by
A8,
Def1;
end;
suppose x
in (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)));
then
consider j be
set such that
A9: j
in (J1
\/ J2) and
A10: j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
j
in (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)) by
A9,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then j
in ((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
hence thesis by
A10,
Def1;
end;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:10
Th10: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) holds for i be
Element of
NAT holds for x,y be
set st x
<> y & x
in (A
. i) & y
in (A
. i) holds (((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))
= (A
. i)
proof
let F be
finite
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
let x,y be
set such that
A1: x
<> y and
A2: x
in (A
. i) and
A3: y
in (A
. i);
(A
. i)
c= (((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))
proof
{}
= (
{y}
\ (
{y}
\/
{} )) by
XBOOLE_1: 46;
then (A
. i)
= ((A
. i)
\ (
{y}
\
{y}));
then (A
. i)
= (((A
. i)
\
{y})
\/ ((A
. i)
/\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 52;
then
A4: (A
. i)
= (((A
. i)
\
{y})
\/
{y}) by
A3,
ZFMISC_1: 46;
let z be
object;
not x
in
{y} by
A1,
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A5: x
in ((A
. i)
\
{y}) by
A2,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
assume z
in (A
. i);
then z
in ((((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/
{x})
\/ (((A
. i)
\
{y})
\/
{y})) by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then z
in (((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ (
{x}
\/ (
{y}
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})))) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then z
in (((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ ((
{x}
\/
{y})
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then z
in ((((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ (
{y}
\/
{x}))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then z
in (((((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/
{y})
\/
{x})
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then
A6: z
in ((((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/
{y})
\/ (
{x}
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
not y
in
{x} by
A1,
TARSKI:def 1;
then y
in ((A
. i)
\
{x}) by
A3,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then z
in (((A
. i)
\
{x})
\/ (
{x}
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))) by
A6,
ZFMISC_1: 40;
hence thesis by
A5,
ZFMISC_1: 40;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
begin
definition
let F be
finite
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
let x be
set;
::
HALLMAR1:def2
func
Cut (A,i,x) ->
FinSequence of (
bool F) means
:
Def2: (
dom it )
= (
dom A) & for k be
Element of
NAT st k
in (
dom it ) holds (i
= k implies (it
. k)
= ((A
. k)
\
{x})) & (i
<> k implies (it
. k)
= (A
. k));
existence
proof
(A
. i)
c= F
proof
per cases ;
suppose i
in (
dom A);
then (A
. i)
in (
bool F) by
FINSEQ_2: 11;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose not i
in (
dom A);
then (A
. i)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
then
reconsider EX = ((A
. i)
\
{x}) as
Subset of F by
XBOOLE_1: 1;
set XX = (A
+* (i,EX));
reconsider XX as
FinSequence of (
bool F);
take XX;
(
dom XX)
= (
dom A) by
FUNCT_7: 30;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_7: 31,
FUNCT_7: 32;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let f1,f2 be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume that
A1: (
dom f1)
= (
dom A) and
A2: for k be
Element of
NAT st k
in (
dom f1) holds (i
= k implies (f1
. k)
= ((A
. k)
\
{x})) & (i
<> k implies (f1
. k)
= (A
. k)) and
A3: (
dom f2)
= (
dom A) and
A4: for k be
Element of
NAT st k
in (
dom f2) holds (i
= k implies (f2
. k)
= ((A
. k)
\
{x})) & (i
<> k implies (f2
. k)
= (A
. k));
for z be
Nat st z
in (
dom f1) holds (f1
. z)
= (f2
. z)
proof
let z be
Nat;
assume
A5: z
in (
dom f1);
per cases ;
suppose
A6: z
= i;
then (f1
. z)
= ((A
. i)
\
{x}) by
A2,
A5
.= (f2
. z) by
A1,
A3,
A4,
A5,
A6;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A7: z
<> i;
then (f1
. z)
= (A
. z) by
A2,
A5
.= (f2
. z) by
A1,
A3,
A4,
A5,
A7;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
FINSEQ_1: 13;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:11
Th11: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set st i
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. i) holds (
card ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. i))
= ((
card (A
. i))
- 1)
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set;
set f = (
Cut (A,i,x));
assume that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: x
in (A
. i);
i
in (
dom f) by
A1,
Def2;
then
A3: (f
. i)
= ((A
. i)
\
{x}) by
Def2;
{x}
c= (A
. i) by
A2,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then (
card (f
. i))
= ((
card (A
. i))
- (
card
{x})) by
A3,
CARD_2: 44
.= ((
card (A
. i))
- 1) by
CARD_2: 42;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:12
Th12: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set holds (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),(J
\
{i})))
= (
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set;
thus (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),(J
\
{i})))
c= (
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
proof
let z be
object;
assume z
in (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),(J
\
{i})));
then
consider j be
set such that
A1: j
in (J
\
{i}) and
A2: j
in (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) and
A3: z
in ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. j) by
Def1;
not j
in
{i} by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then i
<> j by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A4: z
in (A
. j) by
A2,
A3,
Def2;
j
in (
dom A) by
A2,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A1,
A4,
Def1;
end;
A5: (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x)))
= (
dom A) by
Def2;
thus (
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
c= (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),(J
\
{i})))
proof
let z be
object;
assume z
in (
union (A,(J
\
{i})));
then
consider j be
set such that
A6: j
in (J
\
{i}) and
A7: j
in (
dom A) and
A8: z
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
not j
in
{i} by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then i
<> j by
TARSKI:def 1;
then ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. j)
= (A
. j) by
A5,
A7,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A5,
A6,
A7,
A8,
Def1;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:13
Th13: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set st not i
in J holds (
union (A,J))
= (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),J))
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set;
assume
A1: not i
in J;
thus (
union (A,J))
c= (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),J))
proof
let z be
object;
assume z
in (
union (A,J));
then
consider j be
set such that
A2: j
in J and
A3: j
in (
dom A) and
A4: z
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
A5: j
in (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) by
A3,
Def2;
per cases ;
suppose i
= j;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2;
end;
suppose i
<> j;
then ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. j)
= (A
. j) by
A5,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A2,
A4,
A5,
Def1;
end;
end;
let z be
object;
assume z
in (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),J));
then
consider j be
set such that
A6: j
in J and
A7: j
in (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) and
A8: z
in ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. j) by
Def1;
A9: j
in (
dom A) by
A7,
Def2;
per cases ;
suppose i
= j;
hence thesis by
A1,
A6;
end;
suppose i
<> j;
then ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. j)
= (A
. j) by
A7,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A6,
A8,
A9,
Def1;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:14
Th14: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set st i
in (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) & i
in J holds (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),J))
= ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x}))
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x,J be
set such that
A1: i
in (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) and
A2: i
in J;
(
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),J))
= ((
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),(J
\
{i})))
\/ ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. i)) by
A1,
A2,
Th8
.= ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ ((
Cut (A,i,x))
. i)) by
Th12
.= ((
union (A,(J
\
{i})))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x})) by
A1,
Def2;
hence thesis;
end;
begin
definition
let F be
finite
set;
let X be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
let A be
set;
::
HALLMAR1:def3
pred A
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of X means ex f be
FinSequence of F st f
= A & (
dom X)
= (
dom f) & (for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
in (X
. i)) & f is
one-to-one;
end
definition
let F be
finite
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
::
HALLMAR1:def4
attr A is
Hall means for J be
finite
set st J
c= (
dom A) holds (
card J)
<= (
card (
union (A,J)));
end
registration
let F be
finite non
empty
set;
cluster
Hall non
empty for
FinSequence of (
bool F);
existence
proof
set c = the
Element of F;
reconsider b =
{c} as
Element of (
bool F) by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
reconsider f =
<*b*> as
FinSequence of (
bool F);
for J be
finite
set st J
c= (
dom f) holds (
card J)
<= (
card (
union (f,J)))
proof
let J be
finite
set;
assume
A1: J
c= (
dom f);
A2: (
dom f)
=
{1} by
FINSEQ_1: 2,
FINSEQ_1: 38;
then
A3: J
=
{} or J
=
{1} by
A1,
ZFMISC_1: 33;
per cases by
A3;
suppose J
=
{} ;
then (
card J)
=
0 ;
hence thesis by
NAT_1: 2;
end;
suppose
A4: J
=
{1};
1
in (
dom f) & 1
in
NAT by
A2,
TARSKI:def 1;
then (
union (f,
{1}))
= (f
. 1) by
Th5
.= b by
FINSEQ_1: 40;
then (
card (
union (f,J)))
= 1 by
A4,
CARD_1: 30;
hence thesis by
A4,
CARD_1: 30;
end;
end;
then f is
Hall;
hence thesis;
end;
end
registration
let F be
finite
set;
cluster
Hall for
FinSequence of (
bool F);
existence
proof
reconsider f = (
<*> (
bool F)) as
FinSequence of (
bool F);
for J be
finite
set st J
c= (
dom f) holds (
card J)
<= (
card (
union (f,J)))
proof
let J be
finite
set;
assume J
c= (
dom f);
then (
card J)
=
0 ;
hence thesis by
NAT_1: 2;
end;
then
A1: f is
Hall;
take f;
thus thesis by
A1;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:15
Th15: for F be
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F) st A is
Hall holds A is
non-empty
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume
A1: A is
Hall;
assume A is non
non-empty;
then
{}
in (
rng A) by
RELAT_1:def 9;
then
consider i be
object such that
A2: i
in (
dom A) & (A
. i)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
set J =
{i};
A3: (
card J)
= 1 by
CARD_2: 42;
J
c= (
dom A) & (
card (
union (A,J)))
=
0 by
A2,
Th5,
CARD_1: 27,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3;
end;
registration
let F be
finite
set;
cluster
Hall ->
non-empty for non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
coherence by
Th15;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:16
Th16: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) & A is
Hall holds (
card (A
. i))
>= 1
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: A is
Hall;
set J =
{i};
J
c= (
dom A) by
A1,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then
A3: (
card J)
<= (
card (
union (A,J))) by
A2;
assume
A4: (
card (A
. i))
< 1;
(
union (A,J))
= (A
. i) by
A1,
Th5;
hence thesis by
A4,
A3,
CARD_2: 42;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:17
Th17: for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F) st (for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
card (A
. i))
= 1) & A is
Hall holds ex X be
set st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume
A1: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
card (A
. i))
= 1;
reconsider dA = (
dom A) as non
empty
set;
deffunc
F(
Element of dA) = (A
. $1);
assume
A2: A is
Hall;
A3: for a be
Element of dA holds F
meets
F(a)
proof
let a be
Element of dA;
set z = the
Element of (A
. a);
(A
. a)
<>
{} by
A2;
then
A4: z
in (A
. a);
(
rng A)
c= (
bool F) & (A
. a)
in (
rng A) by
FINSEQ_1:def 4,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence thesis by
A4,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
end;
ex f be
Function of dA, F st for a be
Element of dA holds (f
. a)
in
F(a) from
FUNCT_2:sch 10(
A3);
then
consider f be
Function of dA, F such that
A5: for a be
Element of dA holds (f
. a)
in
F(a);
A6: (
dom f)
= (
dom A) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A7: (
rng f)
c= F
proof
let x be
object;
A8: (
rng A)
c= (
bool F) by
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
assume x
in (
rng f);
then
consider y be
object such that
A9: y
in (
dom f) and
A10: x
= (f
. y) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
(f
. y)
in (A
. y) & (A
. y)
in (
rng A) by
A5,
A6,
A9,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence thesis by
A10,
A8;
end;
ex n be
Nat st (
dom A)
= (
Seg n) by
FINSEQ_1:def 2;
then f is
FinSequence by
A6,
FINSEQ_1:def 2;
then
reconsider f as
FinSequence of F by
A7,
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
A11: (
dom A)
= (
dom f) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A12: (
card
{
{} })
= 1 by
CARD_1: 30;
for i,j be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) & j
in (
dom f) & i
<> j holds (f
. i)
<> (f
. j)
proof
let i,j be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A13: i
in (
dom f) and
A14: j
in (
dom f) and
A15: i
<> j;
thus (f
. i)
<> (f
. j)
proof
(
card (A
. i))
= (
card
{
{} }) by
A1,
A12,
A11,
A13;
then
consider y be
object such that
A16: (A
. i)
=
{y} by
CARD_1: 29;
A17: (A
. i)
=
{(f
. i)}
proof
thus (A
. i)
c=
{(f
. i)}
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A18: x
in (A
. i);
x
= (f
. i)
proof
(f
. i)
in (A
. i) by
A5,
A6,
A13;
then
A19: (f
. i)
= y by
A16,
TARSKI:def 1;
assume x
<> (f
. i);
hence thesis by
A16,
A18,
A19,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
let x be
object;
assume x
in
{(f
. i)};
then x
= (f
. i) by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
A5,
A6,
A13;
end;
A20: j
in (
dom A) by
A14,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then (
card (A
. j))
= (
card
{
{} }) by
A1,
A12;
then
consider z be
object such that
A21: (A
. j)
=
{z} by
CARD_1: 29;
A22: (A
. j)
=
{(f
. j)}
proof
thus (A
. j)
c=
{(f
. j)}
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A23: x
in (A
. j);
x
= (f
. j)
proof
(f
. j)
in (A
. j) by
A5,
A6,
A14;
then
A24: (f
. j)
= z by
A21,
TARSKI:def 1;
assume x
<> (f
. j);
hence thesis by
A21,
A23,
A24,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
let x be
object;
assume x
in
{(f
. j)};
then x
= (f
. j) by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
A5,
A6,
A14;
end;
set J =
{i, j};
assume (f
. i)
= (f
. j);
then
A25:
{(f
. i), (f
. j)}
=
{(f
. i)} by
ENUMSET1: 29;
A26: (
card J)
= 2 by
A15,
CARD_2: 57;
A27: i
in (
dom A) by
A13,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A28: J
c= (
dom A) by
A20,
ZFMISC_1: 32;
(
card (
union (A,J)))
= (
card ((A
. i)
\/ (A
. j))) by
A27,
A20,
Th6
.= (
card
{(f
. i), (f
. j)}) by
A17,
A22,
ENUMSET1: 1
.= 1 by
A25,
CARD_1: 30;
hence contradiction by
A2,
A26,
A28;
end;
end;
then for i,j be
object st i
in (
dom f) & j
in (
dom f) & (f
. i)
= (f
. j) holds i
= j;
then
A29: f is
one-to-one by
FUNCT_1:def 4;
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
in (A
. i) by
A5,
A6;
then f
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A by
A11,
A29;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:18
Th18: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) holds (ex X be
set st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A) implies A is
Hall
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
given X be
set such that
A1: X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A;
consider f be
FinSequence of F such that f
= X and
A2: (
dom A)
= (
dom f) and
A3: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
in (A
. i) and
A4: f is
one-to-one by
A1;
for J be
finite
set st J
c= (
dom A) holds (
card J)
<= (
card (
union (A,J)))
proof
let J be
finite
set;
set X = J;
set Y = (
union (A,J));
set g = (f
| X);
assume
A5: J
c= (
dom A);
then
A6: (
dom g)
= X by
A2,
RELAT_1: 62;
A7: (
dom g)
c= (
dom f) by
RELAT_1: 60;
A8: (
rng g)
c= Y
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
rng g);
then
consider a be
object such that
A9: a
in (
dom g) and
A10: x
= (g
. a) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
a
in (
dom f) by
A7,
A9;
then
reconsider a as
Element of
NAT ;
(f
. a)
in (A
. a) by
A2,
A3,
A5,
A6,
A9;
then (g
. a)
in (A
. a) by
A9,
FUNCT_1: 47;
hence thesis by
A5,
A6,
A9,
A10,
Def1;
end;
g is
one-to-one by
A4,
FUNCT_1: 52;
then (
Segm (
card X))
c= (
Segm (
card Y)) by
A6,
A8,
CARD_1: 10;
hence thesis by
NAT_1: 39;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
begin
definition
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT ;
::
HALLMAR1:def5
mode
Reduction of A,i ->
FinSequence of (
bool F) means
:
Def5: (
dom it )
= (
dom A) & (for j be
Element of
NAT st j
in (
dom A) & j
<> i holds (A
. j)
= (it
. j)) & (it
. i)
c= (A
. i);
existence
proof
take A;
thus thesis;
end;
end
definition
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
::
HALLMAR1:def6
mode
Reduction of A ->
FinSequence of (
bool F) means
:
Def6: (
dom it )
= (
dom A) & for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (it
. i)
c= (A
. i);
existence
proof
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (A
. i)
c= (A
. i);
hence thesis;
end;
end
definition
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Nat;
assume that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: (A
. i)
<>
{} ;
::
HALLMAR1:def7
mode
Singlification of A,i ->
Reduction of A means
:
Def7: (
card (it
. i))
= 1;
existence
proof
set x = the
Element of (A
. i);
(A
. i)
in (
bool F) & x
in (A
. i) by
A1,
A2,
PARTFUN1: 4;
then
reconsider E =
{x} as
Subset of F by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
reconsider G = (A
+* (i,E)) as
FinSequence of (
bool F);
A3: for j be
Element of
NAT st j
in (
dom A) holds (G
. j)
c= (A
. j)
proof
let j be
Element of
NAT ;
assume j
in (
dom A);
per cases ;
suppose
A4: j
= i;
(G
. i)
=
{x} by
A1,
FUNCT_7: 31;
hence thesis by
A2,
A4,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
end;
suppose j
<> i;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_7: 32;
end;
end;
(G
. i)
=
{x} by
A1,
FUNCT_7: 31;
then
A5: (
card (G
. i))
= 1 by
CARD_2: 42;
(
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
FUNCT_7: 30;
then G is
Reduction of A by
A3,
Def6;
hence thesis by
A5;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:19
Th19: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , C be
Reduction of A, i holds C is
Reduction of A
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , C be
Reduction of A, i;
A1: (
dom C)
= (
dom A) by
Def5;
for j be
Element of
NAT st j
in (
dom C) holds (C
. j)
c= (A
. j)
proof
let j be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A2: j
in (
dom C);
per cases ;
suppose j
= i;
hence thesis by
Def5;
end;
suppose j
<> i;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
Def5;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A1,
Def6;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:20
Th20: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set st i
in (
dom A) holds (
Cut (A,i,x)) is
Reduction of A, i
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set;
set f = (
Cut (A,i,x));
A1: (
dom f)
= (
dom A) by
Def2;
then
A2: for j be
Element of
NAT st j
in (
dom A) & j
<> i holds (A
. j)
= (f
. j) by
Def2;
assume i
in (
dom A);
then (f
. i)
= ((A
. i)
\
{x}) by
A1,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
Def5;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:21
Th21: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set st i
in (
dom A) holds (
Cut (A,i,x)) is
Reduction of A
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , x be
set;
assume i
in (
dom A);
then (
Cut (A,i,x)) is
Reduction of A, i by
Th20;
hence thesis by
Th19;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:22
Th22: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), B be
Reduction of A holds for C be
Reduction of B holds C is
Reduction of A
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), B be
Reduction of A;
let C be
Reduction of B;
A1: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (C
. i)
c= (A
. i)
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A2: i
in (
dom A);
then i
in (
dom B) by
Def6;
then
A3: (C
. i)
c= (B
. i) by
Def6;
(B
. i)
c= (A
. i) by
A2,
Def6;
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
(
dom B)
= (
dom C) by
Def6;
hence thesis by
A1,
Def6;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:23
for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , B be
Singlification of A, i st i
in (
dom A) holds (B
. i)
<>
{}
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT , B be
Singlification of A, i;
assume
A1: i
in (
dom A);
then (A
. i)
<>
{} by
Th2;
hence thesis by
A1,
Def7,
CARD_1: 27;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:24
Th24: for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i,j be
Element of
NAT , B be
Singlification of A, i, C be
Singlification of B, j st i
in (
dom A) & j
in (
dom A) & (C
. i)
<>
{} & (B
. j)
<>
{} holds C is
Singlification of A, j & C is
Singlification of A, i
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), i,j be
Element of
NAT , B be
Singlification of A, i, C be
Singlification of B, j;
assume that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: j
in (
dom A) and
A3: (C
. i)
<>
{} and
A4: (B
. j)
<>
{} ;
A5: (
dom B)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then
A6: (C
. i)
c= (B
. i) by
A1,
Def6;
A7: (A
. i)
<>
{} by
A1,
Th2;
then (
card (B
. i))
= 1 by
A1,
Def7;
then
A8: (
card (C
. i))
= 1 by
A3,
A6,
NAT_1: 25,
NAT_1: 43;
A9: (A
. j)
<>
{} by
A2,
Th2;
A10: C is
Reduction of A by
Th22;
(
card (C
. j))
= 1 by
A2,
A4,
A5,
Def7;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A7,
A9,
A10,
A8,
Def7;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:25
for F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT holds A is
Reduction of A, i
proof
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT ;
(for j be
Element of
NAT st j
in (
dom A) & j
<> i holds (A
. j)
= (A
. j)) & (A
. i)
c= (A
. i);
hence thesis by
Def5;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:26
Th26: for F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) holds A is
Reduction of A
proof
let F be
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (A
. i)
c= (A
. i);
hence thesis by
Def6;
end;
definition
let F be non
empty
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F);
assume
A1: A is
non-empty;
::
HALLMAR1:def8
mode
Singlification of A ->
Reduction of A means
:
Def8: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
card (it
. i))
= 1;
existence
proof
deffunc
F(
object) =
{ the
Element of (A
. $1)};
A2: for x be
object st x
in (
dom A) holds
F(x)
in (
bool F)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A3: x
in (
dom A);
then (A
. x)
<>
{} by
A1,
Th2;
then
A4:
{ the
Element of (A
. x)}
c= (A
. x) by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
(A
. x)
in (
bool F) by
A3,
PARTFUN1: 4;
then
{ the
Element of (A
. x)}
c= F by
A4,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
hence thesis;
end;
ex f be
Function of (
dom A), (
bool F) st for x be
object st x
in (
dom A) holds (f
. x)
=
F(x) from
FUNCT_2:sch 2(
A2);
then
consider f be
Function of (
dom A), (
bool F) such that
A5: for x be
object st x
in (
dom A) holds (f
. x)
=
F(x);
A6: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
=
{ the
Element of (A
. i)}
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume i
in (
dom f);
then i
in (
dom A) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
hence thesis by
A5;
end;
A7: (
dom f)
= (
dom A) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A8: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (f
. i)
c= (A
. i)
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A9: i
in (
dom A);
then (A
. i)
<>
{} by
A1,
Th2;
then
{ the
Element of (A
. i)}
c= (A
. i) by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
hence thesis by
A7,
A6,
A9;
end;
(
dom f)
= (
dom A) by
FUNCT_2:def 1
.= (
Seg (
len A)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
A10: f is
FinSequence by
FINSEQ_1:def 2;
(
rng f)
c= (
bool F) by
RELAT_1:def 19;
then f is
FinSequence of (
bool F) by
A10,
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
then
reconsider f as
Reduction of A by
A7,
A8,
Def6;
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
card (f
. i))
= 1
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume i
in (
dom A);
then i
in (
dom f) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then (f
. i)
=
{ the
Element of (A
. i)} by
A6;
hence thesis by
CARD_2: 42;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:27
Th27: for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), f be
Function holds f is
Singlification of A iff ((
dom f)
= (
dom A) & for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds f is
Singlification of A, i)
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
non-empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), f be
Function;
hereby
assume f is
Singlification of A;
then
reconsider f9 = f as
Singlification of A;
f9 is
Reduction of A;
hence (
dom f)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A1: i
in (
dom A);
then (
card (f9
. i))
= 1 & (A
. i)
<>
{} by
Def8;
hence f is
Singlification of A, i by
A1,
Def7;
end;
assume that
A2: (
dom f)
= (
dom A) and
A3: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds f is
Singlification of A, i;
reconsider f as
FinSequence of (
bool F) by
A3,
FINSEQ_5: 6;
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (f
. i)
c= (A
. i)
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A4: i
in (
dom A);
then f is
Singlification of A, i by
A3;
hence thesis by
A4,
Def6;
end;
then
reconsider f9 = f as
Reduction of A by
A2,
Def6;
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds (
card (f9
. i))
= 1
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A5: i
in (
dom A);
then f is
Singlification of A, i & (A
. i)
<>
{} by
A3;
hence thesis by
A5,
Def7;
end;
hence thesis by
Def8;
end;
registration
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), k be
Element of
NAT ;
cluster -> non
empty for
Singlification of A, k;
coherence
proof
let G be
Singlification of A, k;
(
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
hence thesis;
end;
end
registration
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
cluster -> non
empty for
Singlification of A;
coherence
proof
let G be
Singlification of A;
(
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
hence thesis;
end;
end
begin
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:28
Th28: for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), X be
set, B be
Reduction of A st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of B holds X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F), X be
set, B be
Reduction of A such that
A1: X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of B;
X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A
proof
consider f be
FinSequence of F such that
A2: f
= X and
A3: (
dom B)
= (
dom f) and
A4: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
in (B
. i) and
A5: f is
one-to-one by
A1;
A6: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom f) holds (f
. i)
in (A
. i)
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT such that
A7: i
in (
dom f);
A8: (f
. i)
in (B
. i) by
A4,
A7;
(
dom B)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then (B
. i)
c= (A
. i) by
A3,
A7,
Def6;
hence thesis by
A8;
end;
(
dom A)
= (
dom B) by
Def6;
hence thesis by
A2,
A3,
A5,
A6;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:29
Th29: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) st A is
Hall holds for i be
Element of
NAT st (
card (A
. i))
>= 2 holds ex x be
set st x
in (A
. i) & (
Cut (A,i,x)) is
Hall
proof
let F be
finite
set;
let A be
FinSequence of (
bool F) such that
A1: A is
Hall;
let i be
Element of
NAT such that
A2: (
card (A
. i))
>= 2;
(
Segm 2)
c= (
Segm (
card (A
. i))) by
A2,
NAT_1: 39;
then
reconsider Ai = (A
. i) as non
trivial
finite
set by
PENCIL_1: 4;
consider x,y be
object such that
A3: x
in Ai and
A4: y
in Ai and
A5: x
<> y by
ZFMISC_1:def 10;
assume
A6: for z be
set st z
in (A
. i) holds not (
Cut (A,i,z)) is
Hall;
reconsider x, y as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
not (
Cut (A,i,x)) is
Hall by
A3,
A6;
then
consider JJ1 be
finite
set such that
A7: JJ1
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) and
A8: (
card JJ1)
> (
card (
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),JJ1)));
ex J1 be
finite
set st not i
in J1 & J1
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) & (
card J1)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J1))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x})))
proof
per cases ;
suppose
A9: i
in JJ1;
set J1 = (JJ1
\
{i});
A10: (
card J1)
= ((
card JJ1)
- (
card
{i})) by
A9,
EULER_1: 4
.= ((
card JJ1)
- 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
A11: J1
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) &
{i}
misses J1 by
A7,
XBOOLE_1: 79;
(
union ((
Cut (A,i,x)),JJ1))
= ((
union (A,(JJ1
\
{i})))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x})) by
A7,
A9,
Th14;
then (
card J1)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J1))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x}))) by
A8,
A10,
SPPOL_1: 1;
hence thesis by
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 48;
end;
suppose
A12: not i
in JJ1;
take J1 = JJ1;
A13: J1
c= (
dom A) by
A7,
Def2;
(
card J1)
> (
card (
union (A,J1))) by
A8,
A12,
Th13;
hence thesis by
A1,
A13;
end;
end;
then
consider J1 be
finite
set such that
A14: not i
in J1 and
A15: J1
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,x))) and
A16: (
card J1)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J1))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x})));
not (
Cut (A,i,y)) is
Hall by
A4,
A6;
then
consider JJ2 be
finite
set such that
A17: JJ2
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,y))) and
A18: (
card JJ2)
> (
card (
union ((
Cut (A,i,y)),JJ2)));
ex J2 be
finite
set st not i
in J2 & J2
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,y))) & (
card J2)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J2))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})))
proof
per cases ;
suppose
A19: i
in JJ2;
set J2 = (JJ2
\
{i});
A20: (
card J2)
= ((
card JJ2)
- (
card
{i})) by
A19,
EULER_1: 4
.= ((
card JJ2)
- 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
A21: J2
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,y))) &
{i}
misses J2 by
A17,
XBOOLE_1: 79;
(
union ((
Cut (A,i,y)),JJ2))
= ((
union (A,(JJ2
\
{i})))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})) by
A17,
A19,
Th14;
then (
card J2)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J2))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}))) by
A18,
A20,
SPPOL_1: 1;
hence thesis by
A21,
ZFMISC_1: 48;
end;
suppose
A22: not i
in JJ2;
set J2 = JJ2;
take J2;
A23: J2
c= (
dom A) by
A17,
Def2;
(
card J2)
> (
card (
union (A,J2))) by
A18,
A22,
Th13;
hence thesis by
A1,
A23;
end;
end;
then
consider J2 be
finite
set such that
A24: not i
in J2 and
A25: J2
c= (
dom (
Cut (A,i,y))) and
A26: (
card J2)
>= (
card ((
union (A,J2))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y})));
reconsider L = (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)) as
finite
set;
A27: J2
c= (
dom A) by
A25,
Def2;
((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai)
c= (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})))
proof
let a be
object;
assume
A28: a
in ((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai);
per cases by
A28,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose a
in (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)));
then
consider j be
set such that
A29: j
in (J1
\/ J2) and
A30: j
in (
dom A) & a
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
j
in J1 or j
in J2 by
A29,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in (
union (A,J1)) or a
in (
union (A,J2)) by
A30,
Def1;
then a
in ((
union (A,J1))
\/ (
union (A,J2))) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ ((Ai
\
{x})
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in ((((
union (A,J1))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then a
in ((((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
end;
suppose a
in Ai;
then a
in ((Ai
\
{x})
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) or a
in (
union (A,J1)) or a
in (
union (A,J2)) by
A3,
A4,
A5,
Th10;
then a
in (((Ai
\
{x})
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))
\/ (
union (A,J1))) or a
in (
union (A,J2)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in ((((Ai
\
{x})
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))
\/ (
union (A,J1)))
\/ (
union (A,J2))) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ ((Ai
\
{x})
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then a
in ((((
union (A,J1))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
then a
in ((((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ (
union (A,J2)))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
end;
end;
then
A31: (
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))))
>= (
card ((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai)) by
NAT_1: 43;
(
union (A,(J1
/\ J2)))
c= ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2)))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2)));
then
consider j be
set such that
A32: j
in (J1
/\ J2) and
A33: j
in (
dom A) & x
in (A
. j) by
Def1;
j
in J2 by
A32,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
A34: x
in (
union (A,J2)) by
A33,
Def1;
j
in J1 by
A32,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then x
in (
union (A,J1)) by
A33,
Def1;
hence thesis by
A34,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
end;
then (
card ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2))))
>= (
card (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2)))) by
NAT_1: 43;
then
A35: ((
card ((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai))
+ (
card ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2)))))
>= ((
card (Ai
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))))
+ (
card (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2))))) by
XREAL_1: 7;
J1
c= (
dom A) by
A15,
Def2;
then
A36: (J1
\/ J2)
c= (
dom A) by
A27,
XBOOLE_1: 8;
A37: i
in (
dom A) by
A2,
CARD_1: 27,
FUNCT_1:def 2;
then
{i}
c= (
dom A) by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then L
c= (
dom A) by
A36,
XBOOLE_1: 8;
then (
card (
union (A,(
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)))))
>= (
card (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2))) by
A1;
then
A38: (
card (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2))))
>= (
card (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2))) by
XBOOLE_1: 4;
not i
in (J1
\/ J2) by
A14,
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then
A39: (
card (
{i}
\/ (J1
\/ J2)))
= ((
card
{i})
+ (
card (J1
\/ J2))) by
CARD_2: 40,
ZFMISC_1: 50;
(J1
/\ J2)
c= J1 & J1
c= (
dom A) by
A15,
Def2,
XBOOLE_1: 17;
then (J1
/\ J2)
c= (
dom A);
then
A40: (
card (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2))))
>= (
card (J1
/\ J2)) by
A1;
set S2 = ((
union (A,J2))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{y}));
set S1 = ((
union (A,J1))
\/ ((A
. i)
\
{x}));
((
card J1)
+ (
card J2))
>= ((
card S1)
+ (
card S2)) by
A16,
A26,
XREAL_1: 7;
then
A41: ((
card J1)
+ (
card J2))
>= ((
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))))
+ (
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
/\ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))))) by
Th1;
((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2)))
c= (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
/\ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})))
proof
let a be
object;
assume
A42: a
in ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2)));
then a
in (
union (A,J2)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
A43: a
in ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
a
in (
union (A,J1)) by
A42,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then a
in ((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x})) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence thesis by
A43,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
end;
then (
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
/\ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))))
>= (
card ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2)))) by
NAT_1: 43;
then ((
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
\/ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y}))))
+ (
card (((
union (A,J1))
\/ (Ai
\
{x}))
/\ ((
union (A,J2))
\/ (Ai
\
{y})))))
>= ((
card ((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai))
+ (
card ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2))))) by
A31,
XREAL_1: 7;
then ((
card J1)
+ (
card J2))
>= ((
card ((
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))
\/ Ai))
+ (
card ((
union (A,J1))
/\ (
union (A,J2))))) by
A41,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A44: ((
card J1)
+ (
card J2))
>= ((
card (Ai
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))))
+ (
card (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2))))) by
A35,
XXREAL_0: 2;
(
card (
union (A,((
{i}
\/ J1)
\/ J2))))
= (
card (Ai
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2))))) by
A37,
Th9;
then (
card (Ai
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))))
>= (1
+ (
card (J1
\/ J2))) by
A38,
A39,
CARD_1: 30;
then
A45: ((
card (Ai
\/ (
union (A,(J1
\/ J2)))))
+ (
card (
union (A,(J1
/\ J2)))))
>= ((1
+ (
card (J1
\/ J2)))
+ (
card (J1
/\ J2))) by
A40,
XREAL_1: 7;
((
card (J1
\/ J2))
+ (
card (J1
/\ J2)))
= ((
card J1)
+ (
card J2)) by
Th1;
then ((1
+ (
card (J1
\/ J2)))
+ (
card (J1
/\ J2)))
= (1
+ ((
card J1)
+ (
card J2)));
hence thesis by
A44,
A45,
NAT_1: 13;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:30
Th30: for F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) & A is
Hall holds ex G be
Singlification of A, i st G is
Hall
proof
let F be
finite
set, A be
FinSequence of (
bool F), i be
Element of
NAT such that
A1: i
in (
dom A) and
A2: A is
Hall;
A3: (A
. i)
<>
{} by
A1,
A2,
Th16,
CARD_1: 27;
set n = (
card (A
. i));
A4: n
>= 1 by
A1,
A2,
Th16;
defpred
P[
Element of
NAT ] means ex G be
Reduction of A st G is
Hall & (
card (G
. i))
= $1;
A5: A is
Reduction of A by
Th26;
per cases by
A4,
XXREAL_0: 1;
suppose n
= 1;
then A is
Singlification of A, i by
A1,
A5,
Def7,
CARD_1: 27;
hence thesis by
A2;
end;
suppose
A6: n
> 1;
A7: for k be
Element of
NAT st k
>= 1 &
P[(k
+ 1)] holds
P[k]
proof
let k be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A8: k
>= 1 and
A9:
P[(k
+ 1)];
consider G be
Reduction of A such that
A10: G is
Hall and
A11: (
card (G
. i))
= (k
+ 1) by
A9;
(1
+ 1)
<= (k
+ 1) by
A8,
XREAL_1: 6;
then
consider x be
set such that
A12: x
in (G
. i) and
A13: (
Cut (G,i,x)) is
Hall by
A10,
A11,
Th29;
set H = (
Cut (G,i,x));
A14: (
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then H is
Reduction of G by
A1,
Th21;
then
A15: H is
Reduction of A by
Th22;
(
card (H
. i))
= ((k
+ 1)
- 1) by
A1,
A11,
A14,
A12,
Th11
.= k;
hence thesis by
A13,
A15;
end;
A is
Reduction of A by
Th26;
then
A16: ex n be
Element of
NAT st n
> 1 &
P[n] by
A2,
A6;
P[1] from
Regr2(
A16,
A7);
then
consider G be
Reduction of A such that
A17: G is
Hall and
A18: (
card (G
. i))
= 1;
G is
Singlification of A, i by
A1,
A3,
A18,
Def7;
hence thesis by
A17;
end;
end;
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:31
Th31: for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F) st A is
Hall holds ex G be
Singlification of A st G is
Hall
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
defpred
P[
Nat] means $1
in (
dom A) implies ex g be
Singlification of A, $1 st g is
Hall & for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
<= $1 holds g is
Singlification of A, k;
assume
A1: A is
Hall;
then
A2: A is
non-empty;
A3: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat;
assume
A4:
P[k];
(k
+ 1)
in (
dom A) implies ex g be
Singlification of A, (k
+ 1) st g is
Hall & for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= (k
+ 1) holds g is
Singlification of A, l
proof
assume
A5: (k
+ 1)
in (
dom A);
per cases by
A5,
TAXONOM1: 1;
suppose
A6: k
=
0 ;
consider g be
Singlification of A, (k
+ 1) such that
A7: g is
Hall by
A1,
A5,
Th30;
for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= (k
+ 1) holds g is
Singlification of A, l by
A6,
XXREAL_0: 1;
hence thesis by
A7;
end;
suppose
A8: k
in (
dom A);
then
consider g be
Singlification of A, k such that
A9: g is
Hall and
A10: for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= k holds g is
Singlification of A, l by
A4;
(k
+ 1)
in (
dom g) by
A5,
Def6;
then
consider G be
Singlification of g, (k
+ 1) such that
A11: G is
Hall by
A9,
Th30;
A12: (
dom g)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then
A13: (
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then
A14: (G
. k)
<>
{} by
A8,
A11;
k
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
then
A15: (g
. (k
+ 1))
<>
{} by
A9,
A5,
A12;
then
reconsider G as
Singlification of A, (k
+ 1) by
A2,
A5,
A8,
A14,
Th24;
for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= (k
+ 1) holds G is
Singlification of A, l
proof
let l be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A16: 1
<= l and
A17: l
<= (k
+ 1);
(k
+ 1)
<= (
len A) by
A5,
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then l
<= (
len A) by
A17,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A18: l
in (
dom A) by
A16,
FINSEQ_3: 25;
then
A19: (G
. l)
<>
{} by
A13,
A11;
per cases by
A17,
NAT_1: 8;
suppose l
<= k;
then g is
Singlification of A, l by
A10,
A16;
hence thesis by
A2,
A5,
A15,
A18,
A19,
Th24;
end;
suppose l
= (k
+ 1);
hence thesis;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A11;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
A20:
P[
0 ]
proof
assume
0
in (
dom A);
then
consider G be
Singlification of A,
0 such that
A21: G is
Hall by
A1,
Th30;
for k be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= k & k
<=
0 holds G is
Singlification of A, k;
hence thesis by
A21;
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A20,
A3);
then (
len A)
in (
dom A) implies ex g be
Singlification of A, (
len A) st g is
Hall & for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= (
len A) holds g is
Singlification of A, l;
then
consider G be
Singlification of A, (
len A) such that
A22: G is
Hall and
A23: for l be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= l & l
<= (
len A) holds G is
Singlification of A, l by
FINSEQ_5: 6;
A24: for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom A) holds G is
Singlification of A, i
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume i
in (
dom A);
then 1
<= i & i
<= (
len A) by
FINSEQ_3: 25;
hence thesis by
A23;
end;
(
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
then G is
Singlification of A by
A2,
A24,
Th27;
hence thesis by
A22;
end;
::$Notion-Name
theorem ::
HALLMAR1:32
for F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F) holds (ex X be
set st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A) iff A is
Hall
proof
let F be non
empty
finite
set, A be non
empty
FinSequence of (
bool F);
thus (ex X be
set st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of A) implies A is
Hall by
Th18;
assume
A1: A is
Hall;
then
consider G be
Singlification of A such that
A2: G is
Hall by
Th31;
for i be
Element of
NAT st i
in (
dom G) holds (
card (G
. i))
= 1
proof
let i be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A3: i
in (
dom G);
(
dom G)
= (
dom A) by
Def6;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
Def8;
end;
then ex X be
set st X
is_a_system_of_different_representatives_of G by
A2,
Th17;
hence thesis by
Th28;
end;