mycielsk.miz
begin
begin
defpred
P[
set] means not contradiction;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:1
for x,y,z be
Real st
0
<= x holds (x
* (y
-' z))
= ((x
* y)
-' (x
* z))
proof
let x,y,z be
Real;
assume
A1: x
>=
0 ;
per cases ;
suppose
A2: (y
- z)
>=
0 ;
A3: (x
* (y
- z))
>=
0 by
A1,
A2;
thus (x
* (y
-' z))
= (x
* (y
- z)) by
A2,
XREAL_0:def 2
.= ((x
* y)
- (x
* z))
.= ((x
* y)
-' (x
* z)) by
A3,
XREAL_0:def 2;
end;
suppose
A4: (y
- z)
<
0 ;
per cases by
A1;
suppose
A5: x
=
0 ;
thus (x
* (y
-' z))
= ((x
* y)
-' (x
* z)) by
A5,
XREAL_1: 232;
end;
suppose
A6: x
>
0 ;
(x
* (y
- z))
<
0 by
A4,
A6;
then
A7: ((x
* y)
- (x
* z))
<
0 ;
thus (x
* (y
-' z))
= (x
*
0 ) by
A4,
XREAL_0:def 2
.= ((x
* y)
-' (x
* z)) by
A7,
XREAL_0:def 2;
end;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:2
Th2: for x,y,z be
Nat holds x
in ((
Segm y)
\ (
Segm z)) iff z
<= x & x
< y
proof
let x,y,z be
Nat;
hereby
assume
A1: x
in ((
Segm y)
\ (
Segm z));
not x
in (
Segm z) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence z
<= x by
NAT_1: 44;
x
in (
Segm y) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence x
< y by
NAT_1: 44;
end;
assume z
<= x & x
< y;
then x
in (
Segm y) & not x
in (
Segm z) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence x
in ((
Segm y)
\ (
Segm z)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:3
Th3: for A,B,C,D,E,X be
set st X
c= A or X
c= B or X
c= C or X
c= D or X
c= E holds X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E)
proof
let A,B,C,D,E,X be
set;
assume
A1: X
c= A or X
c= B or X
c= C or X
c= D or X
c= E;
per cases by
A1;
suppose X
c= A;
then X
c= (A
\/ B) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
then X
c= ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
then X
c= (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
hence X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
end;
suppose X
c= B;
then X
c= (A
\/ B) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
then X
c= ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
then X
c= (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
hence X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
end;
suppose X
c= C;
then X
c= ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
then X
c= (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
hence X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
end;
suppose X
c= D;
then X
c= (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
hence X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
end;
suppose X
c= E;
hence X
c= ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_1: 10;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:4
Th4: for A,B,C,D,E,x be
set holds x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) iff x
in A or x
in B or x
in C or x
in D or x
in E
proof
let A,B,C,D,E,x be
set;
hereby
assume x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E);
then x
in (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) or x
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) or x
in D or x
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in (A
\/ B) or x
in C or x
in D or x
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in A or x
in B or x
in C or x
in D or x
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
assume
A1: x
in A or x
in B or x
in C or x
in D or x
in E;
per cases by
A1;
suppose x
in A;
then x
in (A
\/ B) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose x
in B;
then x
in (A
\/ B) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose x
in C;
then x
in ((A
\/ B)
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then x
in (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose x
in D;
then x
in (((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose x
in E;
hence x
in ((((A
\/ B)
\/ C)
\/ D)
\/ E) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:5
Th5: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, x,y be
set st x
in the
carrier of R & y
in the
carrier of R &
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R holds
[y, x]
in the
InternalRel of R by
NECKLACE:def 3,
RELAT_2:def 3;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:6
Th6: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R st x
<= y holds y
<= x
proof
let R be
symmetric
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R;
assume
A1: x
<= y;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
A2: iR
is_symmetric_in cR by
NECKLACE:def 3;
A3:
[x, y]
in iR by
A1,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then x
in cR & y
in cR by
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then
[y, x]
in iR by
A2,
A3;
hence y
<= x by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
begin
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:7
Th7: for X be
set, P be
a_partition of X holds (
card P)
c= (
card X)
proof
let X be
set, P be
a_partition of X;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D1 be
set st D1
= $1 & $2
= the
Element of D1;
A1: for e be
object st e
in P holds ex u be
object st
P[e, u]
proof
let e be
object;
assume e
in P;
reconsider ee = e as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
take u = the
Element of ee;
thus
P[e, u];
end;
consider f be
Function such that
A2: (
dom f)
= P and
A3: for e be
object st e
in P holds
P[e, (f
. e)] from
CLASSES1:sch 1(
A1);
A4: f is
one-to-one
proof
let x1,x2 be
object such that
A5: x1
in (
dom f) and
A6: x2
in (
dom f) and
A7: (f
. x1)
= (f
. x2);
A8: x1
<>
{} by
A2,
A5;
A9: x2
<>
{} by
A2,
A6;
reconsider xx1 = x1, xx2 = x2 as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
P[x1, (f
. x1)] &
P[x2, (f
. x2)] by
A5,
A6,
A2,
A3;
then (f
. x1)
= the
Element of xx1 & (f
. x2)
= the
Element of xx2;
then xx1
meets xx2 by
A7,
A8,
A9,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence x1
= x2 by
A5,
A6,
A2,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
(
rng f)
c= X
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng f);
then
consider x be
object such that
A10: x
in (
dom f) and
A11: y
= (f
. x) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
P[x, (f
. x)] by
A2,
A3,
A10;
then
A12: (f
. x)
= the
Element of x;
x
<>
{} by
A2,
A10;
then (f
. x)
in x by
A12;
hence y
in X by
A10,
A2,
A11;
end;
hence (
card P)
c= (
card X) by
A2,
A4,
CARD_1: 10;
end;
definition
let X be
set, P be
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X;
::
MYCIELSK:def1
func P
| S ->
a_partition of S equals { (x
/\ S) where x be
Element of P : x
meets S };
coherence
proof
set D = { (x
/\ S) where x be
Element of P : x
meets S };
A1: D
c= (
bool S)
proof
let a be
object;
reconsider aa = a as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
assume a
in D;
then
consider x be
Element of P such that
A2: a
= (x
/\ S) and x
meets S;
aa
c= S by
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 17;
hence thesis;
end;
A3: (
union D)
= S
proof
thus (
union D)
c= S
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union D);
then
consider Y be
set such that
A4: x
in Y and
A5: Y
in D by
TARSKI:def 4;
thus x
in S by
A4,
A1,
A5;
end;
thus S
c= (
union D)
proof
let s be
object;
assume
A6: s
in S;
then s
in X;
then s
in (
union P) by
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider p be
set such that
A7: s
in p and
A8: p
in P by
TARSKI:def 4;
p
meets S by
A7,
A6,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then
A9: (p
/\ S)
in D by
A8;
s
in (p
/\ S) by
A7,
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
hence s
in (
union D) by
A9,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
end;
now
let A be
Subset of S;
assume A
in D;
then
consider x be
Element of P such that
A10: A
= (x
/\ S) and
A11: x
meets S;
consider z be
object such that
A12: z
in x and
A13: z
in S by
A11,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
reconsider Xp1 = X as non
empty
set by
A13;
reconsider Pp1 = P as
a_partition of Xp1;
thus A
<>
{} by
A12,
A13,
A10,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
let B be
Subset of S;
assume B
in D;
then
consider y be
Element of P such that
A14: B
= (y
/\ S) and y
meets S;
A15: x
in Pp1 & y
in Pp1;
per cases by
A15,
EQREL_1:def 4;
suppose x
= y;
hence A
= B or A
misses B by
A10,
A14;
end;
suppose x
misses y;
hence A
= B or A
misses B by
A10,
A14,
XBOOLE_1: 76;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
end
registration
let X be
set;
cluster
finite for
a_partition of X;
existence
proof
per cases ;
suppose X
=
{} ;
hence thesis by
EQREL_1: 45;
end;
suppose X
<>
{} ;
then
{X} is
a_partition of X by
EQREL_1: 39;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
end
registration
let X be
set, P be
finite
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X;
cluster (P
| S) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D1 be
set st D1
= $1 & $2
= (D1
/\ S);
A1: for e be
object st e
in P holds ex u be
object st
P[e, u]
proof
let e be
object;
assume e
in P;
reconsider ee = e as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
take (ee
/\ S);
thus thesis;
end;
consider f be
Function such that
A2: (
dom f)
= P and
A3: for e be
object st e
in P holds
P[e, (f
. e)] from
CLASSES1:sch 1(
A1);
A4: (
rng f) is
finite by
A2,
FINSET_1: 8;
(P
| S)
c= (
rng f)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (P
| S);
then
consider xx be
Element of P such that
A5: x
= (xx
/\ S) and
A6: xx
meets S;
consider y be
object such that y
in xx and
A7: y
in S by
A6,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
reconsider Xp1 = X as non
empty
set by
A7;
A8: P is
a_partition of Xp1;
then
P[xx, (f
. xx)] by
A3;
then x
= (f
. xx) by
A5;
hence x
in (
rng f) by
A8,
A2,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
A4;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:8
Th8: for X be
set, P be
finite
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X holds (
card (P
| S))
<= (
card P)
proof
let X be
set, P be
finite
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X;
per cases ;
suppose X
=
{} ;
then S
=
{} ;
hence (
card (P
| S))
<= (
card P);
end;
suppose X
<>
{} ;
then
reconsider Pp1 = P as
finite non
empty
set;
defpred
P[
set] means $1
meets S;
deffunc
F(
set) = ($1
/\ S);
A3: (P
| S)
= {
F(x) where x be
Element of Pp1 :
P[x] };
(
card (P
| S))
<= (
card Pp1) from
DILWORTH:sch 1(
A3);
hence thesis;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:9
Th9: for X be
set, P be
finite
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X holds (for p be
set st p
in P holds p
meets S) iff (
card (P
| S))
= (
card P)
proof
let X be
set, P be
finite
a_partition of X, S be
Subset of X;
per cases ;
suppose X
=
{} ;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A2: X
<>
{} ;
set PS = (P
| S);
reconsider Pp1 = P as
finite non
empty
set by
A2;
hereby
assume
A3: for p be
set st p
in P holds p
meets S;
set p = the
Element of P;
p
in Pp1;
then p
meets S by
A3;
then (p
/\ S)
in PS;
then
reconsider PSp1 = PS as non
empty
finite
set;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D1 be
set st D1
= $1 & $1
in P & $2
= (D1
/\ S);
A4: for x be
object st x
in P holds ex y be
object st y
in PSp1 &
P[x, y]
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A5: x
in P;
reconsider xx = x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
take (xx
/\ S);
xx
meets S by
A5,
A3;
hence thesis by
A5;
end;
consider f be
Function of P, PSp1 such that
A6: for x be
object st x
in P holds
P[x, (f
. x)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 1(
A4);
now
let x1,x2 be
object such that
A7: x1
in P and
A8: x2
in P and
A9: (f
. x1)
= (f
. x2);
reconsider xx1 = x1, xx2 = x2 as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
P[x1, (f
. x1)] by
A7,
A6;
then
A10: (f
. x1)
= (xx1
/\ S);
P[x2, (f
. x2)] by
A8,
A6;
then
A11: (f
. x2)
= (xx2
/\ S);
xx1
meets S by
A7,
A3;
then (f
. x1)
in PS by
A10,
A7;
then (f
. x1)
<>
{} ;
then
consider x be
object such that
A12: x
in (f
. x1) by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
x
in xx1 & x
in xx2 by
A12,
A9,
A10,
A11,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then xx1
meets xx2 by
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence x1
= x2 by
A7,
A8,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
then
A13: f is
one-to-one by
FUNCT_2: 19;
(
rng f)
= PSp1
proof
thus (
rng f)
c= PSp1
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng f);
then
consider x be
object such that
A14: x
in P and
A15: (f
. x)
= y by
FUNCT_2: 11;
reconsider x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
A16: x
meets S by
A3,
A14;
P[x, (f
. x)] by
A14,
A6;
then
consider D1 be
set such that
A17: D1
= x & x
in P & (f
. x)
= (D1
/\ S);
thus y
in PSp1 by
A15,
A17,
A16;
end;
thus PSp1
c= (
rng f)
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in PSp1;
then
consider p be
Element of P such that
A18: y
= (p
/\ S) and p
meets S;
A19: p
in Pp1;
P[p, (f
. p)] by
A6,
A19;
then (f
. p)
= (p
/\ S);
hence y
in (
rng f) by
A18,
A19,
FUNCT_2: 4;
end;
end;
then f is
onto by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
hence (
card (P
| S))
= (
card P) by
A13,
EULER_1: 11;
end;
assume
A20: (
card (P
| S))
= (
card P);
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D2 be
set st D2
= $2 & $1
in PS & $2
in Pp1 & $1
= (D2
/\ S);
A21: for x be
object st x
in PS holds ex y be
object st y
in Pp1 &
P[x, y]
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A22: x
in PS;
then
consider p be
Element of P such that
A23: x
= (p
/\ S) and p
meets S;
take p;
thus thesis by
A22,
A23;
end;
consider f be
Function of PS, Pp1 such that
A24: for x be
object st x
in PS holds
P[x, (f
. x)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 1(
A21);
A25: f is
one-to-one
proof
let x1,x2 be
object such that
A26: x1
in (
dom f) and
A27: x2
in (
dom f) and
A28: (f
. x1)
= (f
. x2);
A29:
P[x2, (f
. x2)] by
A27,
A24;
P[x1, (f
. x1)] by
A26,
A24;
then x1
= ((f
. x1)
/\ S);
hence x1
= x2 by
A28,
A29;
end;
f is
onto by
A20,
A25,
FINSEQ_4: 63;
then
A30: (
rng f)
= P by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
let p be
set;
assume p
in P;
then
consider ps be
object such that
A31: ps
in (
dom f) and
A32: p
= (f
. ps) by
A30,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
P[ps, (f
. ps)] by
A31,
A24;
then
A33: ps
= (p
/\ S) by
A32;
reconsider ps as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
ps is non
empty by
A31;
then ex x be
object st x
in ps;
hence p
meets S by
A33;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:10
Th10: for R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of R, S be
Subset of R holds (C
| S) is
Coloring of (
subrelstr S)
proof
let R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of R, S be
Subset of R;
set sS = (
subrelstr S);
A1: the
carrier of sS
= S by
YELLOW_0:def 15;
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in (C
| S);
then
consider c be
Element of C such that
A2: x
= (c
/\ S) and
A3: c
meets S;
consider z be
object such that z
in c and
A4: z
in S by
A3,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
A5: sS is non
empty by
A4,
YELLOW_0:def 15;
A6: R is non
empty by
A4;
reconsider Rp1 = R as non
empty
RelStr by
A4;
reconsider xp1 = x as
Subset of sS by
A1,
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 17;
xp1 is
stable
proof
let a,b be
Element of sS such that
A7: a
in xp1 and
A8: b
in xp1 and
A9: a
<> b;
A10: a
in c & b
in c by
A7,
A8,
A2,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
reconsider ap1 = a, bp1 = b as
Element of R by
A5,
A6,
YELLOW_0: 58;
C is
Coloring of Rp1;
then c
in C;
then
reconsider cp1 = c as
Subset of R;
A11: cp1 is
stable by
DILWORTH:def 12;
assume a
<= b or b
<= a;
then ap1
<= bp1 or bp1
<= ap1 by
YELLOW_0: 59;
hence contradiction by
A9,
A10,
A11;
end;
hence x is
StableSet of sS;
end;
hence (C
| S) is
Coloring of sS by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 12;
end;
begin
definition
let R be
RelStr;
::
MYCIELSK:def2
attr R is
with_finite_chromatic# means
:
Def2: ex C be
Coloring of R st C is
finite;
end
registration
cluster
with_finite_chromatic# for
RelStr;
existence
proof
take R = the
empty
RelStr;
reconsider S =
{} as
a_partition of the
carrier of R by
EQREL_1: 45;
take S;
thus S is
finite;
end;
end
registration
cluster
finite ->
with_finite_chromatic# for
RelStr;
coherence
proof
let R be
RelStr;
set cR = the
carrier of R;
assume
A1: R is
finite;
per cases ;
suppose R is
empty;
then
reconsider S =
{} as
a_partition of cR by
EQREL_1: 45;
for x be
set st x
in S holds x is
StableSet of R;
then
reconsider S as
Coloring of R by
DILWORTH:def 12;
take S;
thus S is
finite;
end;
suppose
A2: R is non
empty;
reconsider cRp1 = cR as
finite non
empty
set by
A2,
A1;
set S = (
SmallestPartition cR);
deffunc
F(
set) =
{$1};
A3: S
= {
F(x) where x be
Element of cRp1 :
P[x] } by
EQREL_1: 37;
A4: {
F(x) where x be
Element of cRp1 :
P[x] } is
finite from
PRE_CIRC:sch 1;
now
let z be
set;
assume z
in S;
then ex x be
Element of cR st z
=
{x} by
A3;
hence z is
StableSet of R by
A2,
SUBSET_1: 33;
end;
then
reconsider S as
Coloring of R by
DILWORTH:def 12;
take S;
thus thesis by
A4;
end;
end;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr;
cluster
finite for
Coloring of R;
existence by
Def2;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr, S be
Subset of R;
cluster (
subrelstr S) ->
with_finite_chromatic#;
coherence
proof
set sS = (
subrelstr S);
consider C be
Coloring of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def2;
A2: the
carrier of sS
= S by
YELLOW_0:def 15;
reconsider CS = (C
| S) as
a_partition of S;
for x be
set st x
in CS holds x is
StableSet of sS
proof
let x be
set;
assume x
in CS;
then
consider X be
Element of C such that
A3: x
= (X
/\ S) and
A4: X
meets S;
ex y be
object st y
in X & y
in S by
A4,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then X is
StableSet of R by
DILWORTH:def 12;
hence x is
StableSet of sS by
A3,
DILWORTH: 31;
end;
then CS is
Coloring of sS by
A2,
DILWORTH:def 12;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
end
definition
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr;
::
MYCIELSK:def3
func
chromatic# R ->
Nat means
:
Def3: (ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= it ) & for C be
finite
Coloring of R holds it
<= (
card C);
existence
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= $1;
consider C be
Coloring of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def2;
(
card C)
= (
card C);
then
A2: ex k be
Nat st
P[k] by
A1;
consider n be
Nat such that
A3:
P[n] and
A4: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds n
<= k from
NAT_1:sch 5(
A2);
take n;
thus ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= n by
A3;
let C be
finite
Coloring of R;
thus n
<= (
card C) by
A4;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let it1,it2 be
Nat such that
A5: ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= it1 and
A6: for C be
finite
Coloring of R holds it1
<= (
card C) and
A7: ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= it2 and
A8: for C be
finite
Coloring of R holds it2
<= (
card C);
consider C1 be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A9: (
card C1)
= it1 by
A5;
consider C2 be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A10: (
card C2)
= it2 by
A7;
it1
<= (
card C2) & it2
<= (
card C1) by
A6,
A8;
hence it1
= it2 by
A9,
A10,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
end
registration
let R be
empty
RelStr;
cluster (
chromatic# R) ->
empty;
coherence
proof
consider C be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R) by
Def3;
thus thesis by
A1;
end;
end
registration
let R be non
empty
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr;
cluster (
chromatic# R) ->
positive;
coherence
proof
ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R) by
Def3;
hence thesis;
end;
end
definition
let R be
RelStr;
::
MYCIELSK:def4
attr R is
with_finite_cliquecover# means
:
Def4: ex C be
Clique-partition of R st C is
finite;
end
registration
cluster
with_finite_cliquecover# for
RelStr;
existence
proof
take R = the
empty
RelStr;
reconsider S =
{} as
a_partition of the
carrier of R by
EQREL_1: 45;
reconsider S as
Clique-partition of R;
take S;
thus S is
finite;
end;
end
registration
cluster
finite ->
with_finite_cliquecover# for
RelStr;
coherence
proof
let R be
RelStr;
set cR = the
carrier of R;
assume
A1: R is
finite;
per cases ;
suppose R is
empty;
then
reconsider S =
{} as
a_partition of cR by
EQREL_1: 45;
for x be
set st x
in S holds x is
Clique of R;
then
reconsider S as
Clique-partition of R by
DILWORTH:def 11;
take S;
thus S is
finite;
end;
suppose
A2: R is non
empty;
reconsider cRp1 = cR as
finite non
empty
set by
A2,
A1;
set S = (
SmallestPartition cR);
deffunc
F(
set) =
{$1};
A3: S
= {
F(x) where x be
Element of cRp1 :
P[x] } by
EQREL_1: 37;
A4: {
F(x) where x be
Element of cRp1 :
P[x] } is
finite from
PRE_CIRC:sch 1;
now
let z be
set;
assume
A5: z
in S;
ex x be
Element of cR st z
=
{x} by
A5,
A3;
hence z is
Clique of R by
A2,
SUBSET_1: 33;
end;
then
reconsider S as
Clique-partition of R by
DILWORTH:def 11;
take S;
thus thesis by
A4;
end;
end;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr;
cluster
finite for
Clique-partition of R;
existence by
Def4;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr, S be
Subset of R;
cluster (
subrelstr S) ->
with_finite_cliquecover#;
coherence
proof
set sS = (
subrelstr S);
consider C be
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def4;
A2: the
carrier of sS
= S by
YELLOW_0:def 15;
reconsider CS = (C
| S) as
a_partition of S;
for x be
set st x
in CS holds x is
Clique of sS
proof
let x be
set;
assume x
in CS;
then
consider X be
Element of C such that
A3: x
= (X
/\ S) and
A4: X
meets S;
ex y be
object st y
in X & y
in S by
A4,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then X is
Clique of R by
DILWORTH:def 11;
hence x is
Clique of sS by
A3,
DILWORTH: 29;
end;
then CS is
Clique-partition of sS by
A2,
DILWORTH:def 11;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
end
definition
let R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr;
::
MYCIELSK:def5
func
cliquecover# R ->
Nat means
:
Def5: (ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= it ) & for C be
finite
Clique-partition of R holds it
<= (
card C);
existence
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= $1;
consider C be
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def4;
(
card C)
= (
card C);
then
A2: ex k be
Nat st
P[k] by
A1;
consider n be
Nat such that
A3:
P[n] and
A4: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds n
<= k from
NAT_1:sch 5(
A2);
take n;
thus ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= n by
A3;
let C be
finite
Clique-partition of R;
thus n
<= (
card C) by
A4;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let it1,it2 be
Nat such that
A5: ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= it1 and
A6: for C be
finite
Clique-partition of R holds it1
<= (
card C) and
A7: ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= it2 and
A8: for C be
finite
Clique-partition of R holds it2
<= (
card C);
consider C1 be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A9: (
card C1)
= it1 by
A5;
consider C2 be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A10: (
card C2)
= it2 by
A7;
it1
<= (
card C2) & it2
<= (
card C1) by
A6,
A8;
hence it1
= it2 by
A9,
A10,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
end
registration
let R be
empty
RelStr;
cluster (
cliquecover# R) ->
empty;
coherence
proof
consider C be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
cliquecover# R) by
Def5;
thus thesis by
A1;
end;
end
registration
let R be non
empty
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr;
cluster (
cliquecover# R) ->
positive;
coherence
proof
consider C be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
cliquecover# R) by
Def5;
thus thesis by
A1;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:11
Th11: for R be
finite
RelStr holds (
clique# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R)
proof
let R be
finite
RelStr;
consider C be
finite
Clique of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
clique# R) by
DILWORTH:def 4;
(
Segm (
card C))
c= (
Segm (
card the
carrier of R)) by
CARD_1: 11;
hence (
clique# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R) by
A1,
NAT_1: 39;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:12
for R be
finite
RelStr holds (
stability# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R)
proof
let R be
finite
RelStr;
consider C be
finite
StableSet of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
stability# R) by
DILWORTH:def 6;
(
Segm (
card C))
c= (
Segm (
card the
carrier of R)) by
CARD_1: 11;
hence (
stability# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R) by
A1,
NAT_1: 39;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:13
Th13: for R be
finite
RelStr holds (
chromatic# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R)
proof
let R be
finite
RelStr;
consider C be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R) by
Def3;
(
Segm (
card C))
c= (
Segm (
card the
carrier of R)) by
Th7;
hence (
chromatic# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R) by
A1,
NAT_1: 39;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:14
for R be
finite
RelStr holds (
cliquecover# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R)
proof
let R be
finite
RelStr;
consider C be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
cliquecover# R) by
Def5;
(
Segm (
card C))
c= (
Segm (
card the
carrier of R)) by
Th7;
hence (
cliquecover# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R) by
A1,
NAT_1: 39;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:15
Th15: for R be
with_finite_clique#
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr holds (
clique# R)
<= (
chromatic# R)
proof
let P be
with_finite_clique#
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr;
assume
A1: (
clique# P)
> (
chromatic# P);
consider A be
Clique of P such that
A2: (
card A)
= (
clique# P) by
DILWORTH:def 4;
consider C be
finite
Coloring of P such that
A3: (
card C)
= (
chromatic# P) by
Def3;
(
card (
Segm (
card C)))
= (
card C) & (
card (
Segm (
card A)))
= (
card A);
then
A4: (
card C)
in (
card A) by
A3,
A1,
A2,
NAT_1: 41;
set cP = the
carrier of P;
per cases ;
suppose P is
empty;
hence contradiction by
A1;
end;
suppose
A5: P is non
empty;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D2 be
set st D2
= $2 & $1
in A & $2
in C & $1
in D2;
A6: for x be
object st x
in A holds ex y be
object st y
in C &
P[x, y]
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A7: x
in A;
then
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of P;
cP is non
empty by
A5;
then xp1
in cP;
then x
in (
union C) by
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider y be
set such that
A8: x
in y and
A9: y
in C by
TARSKI:def 4;
take y;
thus thesis by
A7,
A8,
A9;
end;
consider f be
Function of A, C such that
A10: for x be
object st x
in A holds
P[x, (f
. x)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 1(
A6);
consider x,y be
object such that
A11: x
in A and
A12: y
in A and
A13: x
<> y and
A14: (f
. x)
= (f
. y) by
A5,
A4,
FINSEQ_4: 65;
(f
. x)
in C by
A11,
FUNCT_2: 5;
then
A15: (f
. x) is
StableSet of P by
DILWORTH:def 12;
P[x, (f
. x)] &
P[y, (f
. y)] by
A11,
A12,
A10;
then x
in (f
. x) & y
in (f
. x) by
A14;
hence contradiction by
A15,
A11,
A12,
A13,
DILWORTH: 15;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:16
for R be
with_finite_stability#
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr holds (
stability# R)
<= (
cliquecover# R)
proof
let R be
with_finite_stability#
with_finite_cliquecover#
RelStr;
assume
A1: (
stability# R)
> (
cliquecover# R);
consider A be
StableSet of R such that
A2: (
card A)
= (
stability# R) by
DILWORTH:def 6;
consider C be
finite
Clique-partition of R such that
A3: (
card C)
= (
cliquecover# R) by
Def5;
(
card (
Segm (
card C)))
= (
card C) & (
card (
Segm (
card A)))
= (
card A);
then
A4: (
card C)
in (
card A) by
A3,
A1,
A2,
NAT_1: 41;
set cR = the
carrier of R;
per cases ;
suppose R is
empty;
hence contradiction by
A1;
end;
suppose
A5: R is non
empty;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D2 be
set st D2
= $2 & $1
in A & $2
in C & $1
in D2;
A6: for x be
object st x
in A holds ex y be
object st y
in C &
P[x, y]
proof
let x be
object such that
A7: x
in A;
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of R by
A7;
cR is non
empty by
A5;
then xp1
in cR;
then x
in (
union C) by
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider y be
set such that
A8: x
in y and
A9: y
in C by
TARSKI:def 4;
take y;
thus thesis by
A7,
A8,
A9;
end;
consider f be
Function of A, C such that
A10: for x be
object st x
in A holds
P[x, (f
. x)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 1(
A6);
consider x,y be
object such that
A11: x
in A and
A12: y
in A and
A13: x
<> y and
A14: (f
. x)
= (f
. y) by
A5,
A4,
FINSEQ_4: 65;
(f
. x)
in C by
A11,
FUNCT_2: 5;
then
A15: (f
. x) is
Clique of R by
DILWORTH:def 11;
P[x, (f
. x)] &
P[y, (f
. y)] by
A11,
A12,
A10;
then x
in (f
. x) & y
in (f
. x) by
A14;
hence contradiction by
A15,
A11,
A12,
A13,
DILWORTH: 15;
end;
end;
begin
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:17
Th17: for R be
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R, a,b be
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) st x
= a & y
= b & x
<= y holds not a
<= b
proof
let R be
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R, a,b be
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) such that
A1: x
= a and
A2: y
= b;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
set iCR = the
InternalRel of CR;
A3: iCR
= ((iR
` )
\ (
id cR)) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
assume x
<= y;
then
[x, y]
in iR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then not
[x, y]
in (iR
` ) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then not
[x, y]
in iCR by
A3,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence not a
<= b by
A1,
A2,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:18
Th18: for R be
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R, a,b be
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) st x
= a & y
= b & x
<> y & x
in the
carrier of R & not a
<= b holds x
<= y
proof
let R be
RelStr, x,y be
Element of R, a,b be
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) such that
A1: x
= a and
A2: y
= b and
A3: x
<> y and
A4: x
in the
carrier of R;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
set iCR = the
InternalRel of CR;
A5: iCR
= ((iR
` )
\ (
id cR)) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
A6:
[x, y]
in
[:cR, cR:] by
A4,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
assume not a
<= b;
then
A7: not
[x, y]
in iCR by
A1,
A2,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
not
[x, y]
in (
id cR) by
A3,
RELAT_1:def 10;
then not
[x, y]
in (iR
` ) by
A5,
A7,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
[x, y]
in iR by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence x
<= y by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
registration
let R be
finite
RelStr;
cluster (
ComplRelStr R) ->
finite;
coherence
proof
the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of (
ComplRelStr R) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:19
Th19: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique of R holds C is
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R)
proof
let R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique of R;
now
let x,y be
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) such that
A1: x
in C and
A2: y
in C and
A3: x
<> y;
reconsider a = x, b = y as
Element of R by
NECKLACE:def 8;
a
<= b or b
<= a by
A1,
A2,
A3,
DILWORTH: 6;
then a
<= b & b
<= a by
Th6;
hence not x
<= y & not y
<= x by
Th17;
end;
hence C is
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R) by
DILWORTH:def 2,
NECKLACE:def 8;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:20
Th20: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique of (
ComplRelStr R) holds C is
StableSet of R
proof
let R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique of (
ComplRelStr R);
now
let x,y be
Element of R such that
A1: x
in C and
A2: y
in C and
A3: x
<> y;
reconsider a = x, b = y as
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
a
<= b or b
<= a by
A1,
A2,
A3,
DILWORTH: 6;
then a
<= b & b
<= a by
Th6;
hence not x
<= y & not y
<= x by
Th17;
end;
hence C is
StableSet of R by
DILWORTH:def 2,
NECKLACE:def 8;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:21
Th21: for R be
RelStr, C be
StableSet of R holds C is
Clique of (
ComplRelStr R)
proof
let R be
RelStr, C be
StableSet of R;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
A1: C is
Subset of CR by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let a,b be
Element of CR such that
A2: a
in C and
A3: b
in C and
A4: a
<> b;
reconsider ap1 = a, bp1 = b as
Element of R by
NECKLACE:def 8;
not ap1
<= bp1 & not bp1
<= ap1 by
A2,
A3,
A4,
DILWORTH:def 2;
hence a
<= b or b
<= a by
A2,
A4,
Th18;
end;
hence C is
Clique of (
ComplRelStr R) by
A1,
DILWORTH: 6;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:22
Th22: for R be
RelStr, C be
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R) holds C is
Clique of R
proof
let R be
RelStr, C be
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R);
A1: the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of (
ComplRelStr R) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let a,b be
Element of R such that
A2: a
in C and
A3: b
in C and
A4: a
<> b;
reconsider ap1 = a, bp1 = b as
Element of (
ComplRelStr R) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
not ap1
<= bp1 & not bp1
<= ap1 by
A2,
A3,
A4,
DILWORTH:def 2;
hence a
<= b or b
<= a by
A4,
A2,
A1,
Th18;
end;
hence C is
Clique of R by
DILWORTH: 6,
NECKLACE:def 8;
end;
registration
let R be
with_finite_clique#
RelStr;
cluster (
ComplRelStr R) ->
with_finite_stability#;
coherence
proof
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
consider C be
finite
Clique of R such that
A1: for D be
finite
Clique of R holds (
card D)
<= (
card C) by
DILWORTH:def 3;
assume not thesis;
then
A2: for A be
finite
StableSet of CR holds ex B be
finite
StableSet of CR st (
card B)
> (
card A);
defpred
P[
Nat] means ex S be
finite
StableSet of CR st (
card S)
> $1;
consider B be
finite
StableSet of CR such that
A3: (
card B)
> (
card (
{} CR)) by
A2;
A4:
P[
0 ] by
A3;
A5: for n be
Nat st
P[n] holds
P[(n
+ 1)]
proof
let n be
Nat;
assume
P[n];
then
consider S be
finite
StableSet of CR such that
A6: (
card S)
> n;
consider T be
finite
StableSet of CR such that
A7: (
card T)
> (
card S) by
A2;
(
card S)
>= (n
+ 1) by
A6,
NAT_1: 13;
then (
card T)
> (n
+ 1) by
A7,
XXREAL_0: 2;
hence
P[(n
+ 1)];
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A4,
A5);
then
consider S be
finite
StableSet of CR such that
A8: (
card S)
> (
card C);
S is
Clique of R by
Th22;
hence contradiction by
A1,
A8;
end;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_stability#
symmetric
RelStr;
cluster (
ComplRelStr R) ->
with_finite_clique#;
coherence
proof
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
consider C be
finite
StableSet of R such that
A1: for D be
finite
StableSet of R holds (
card D)
<= (
card C) by
DILWORTH:def 5;
assume not thesis;
then
A2: for C be
finite
Clique of CR holds ex D be
finite
Clique of CR st (
card D)
> (
card C);
defpred
P[
Nat] means ex S be
finite
Clique of CR st (
card S)
> $1;
consider B be
finite
Clique of CR such that
A3: (
card B)
> (
card (
{} CR)) by
A2;
A4:
P[
0 ] by
A3;
A5: for n be
Nat st
P[n] holds
P[(n
+ 1)]
proof
let n be
Nat;
assume
P[n];
then
consider S be
finite
Clique of CR such that
A6: (
card S)
> n;
consider T be
finite
Clique of CR such that
A7: (
card T)
> (
card S) by
A2;
(
card S)
>= (n
+ 1) by
A6,
NAT_1: 13;
then (
card T)
> (n
+ 1) by
A7,
XXREAL_0: 2;
hence
P[(n
+ 1)];
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A4,
A5);
then
consider S be
finite
Clique of CR such that
A8: (
card S)
> (
card C);
S is
StableSet of R by
Th20;
hence contradiction by
A1,
A8;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:23
Th23: for R be
with_finite_clique#
symmetric
RelStr holds (
clique# R)
= (
stability# (
ComplRelStr R))
proof
let R be
with_finite_clique#
symmetric
RelStr;
set k = (
stability# (
ComplRelStr R));
consider A be
finite
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R) such that
A1: (
card A)
= k by
DILWORTH:def 6;
A is
Clique of R by
Th22;
then
A2: ex C be
finite
Clique of R st (
card C)
= k by
A1;
now
let T be
finite
Clique of R;
T is
StableSet of (
ComplRelStr R) by
Th19;
hence (
card T)
<= k by
DILWORTH:def 6;
end;
hence (
clique# R)
= (
stability# (
ComplRelStr R)) by
A2,
DILWORTH:def 4;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:24
for R be
with_finite_stability#
symmetric
RelStr holds (
stability# R)
= (
clique# (
ComplRelStr R))
proof
let R be
with_finite_stability#
symmetric
RelStr;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
set k = (
clique# CR);
consider A be
finite
Clique of CR such that
A1: (
card A)
= k by
DILWORTH:def 4;
A is
StableSet of R by
Th20;
then
A2: ex C be
finite
StableSet of R st (
card C)
= k by
A1;
now
let T be
finite
StableSet of R;
T is
Clique of CR by
Th21;
hence (
card T)
<= k by
DILWORTH:def 4;
end;
hence (
stability# R)
= (
clique# (
ComplRelStr R)) by
A2,
DILWORTH:def 6;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:25
Th25: for R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of R holds C is
Clique-partition of (
ComplRelStr R)
proof
let R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of R;
A1: the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of (
ComplRelStr R) by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in C;
then x is
StableSet of R by
DILWORTH:def 12;
hence x is
Clique of (
ComplRelStr R) by
Th21;
end;
hence C is
Clique-partition of (
ComplRelStr R) by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 11;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:26
Th26: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique-partition of (
ComplRelStr R) holds C is
Coloring of R
proof
let R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique-partition of (
ComplRelStr R);
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
A1: the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of CR by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in C;
then x is
Clique of CR by
DILWORTH:def 11;
hence x is
StableSet of R by
Th20;
end;
hence C is
Coloring of R by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 12;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:27
Th27: for R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique-partition of R holds C is
Coloring of (
ComplRelStr R)
proof
let R be
symmetric
RelStr, C be
Clique-partition of R;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
A1: the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of CR by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in C;
then x is
Clique of R by
DILWORTH:def 11;
hence x is
StableSet of CR by
Th19;
end;
hence C is
Coloring of (
ComplRelStr R) by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 12;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:28
Th28: for R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of (
ComplRelStr R) holds C is
Clique-partition of R
proof
let R be
RelStr, C be
Coloring of (
ComplRelStr R);
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
A1: the
carrier of R
= the
carrier of CR by
NECKLACE:def 8;
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in C;
then x is
StableSet of CR by
DILWORTH:def 12;
hence x is
Clique of R by
Th22;
end;
hence C is
Clique-partition of R by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 11;
end;
registration
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr;
cluster (
ComplRelStr R) ->
with_finite_cliquecover#;
coherence
proof
consider C be
Coloring of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def2;
C is
Clique-partition of (
ComplRelStr R) by
Th25;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
end
registration
let R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
symmetric
RelStr;
cluster (
ComplRelStr R) ->
with_finite_chromatic#;
coherence
proof
consider C be
Clique-partition of R such that
A1: C is
finite by
Def4;
C is
Coloring of (
ComplRelStr R) by
Th27;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:29
Th29: for R be
with_finite_chromatic#
symmetric
RelStr holds (
chromatic# R)
= (
cliquecover# (
ComplRelStr R))
proof
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
symmetric
RelStr;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
set k = (
cliquecover# CR);
consider C be
finite
Clique-partition of CR such that
A1: (
card C)
= k by
Def5;
C is
Coloring of R by
Th26;
then
A2: ex C be
finite
Coloring of R st (
card C)
= k by
A1;
now
let C be
finite
Coloring of R;
assume
A3: k
> (
card C);
C is
Clique-partition of CR by
Th25;
hence contradiction by
A3,
Def5;
end;
hence (
chromatic# R)
= (
cliquecover# CR) by
A2,
Def3;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:30
for R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
symmetric
RelStr holds (
cliquecover# R)
= (
chromatic# (
ComplRelStr R))
proof
let R be
with_finite_cliquecover#
symmetric
RelStr;
set CR = (
ComplRelStr R);
set k = (
chromatic# CR);
consider C be
finite
Coloring of CR such that
A1: (
card C)
= k by
Def3;
C is
Clique-partition of R by
Th28;
then
A2: ex C be
finite
Clique-partition of R st (
card C)
= k by
A1;
now
let C be
finite
Clique-partition of R;
assume
A3: k
> (
card C);
C is
Coloring of CR by
Th27;
hence contradiction by
A3,
Def3;
end;
hence (
cliquecover# R)
= (
chromatic# CR) by
A2,
Def5;
end;
begin
definition
let R be
RelStr, v be
Element of R;
::
MYCIELSK:def6
func
Adjacent v ->
Subset of R means
:
Def6: for x be
Element of R holds x
in it iff x
< v or v
< x;
existence
proof
set D = { x where x be
Element of R : x
< v or v
< x };
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
D
c= the
carrier of R
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in D;
then
consider a be
Element of R such that
A1: x
= a and
A2: a
< v or v
< a;
per cases by
A2;
suppose a
< v;
then a
<= v by
ORDERS_2:def 6;
then
[a, v]
in iR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
[a, v]
in
[:cR, cR:];
hence x
in the
carrier of R by
A1,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
end;
suppose v
< a;
then v
<= a by
ORDERS_2:def 6;
then
[v, a]
in iR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
[v, a]
in
[:cR, cR:];
hence x
in the
carrier of R by
A1,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
end;
end;
then
reconsider D as
Subset of R;
take D;
let x be
Element of R;
hereby
assume x
in D;
then
consider a be
Element of R such that
A3: x
= a and
A4: a
< v or v
< a;
thus x
< v or v
< x by
A3,
A4;
end;
assume x
< v or v
< x;
hence x
in D;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let it1,it2 be
Subset of R such that
A5: for x be
Element of R holds x
in it1 iff x
< v or v
< x and
A6: for x be
Element of R holds x
in it2 iff x
< v or v
< x;
hereby
let x be
object;
assume
A7: x
in it1;
then
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of R;
xp1
< v or v
< xp1 by
A5,
A7;
hence x
in it2 by
A6;
end;
let x be
object;
assume
A8: x
in it2;
then
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of R;
xp1
< v or v
< xp1 by
A6,
A8;
hence x
in it1 by
A5;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:31
Th31: for R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr, C be
finite
Coloring of R, c be
set st c
in C & (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R) holds ex v be
Element of R st v
in c & for d be
Element of C st d
<> c holds ex w be
Element of R st w
in (
Adjacent v) & w
in d
proof
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr, C be
finite
Coloring of R, c be
set such that
A1: c
in C and
A2: (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R);
assume
A3: not thesis;
set cR = the
carrier of R;
A4: (
union C)
= cR by
EQREL_1:def 4;
reconsider c as
Subset of cR by
A1;
A5: c
<>
{} by
A1;
set Cc = (C
\
{c});
A6: c
in
{c} by
TARSKI:def 1;
per cases ;
suppose
A7: Cc is
empty;
consider v be
object such that
A8: v
in c by
A5,
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider v as
Element of R by
A8;
consider d be
Element of C such that
A9: d
<> c and for w be
Element of R holds not (w
in (
Adjacent v) & w
in d) by
A8,
A3;
0
= ((
card C)
- (
card
{c})) by
A1,
A7,
CARD_1: 27,
EULER_1: 4;
then (
0
+ 1)
= (((
card C)
- 1)
+ 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
then
consider x be
object such that
A10: C
=
{x} by
CARD_2: 42;
c
= x & d
= x by
A1,
A10,
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
A9;
end;
suppose Cc is non
empty;
then
reconsider Cc as non
empty
set;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D2 be
set st D2
= $2 & for vv be
Element of cR st $1
= vv holds $2
<> c & $2
in C & for w be
Element of R holds not (w
in (
Adjacent vv) & w
in D2);
A11: for e be
object st e
in c holds ex u be
object st
P[e, u]
proof
let v be
object such that
A12: v
in c;
reconsider vv = v as
Element of cR by
A12;
consider d be
Element of C such that
A13: d
<> c and
A14: for w be
Element of R holds not (w
in (
Adjacent vv) & w
in d) by
A12,
A3;
take d, d;
thus thesis by
A13,
A14,
A1;
end;
consider r be
Function such that
A15: (
dom r)
= c and
A16: for e be
object st e
in c holds
P[e, (r
. e)] from
CLASSES1:sch 1(
A11);
deffunc
DF(
set) = ($1
\/ (r
"
{$1}));
reconsider Cc as
finite non
empty
set;
set D = {
DF(d) where d be
Element of Cc :
P[d] };
consider d be
object such that
A17: d
in Cc by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider d as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
A18: (d
\/ (r
"
{d}))
in D by
A17;
A19: D
c= (
bool cR)
proof
let x be
object;
reconsider xx = x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
assume x
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of Cc such that
A20: x
= (d
\/ (r
"
{d}));
A21: (r
"
{d})
c= c by
A15,
RELAT_1: 132;
A22: (r
"
{d})
c= cR by
A21,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
d
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then xx
c= cR by
A20,
A22,
XBOOLE_1: 8;
hence x
in (
bool cR);
end;
A23: (
union D)
= cR
proof
thus (
union D)
c= cR
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union D);
then
consider Y be
set such that
A24: x
in Y and
A25: Y
in D by
TARSKI:def 4;
thus x
in cR by
A24,
A25,
A19;
end;
thus cR
c= (
union D)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A26: x
in cR;
then
consider d be
set such that
A27: x
in d and
A28: d
in C by
A4,
TARSKI:def 4;
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of cR by
A26;
per cases ;
suppose
A29: d
= c;
then
A30:
P[xp1, (r
. xp1)] by
A27,
A16;
then (r
. xp1)
<> c;
then
A31: not (r
. xp1)
in
{c} by
TARSKI:def 1;
(r
. xp1)
in C by
A30;
then
A32: (r
. xp1)
in Cc by
A31,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(r
. xp1)
in
{(r
. xp1)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then x
in (r
"
{(r
. xp1)}) by
A27,
A29,
A15,
FUNCT_1:def 7;
then
A33: x
in ((r
. xp1)
\/ (r
"
{(r
. xp1)})) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
((r
. xp1)
\/ (r
"
{(r
. xp1)}))
in D by
A32;
hence x
in (
union D) by
A33,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
suppose d
<> c;
then not d
in
{c} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then d
in Cc by
A28,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A34: (d
\/ (r
"
{d}))
in D;
x
in (d
\/ (r
"
{d})) by
A27,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in (
union D) by
A34,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
end;
end;
A35: for A be
Subset of cR st A
in D holds A
<>
{} & for B be
Subset of cR st B
in D holds A
= B or A
misses B
proof
let A be
Subset of cR;
assume A
in D;
then
consider da be
Element of Cc such that
A36: A
= (da
\/ (r
"
{da}));
A37: da
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then da is non
empty;
hence A
<>
{} by
A36;
let B be
Subset of cR;
assume B
in D;
then
consider db be
Element of Cc such that
A38: B
= (db
\/ (r
"
{db}));
A39: db
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
per cases ;
suppose da
= db;
hence A
= B or A
misses B by
A36,
A38;
end;
suppose
A40: da
<> db;
then
A41: da
misses db by
A37,
A39,
EQREL_1:def 4;
A42: (r
"
{da})
misses (r
"
{db}) by
A40,
FUNCT_1: 71,
ZFMISC_1: 11;
assume A
<> B;
assume A
meets B;
then
consider x be
object such that
A43: x
in A and
A44: x
in B by
XBOOLE_0: 3;
per cases by
A43,
A44,
A36,
A38,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in da & x
in db;
hence contradiction by
A41,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
end;
suppose that
A45: x
in da and
A46: x
in (r
"
{db});
A47: da
<> c by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(r
"
{db})
c= c by
A15,
RELAT_1: 132;
then da
meets c by
A45,
A46,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence contradiction by
A47,
A37,
A1,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
suppose that
A48: x
in (r
"
{da}) and
A49: x
in db;
A50: db
<> c by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(r
"
{da})
c= c by
A15,
RELAT_1: 132;
then db
meets c by
A48,
A49,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence contradiction by
A50,
A39,
A1,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
suppose x
in (r
"
{da}) & x
in (r
"
{db});
hence contradiction by
A42,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
end;
end;
end;
reconsider D as
a_partition of cR by
A19,
A23,
A35,
EQREL_1:def 4;
now
let x be
set;
assume
A51: x
in D;
then
reconsider S = x as
Subset of R;
consider d be
Element of Cc such that
A52: x
= (d
\/ (r
"
{d})) by
A51;
A53: (r
"
{d})
c= c by
A15,
RELAT_1: 132;
A54: d
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
A55: d is
StableSet of R by
A54,
DILWORTH:def 12;
A56: c is
StableSet of R by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 12;
S is
stable
proof
let a,b be
Element of R such that
A57: a
in S and
A58: b
in S and
A59: a
<> b;
per cases by
A57,
A58,
A52,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose a
in d & b
in d;
hence not a
<= b & not b
<= a by
A55,
A59,
DILWORTH:def 2;
end;
suppose that
A60: a
in d and
A61: b
in (r
"
{d});
(r
. b)
in
{d} by
A61,
FUNCT_1:def 7;
then
A62: (r
. b)
= d by
TARSKI:def 1;
P[b, (r
. b)] by
A53,
A61,
A16;
then not a
in (
Adjacent b) by
A60,
A62;
then not a
< b & not b
< a by
Def6;
hence not a
<= b & not b
<= a by
A59,
ORDERS_2:def 6;
end;
suppose that
A63: a
in (r
"
{d}) and
A64: b
in d;
(r
. a)
in
{d} by
A63,
FUNCT_1:def 7;
then
A65: (r
. a)
= d by
TARSKI:def 1;
P[a, (r
. a)] by
A53,
A63,
A16;
then not b
in (
Adjacent a) by
A64,
A65;
then not a
< b & not b
< a by
Def6;
hence not a
<= b & not b
<= a by
A59,
ORDERS_2:def 6;
end;
suppose a
in (r
"
{d}) & b
in (r
"
{d});
hence not a
<= b & not b
<= a by
A53,
A56,
A59,
DILWORTH:def 2;
end;
end;
hence x is
StableSet of R;
end;
then
reconsider D as
Coloring of R by
DILWORTH:def 12;
(
card Cc)
= ((
card C)
- (
card
{c})) by
A1,
EULER_1: 4;
then ((
card Cc)
+ 1)
= (((
card C)
- 1)
+ 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
then
A66: (
card Cc)
< (
card C) by
NAT_1: 13;
deffunc
FS(
set) = ($1
\/ (r
"
{$1}));
consider s be
Function such that
A67: (
dom s)
= Cc and
A68: for x be
set st x
in Cc holds (s
. x)
=
FS(x) from
FUNCT_1:sch 5;
A69: (
rng s)
c= D
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng s);
then
consider d be
object such that
A70: d
in (
dom s) and
A71: y
= (s
. d) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider d as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
y
= (d
\/ (r
"
{d})) by
A67,
A68,
A70,
A71;
hence y
in D by
A70,
A67;
end;
then
reconsider s as
Function of Cc, D by
A67,
FUNCT_2: 2;
A72: s is
one-to-one
proof
let x1,x2 be
object such that
A73: x1
in (
dom s) and
A74: x2
in (
dom s) and
A75: (s
. x1)
= (s
. x2);
reconsider x1, x2 as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
A76: (s
. x1)
= (x1
\/ (r
"
{x1})) by
A73,
A68;
A77: (s
. x2)
= (x2
\/ (r
"
{x2})) by
A74,
A68;
A78: x1
c= x2
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A79: x
in x1;
then
A80: x
in (s
. x1) by
A76,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
per cases by
A80,
A75,
A77,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in x2;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A81: x
in (r
"
{x2});
A82: (r
"
{x2})
c= (
dom r) by
RELAT_1: 132;
A83: x1
in C by
A73,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
reconsider x1 as
Subset of cR;
x1
meets c by
A82,
A81,
A15,
A79,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then x1
= c by
A83,
A1,
EQREL_1:def 4;
hence thesis by
A6,
A73,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
end;
x2
c= x1
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A84: x
in x2;
then
A85: x
in (s
. x2) by
A77,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
per cases by
A85,
A75,
A76,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in x1;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A86: x
in (r
"
{x1});
A87: (r
"
{x1})
c= (
dom r) by
RELAT_1: 132;
A88: x2
in C by
A74,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
reconsider x2 as
Subset of cR;
x2
meets c by
A87,
A86,
A15,
A84,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then x2
= c by
A88,
A1,
EQREL_1:def 4;
hence thesis by
A6,
A74,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A78,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
D
c= (
rng s)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of Cc such that
A89: x
= (d
\/ (r
"
{d}));
(s
. d)
= (d
\/ (r
"
{d})) by
A68;
hence x
in (
rng s) by
A89,
A67,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
then D
= (
rng s) by
A69;
then s is
onto by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
A90: (
card Cc)
= (
card D) by
A72,
A18,
EULER_1: 11;
then D is
finite;
hence contradiction by
A66,
A90,
A2,
Def3;
end;
end;
begin
definition
let n be
Nat;
::
MYCIELSK:def7
mode
NatRelStr of n ->
strict
RelStr means
:
Def7: the
carrier of it
= n;
existence
proof
reconsider I =
{} as
Relation of n, n by
RELSET_1: 12;
take
RelStr (# n, I #);
thus thesis;
end;
end
registration
cluster ->
empty for
NatRelStr of
0 ;
coherence by
Def7;
end
registration
let n be non
zero
Nat;
cluster -> non
empty for
NatRelStr of n;
coherence by
Def7;
end
registration
let n be
Nat;
cluster ->
finite for
NatRelStr of n;
coherence by
Def7;
cluster
irreflexive for
NatRelStr of n;
existence
proof
reconsider I =
{} as
Relation of n, n by
RELSET_1: 12;
set R =
RelStr (# n, I #);
reconsider R as
NatRelStr of n by
Def7;
R is
irreflexive;
hence thesis;
end;
end
definition
let n be
Nat;
::
MYCIELSK:def8
func
CompleteRelStr n ->
NatRelStr of n means
:
Def8: the
InternalRel of it
= (
[:n, n:]
\ (
id n));
existence
proof
[:n, n:]
c=
[:n, n:];
then
reconsider f =
[:n, n:] as
Relation of n;
reconsider R =
RelStr (# n, (f
\ (
id n)) #) as
NatRelStr of n by
Def7;
take R;
thus the
InternalRel of R
= (
[:n, n:]
\ (
id n));
end;
uniqueness
proof
let C1,C2 be
NatRelStr of n;
the
carrier of C1
= n & the
carrier of C2
= n by
Def7;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:32
Th32: for n be
Nat, x,y be
set st x
in n & y
in n holds
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of (
CompleteRelStr n) iff x
<> y
proof
let n be
Nat, x,y be
set;
assume
A1: x
in n & y
in n;
hereby
assume
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of (
CompleteRelStr n);
then
[x, y]
in (
[:n, n:]
\ (
id n)) by
Def8;
then not
[x, y]
in (
id n) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence x
<> y by
A1,
RELAT_1:def 10;
end;
assume x
<> y;
then
[x, y]
in
[:n, n:] & not
[x, y]
in (
id n) by
A1,
RELAT_1:def 10,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then
[x, y]
in (
[:n, n:]
\ (
id n)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of (
CompleteRelStr n) by
Def8;
end;
registration
let n be
Nat;
cluster (
CompleteRelStr n) ->
irreflexive
symmetric;
coherence
proof
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
A1: cR
= n by
Def7;
thus R is
irreflexive by
A1,
Th32;
thus R is
symmetric
proof
let x,y be
object;
assume x
in cR & y
in cR;
then
A2: x
in n & y
in n by
Def7;
assume
[x, y]
in iR;
hence thesis by
A2,
Th32;
end;
end;
end
registration
let n be
Nat;
cluster (
[#] (
CompleteRelStr n)) ->
clique;
coherence
proof
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
let x,y be
object;
assume x
in (
[#] R) & y
in (
[#] R);
then
A1: x
in n & y
in n by
Def7;
assume x
<> y;
hence
[x, y]
in iR or
[y, x]
in iR by
A1,
Th32;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:33
Th33: for n be
Nat holds (
clique# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= n
proof
let n be
Nat;
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
A1: (
card (
card n))
= (
card n);
(
[#] R)
= n by
Def7;
then
A2: ex C be
finite
Clique of R st (
card C)
= n by
A1;
for T be
finite
Clique of R holds (
card T)
<= n
proof
let T be
finite
Clique of R;
(
card n)
= n;
then
A3: (
card the
carrier of R)
= n by
Def7;
A4: (
card T)
<= (
clique# R) by
DILWORTH:def 4;
(
clique# R)
<= n by
A3,
Th11;
hence thesis by
A4,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
hence (
clique# R)
= n by
A2,
DILWORTH:def 4;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:34
for n be non
zero
Nat holds (
stability# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= 1
proof
let n be non
zero
Nat;
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
(
[#] R) is
Clique of R;
hence (
stability# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= 1 by
DILWORTH: 20;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:35
Th35: for n be
Nat holds (
chromatic# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= n
proof
let n be
Nat;
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
(
clique# R)
= n by
Th33;
then
A1: n
<= (
chromatic# R) by
Th15;
A2: (
chromatic# R)
<= (
card the
carrier of R) by
Th13;
(
card n)
= n;
then (
card the
carrier of R)
= n by
Def7;
hence (
chromatic# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= n by
A1,
A2,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:36
for n be non
zero
Nat holds (
cliquecover# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= 1
proof
let n be non
zero
Nat;
set R = (
CompleteRelStr n);
set cR = the
carrier of R;
reconsider C =
{cR} as
a_partition of cR by
EQREL_1: 39;
A1:
now
let x be
set;
assume x
in C;
then x
= (
[#] R) by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence x is
Clique of R;
end;
A2:
now
take C;
thus C is
finite;
thus C is
Clique-partition of R by
A1,
DILWORTH:def 11;
thus (
card C)
= 1 by
CARD_1: 30;
end;
now
let C be
finite
Clique-partition of R;
(
0
+ 1)
<= (
card C) by
NAT_1: 13;
hence 1
<= (
card C);
end;
hence (
cliquecover# (
CompleteRelStr n))
= 1 by
A2,
Def5;
end;
begin
definition
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n;
::
MYCIELSK:def9
func
Mycielskian R ->
NatRelStr of ((2
* n)
+ 1) means
:
Def9: the
InternalRel of it
= ((((the
InternalRel of R
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]);
existence
proof
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set cMR = ((2
* n)
+ 1);
set iMR = ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]);
A1: cR
= n by
Def7;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 11;
then
A2: n
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
iMR
c=
[:cMR, cMR:]
proof
let z be
object;
assume
A3: z
in iMR;
per cases by
A3,
Th4;
suppose z
in iR;
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A4: c
in (
Segm n) and
A5: d
in (
Segm n) and
A6: z
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2,
A1;
reconsider c, d as
Nat by
A4,
A5;
c
< n & d
< n by
A4,
A5,
NAT_1: 44;
then c
< cMR & d
< cMR by
A2,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then c
in (
Segm cMR) & d
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence z
in
[:cMR, cMR:] by
A6,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
end;
suppose z
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A7: z
=
[x, (y
+ n)] and
A8:
[x, y]
in iR;
x
in (
Segm n) by
A1,
A8,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then x
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then x
< cMR by
A2,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A9: x
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
y
in (
Segm n) by
A1,
A8,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then y
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (y
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
then (y
+ n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (y
+ n)
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence z
in
[:cMR, cMR:] by
A7,
A9,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
end;
suppose z
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A10: z
=
[(x
+ n), y] and
A11:
[x, y]
in iR;
y
in (
Segm n) by
A1,
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then y
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then y
< cMR by
A2,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A12: y
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
x
in (
Segm n) by
A1,
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then x
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (x
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
then (x
+ n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (x
+ n)
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence z
in
[:cMR, cMR:] by
A10,
A12,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
end;
suppose z
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):];
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A13: c
in
{(2
* n)} and
A14: d
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) and
A15: z
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A16: c
= (2
* n) by
A13,
TARSKI:def 1;
reconsider c as
Nat by
A13,
TARSKI:def 1;
c
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
A16,
NAT_1: 13;
then
A17: c
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
reconsider d as
Nat by
A14;
d
< (2
* n) by
A14,
Th2;
then d
< cMR by
NAT_1: 13;
then d
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence z
in
[:cMR, cMR:] by
A17,
A15,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
end;
suppose z
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:];
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A18: c
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) and
A19: d
in
{(2
* n)} and
A20: z
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A21: d
= (2
* n) by
A19,
TARSKI:def 1;
reconsider d as
Nat by
A19,
TARSKI:def 1;
d
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
A21,
NAT_1: 13;
then
A22: d
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
reconsider c as
Nat by
A18;
c
< (2
* n) by
A18,
Th2;
then c
< cMR by
NAT_1: 13;
then c
in (
Segm cMR) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence z
in
[:cMR, cMR:] by
A22,
A20,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
end;
end;
then
reconsider iMR as
Relation of cMR;
set MR =
RelStr (# cMR, iMR #);
take MR;
thus the
carrier of MR
= ((2
* n)
+ 1);
thus the
InternalRel of MR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]);
end;
uniqueness
proof
let A,B be
NatRelStr of ((2
* n)
+ 1);
the
carrier of A
= ((2
* n)
+ 1) & the
carrier of B
= ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
Def7;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:37
Th37: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n holds the
carrier of R
c= the
carrier of (
Mycielskian R)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n;
A1: the
carrier of R
= n by
Def7;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 12;
then n
<= ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 12;
then (
Segm n)
c= (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 39;
hence the
carrier of R
c= the
carrier of (
Mycielskian R) by
A1,
Def7;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:38
Th38: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, x,y be
Nat st
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) holds x
< n & y
< n or x
< n & n
<= y & y
< (2
* n) or n
<= x & x
< (2
* n) & y
< n or x
= (2
* n) & n
<= y & y
< (2
* n) or n
<= x & x
< (2
* n) & y
= (2
* n)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, a,b be
Nat;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
defpred
LHS[] means
[a, b]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R);
defpred
RHS[] means a
< n & b
< n or a
< n & n
<= b & b
< (2
* n) or n
<= a & a
< (2
* n) & b
< n or a
= (2
* n) & n
<= b & b
< (2
* n) or n
<= a & a
< (2
* n) & b
= (2
* n);
A1: the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R)
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
assume
A2:
LHS[];
per cases by
A2,
A1,
Th4;
suppose
[a, b]
in iR;
then a
in cR & b
in cR by
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then a
in (
Segm n) & b
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
hence
RHS[] by
NAT_1: 44;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A3:
[x, (y
+ n)]
=
[a, b] and
A4:
[x, y]
in iR;
y
in cR by
A4,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then y
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then y
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then
A5: (y
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
x
in cR by
A4,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then x
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then x
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
hence
RHS[] by
A5,
A3,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A6:
[(x
+ n), y]
=
[a, b] and
A7:
[x, y]
in iR;
x
in cR by
A7,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then x
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then x
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then
A8: (x
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
y
in cR by
A7,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then y
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then y
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
hence
RHS[] by
A8,
A6,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
end;
suppose
A9:
[a, b]
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):];
A10: b
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) by
A9,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
a
in
{(2
* n)} by
A9,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
hence
RHS[] by
A10,
Th2,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
suppose
A11:
[a, b]
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:];
A12: a
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) by
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
b
in
{(2
* n)} by
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
hence
RHS[] by
A12,
Th2,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:39
Th39: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n holds the
InternalRel of R
c= the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n;
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
hence iR
c= iMR by
Th3;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:40
Th40: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, x,y be
set st x
in (
Segm n) & y
in (
Segm n) &
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) holds
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, a,b be
set such that
A1: a
in (
Segm n) and
A2: b
in (
Segm n) and
A3:
[a, b]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R);
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
A4: iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
per cases by
A3,
A4,
Th4;
suppose
[a, b]
in iR;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A5:
[a, b]
=
[x, (y
+ n)] and
[x, y]
in iR;
b
= (y
+ n) by
A5,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then (y
+ n)
< n by
A2,
NAT_1: 44;
then y
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then y
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A6:
[a, b]
=
[(x
+ n), y] and
[x, y]
in iR;
a
= (x
+ n) by
A6,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then (x
+ n)
< n by
A1,
NAT_1: 44;
then x
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then x
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):];
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A7: c
in
{(2
* n)} and d
in ((2
* n)
\ n) and
A8:
[a, b]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A9: c
= (2
* n) by
A7,
TARSKI:def 1;
A10: c
= a by
A8,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
(n
+ n)
< n by
A1,
A10,
A9,
NAT_1: 44;
then n
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then n
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, b]
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:];
then
consider c,d be
object such that c
in ((2
* n)
\ n) and
A11: d
in
{(2
* n)} and
A12:
[a, b]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A13: d
= (2
* n) by
A11,
TARSKI:def 1;
A14: d
= b by
A12,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
(n
+ n)
< n by
A2,
A14,
A13,
NAT_1: 44;
then n
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then n
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:41
Th41: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, x,y be
Nat st
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R holds
[x, (y
+ n)]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) &
[(x
+ n), y]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, a,b be
Nat such that
A1:
[a, b]
in the
InternalRel of R;
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
A2: iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
reconsider ap1 = a, bp1 = b as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
[ap1, (bp1
+ n)]
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR } by
A1;
hence
[a, (b
+ n)]
in iMR by
A2,
Th4;
[(ap1
+ n), bp1]
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR } by
A1;
hence
[(a
+ n), b]
in iMR by
A2,
Th4;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:42
Th42: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, x,y be
Nat st x
in (
Segm n) &
[x, (y
+ n)]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) holds
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, a,b be
Nat;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
assume that
A1: a
in (
Segm n) and
A2:
[a, (b
+ n)]
in iMR;
A3: iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
per cases by
A2,
A3,
Th4;
suppose
[a, (b
+ n)]
in iR;
then (b
+ n)
in cR by
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then (b
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then (b
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then b
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then b
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, (b
+ n)]
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A4:
[a, (b
+ n)]
=
[x, (y
+ n)] and
A5:
[x, y]
in iR;
(b
+ n)
= (y
+ n) by
A4,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
hence
[a, b]
in iR by
A5,
A4,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
end;
suppose
[a, (b
+ n)]
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A6:
[a, (b
+ n)]
=
[(x
+ n), y] and
A7:
[x, y]
in iR;
(b
+ n)
= y by
A6,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then (b
+ n)
in cR by
A7,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then (b
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then (b
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then b
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then b
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, (b
+ n)]
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):];
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A8: c
in
{(2
* n)} and d
in ((2
* n)
\ n) and
A9:
[a, (b
+ n)]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A10: c
= (2
* n) by
A8,
TARSKI:def 1;
A11: c
= a by
A9,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
(n
+ n)
< n by
A1,
A11,
A10,
NAT_1: 44;
then n
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then n
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[a, (b
+ n)]
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:];
then
consider c,d be
object such that
A12: c
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) and d
in
{(2
* n)} and
A13:
[a, (b
+ n)]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
c
= a by
A13,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then n
<= a by
A12,
Th2;
hence
[a, b]
in iR by
A1,
NAT_1: 44;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:43
Th43: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, x,y be
Nat st y
in (
Segm n) &
[(x
+ n), y]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) holds
[x, y]
in the
InternalRel of R
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, a,b be
Nat;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
assume that
A1: b
in (
Segm n) and
A2:
[(a
+ n), b]
in iMR;
A3: iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
per cases by
A2,
A3,
Th4;
suppose
[(a
+ n), b]
in iR;
then (a
+ n)
in cR by
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then (a
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then (a
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then a
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then a
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[(a
+ n), b]
in {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A4:
[(a
+ n), b]
=
[x, (y
+ n)] and
A5:
[x, y]
in iR;
(a
+ n)
= x by
A4,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then (a
+ n)
in cR by
A5,
ZFMISC_1: 87;
then (a
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then (a
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then a
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then a
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
suppose
[(a
+ n), b]
in {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR };
then
consider x,y be
Element of
NAT such that
A6:
[(a
+ n), b]
=
[(x
+ n), y] and
A7:
[x, y]
in iR;
(a
+ n)
= (x
+ n) by
A6,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
hence
[a, b]
in iR by
A7,
A6,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
end;
suppose
[(a
+ n), b]
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):];
then
consider c,d be
object such that c
in
{(2
* n)} and
A8: d
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) and
A9:
[(a
+ n), b]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
b
= d by
A9,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then n
<= b by
A8,
Th2;
hence
[a, b]
in iR by
A1,
NAT_1: 44;
end;
suppose
[(a
+ n), b]
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:];
then
consider c,d be
object such that c
in ((2
* n)
\ n) and
A10: d
in
{(2
* n)} and
A11:
[(a
+ n), b]
=
[c, d] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A12: d
= (2
* n) by
A10,
TARSKI:def 1;
d
= b by
A11,
XTUPLE_0: 1;
then (n
+ n)
< n by
A1,
A12,
NAT_1: 44;
then n
< (n
- n) by
XREAL_1: 20;
then n
<
0 ;
hence
[a, b]
in iR;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:44
Th44: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, m be
Nat st n
<= m & m
< (2
* n) holds
[m, (2
* n)]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R) &
[(2
* n), m]
in the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian R)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, m be
Nat such that
A1: n
<= m and
A2: m
< (2
* n);
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
A3: iMR
= ((((iR
\/ {
[x, (y
+ n)] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/ {
[(x
+ n), y] where x,y be
Element of
NAT :
[x, y]
in iR })
\/
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):])
\/
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:]) by
Def9;
A4: m
in ((
Segm (2
* n))
\ (
Segm n)) by
A1,
A2,
Th2;
A5: (2
* n)
in
{(2
* n)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
[m, (2
* n)]
in
[:((2
* n)
\ n),
{(2
* n)}:] by
A4,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
hence
[m, (2
* n)]
in iMR by
A3,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
[(2
* n), m]
in
[:
{(2
* n)}, ((2
* n)
\ n):] by
A4,
A5,
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
hence
[(2
* n), m]
in iMR by
A3,
Th4;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:45
Th45: for n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, S be
Subset of (
Mycielskian R) st S
= n holds R
= (
subrelstr S)
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of n, S be
Subset of (
Mycielskian R) such that
A1: S
= n;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set sS = (
subrelstr S);
set csS = the
carrier of sS;
set isS = the
InternalRel of sS;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set cMR = the
carrier of MR, iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
A2: cR
= n by
Def7;
A3: csS
= n by
A1,
YELLOW_0:def 15;
A4: iR
= isS
proof
thus iR
c= isS
proof
let z be
object;
assume
A5: z
in iR;
then
consider x,y be
object such that
A6: x
in cR and
A7: y
in cR and
A8: z
=
[x, y] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
cR
c= cMR by
Th37;
then
reconsider xMR = x, yMR = y as
Element of MR by
A6,
A7;
reconsider xsS = x, ysS = y as
Element of sS by
A6,
A7,
Def7,
A3;
iR
c= iMR by
Th39;
then xMR
<= yMR by
A5,
A8,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then xsS
<= ysS by
A3,
A2,
A7,
YELLOW_0: 60;
hence z
in isS by
A8,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
thus isS
c= iR
proof
let z be
object;
assume
A9: z
in isS;
then
consider x,y be
object such that
A10: x
in (
Segm n) and
A11: y
in (
Segm n) and
A12: z
=
[x, y] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2,
A3;
cR
c= cMR by
Th37;
then
reconsider xMR = x, yMR = y as
Element of MR by
A10,
A11,
A2;
reconsider xsS = x, ysS = y as
Element of sS by
A10,
A11,
A3;
xsS
<= ysS by
A9,
A12,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then xMR
<= yMR by
YELLOW_0: 59;
then z
in iMR by
A12,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
hence z
in iR by
A10,
A11,
A12,
Th40;
end;
end;
thus R
= (
subrelstr S) by
Def7,
A3,
A4;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:46
Th46: for n be
Nat, R be
irreflexive
NatRelStr of n st 2
<= (
clique# R) holds (
clique# R)
= (
clique# (
Mycielskian R))
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
irreflexive
NatRelStr of n such that
A1: 2
<= (
clique# R) and
A2: (
clique# R)
<> (
clique# (
Mycielskian R));
set cR = the
carrier of R;
set iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set cMR = the
carrier of MR;
set iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
set cnMR = (
clique# MR);
A3: cR
= n by
Def7;
A4: cR
c= cMR by
Th37;
consider C be
finite
Clique of R such that
A5: (
card C)
= (
clique# R) by
DILWORTH:def 4;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 11;
then n
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (
Segm n)
c= (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 39;
then
reconsider S = n as
Subset of MR by
Def7;
A6: R
= (
subrelstr S) by
Th45;
then C is
Clique of MR by
DILWORTH: 28;
then (
card C)
<= cnMR by
DILWORTH:def 4;
then
A7: (
clique# R)
< cnMR by
A2,
A5,
XXREAL_0: 1;
then 2
< cnMR by
A1,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A8: (2
+ 1)
<= cnMR by
NAT_1: 13;
consider D be
finite
Clique of MR such that
A9: (
card D)
= cnMR by
DILWORTH:def 4;
per cases ;
suppose
A10: D
c= n;
(D
/\ S) is
Clique of R by
A6,
DILWORTH: 29;
then D is
Clique of R by
A10,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
hence contradiction by
A9,
A7,
DILWORTH:def 4;
end;
suppose not D
c= n;
then
consider x be
object such that
A11: x
in D and
A12: not x
in (
Segm n);
x
in cMR by
A11;
then
A13: x
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
Def7;
reconsider x as
Nat by
A13;
reconsider xp1 = x as
Element of MR by
A11;
A14: x
>= n by
A12,
NAT_1: 44;
x
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
A13,
NAT_1: 44;
then
A15: x
<= (2
* n) by
NAT_1: 13;
A16: for y be
set st y
in D & x
<> y holds y
in (
Segm n)
proof
let y be
set such that
A17: y
in D and
A18: x
<> y and
A19: not y
in (
Segm n);
y
in cMR by
A17;
then
A20: y
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
Def7;
reconsider y as
Nat by
A20;
reconsider yp1 = y as
Element of MR by
A17;
A21: y
>= n by
A19,
NAT_1: 44;
y
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
A20,
NAT_1: 44;
then
A22: y
<= (2
* n) by
NAT_1: 13;
set DD = (D
\
{x, y});
{x, y}
c= D by
A17,
A11,
ZFMISC_1: 32;
then
A23: (
card DD)
= ((
card D)
- (
card
{x, y})) by
CARD_2: 44;
((1
+ 2)
- 2)
<= ((
card D)
- 2) by
A8,
A9,
XREAL_1: 9;
then 1
<= (
card DD) by
A23,
A18,
CARD_2: 57;
then
consider z be
object such that
A24: z
in DD by
CARD_1: 27,
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
A25: z
in D by
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
A26: z
in cMR by
A24;
reconsider zp1 = z as
Element of MR by
A24;
A27: z
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
A26,
Def7;
reconsider z as
Nat by
A27;
x
in
{x, y} by
TARSKI:def 2;
then
A28: z
<> x by
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
y
in
{x, y} by
TARSKI:def 2;
then
A29: z
<> y by
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
per cases by
A15,
A22,
XXREAL_0: 1;
suppose
A30: x
< (2
* n) & y
< (2
* n);
xp1
<= yp1 or yp1
<= xp1 by
A11,
A17,
A18,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[x, y]
in iMR or
[y, x]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
hence contradiction by
A14,
A30,
A21,
Th38;
end;
suppose
A31: x
< (2
* n) & y
= (2
* n);
xp1
<= zp1 or zp1
<= xp1 by
A28,
A25,
A11,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
A32:
[x, z]
in iMR or
[z, x]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
yp1
<= zp1 or zp1
<= yp1 by
A29,
A25,
A17,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[y, z]
in iMR or
[z, y]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then n
<= z & z
< (2
* n) by
A31,
A21,
Th38;
hence contradiction by
A32,
A31,
A14,
Th38;
end;
suppose
A33: x
= (2
* n) & y
< (2
* n);
yp1
<= zp1 or zp1
<= yp1 by
A29,
A25,
A17,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
A34:
[y, z]
in iMR or
[z, y]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
xp1
<= zp1 or zp1
<= xp1 by
A28,
A25,
A11,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[x, z]
in iMR or
[z, x]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then n
<= z & z
< (2
* n) by
A33,
A14,
Th38;
hence contradiction by
A34,
A33,
A21,
Th38;
end;
suppose x
= (2
* n) & y
= (2
* n);
hence contradiction by
A18;
end;
end;
A35: (
card (D
\
{x}))
= ((
card D)
- (
card
{x})) by
A11,
EULER_1: 4
.= ((
card D)
- 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
per cases by
A15,
XXREAL_0: 1;
suppose
A36: x
< (2
* n);
consider xx be
Nat such that
A37: x
= (n
+ xx) by
A14,
NAT_1: 10;
(n
+ xx)
< (n
+ n) by
A36,
A37;
then
A38: xx
< n by
XREAL_1: 6;
then
A39: xx
in (
Segm n) by
NAT_1: 44;
reconsider xxp1 = xx as
Element of MR by
A39,
A4,
A3;
A40:
now
assume xx
in D;
then xp1
<= xxp1 or xxp1
<= xp1 by
A11,
A38,
A14,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[x, xx]
in iMR or
[xx, x]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
[xx, xx]
in iR or
[xx, xx]
in iR by
A39,
A37,
Th42,
Th43;
hence contradiction by
A39,
A3,
NECKLACE:def 5;
end;
set DD = ((D
\
{x})
\/
{xx});
DD
c= cR
proof
let a be
object;
assume a
in DD;
then a
in (D
\
{x}) or a
in
{xx} by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then a
in D & not a
in
{x} or a
= xx by
TARSKI:def 1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then a
in D & a
<> x or a
= xx by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence a
in cR by
A38,
A16,
A3,
NAT_1: 44;
end;
then
reconsider DD as
Subset of R;
now
let a,b be
Element of R such that
A41: a
in DD and
A42: b
in DD and
A43: a
<> b;
a
in (D
\
{x}) or a
in
{xx} by
A41,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then
A44: a
in D & not a
in
{x} or a
= xx by
TARSKI:def 1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
b
in (D
\
{x}) or b
in
{xx} by
A42,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then
A45: b
in D & not b
in
{x} or b
= xx by
TARSKI:def 1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
A46: a
in cR & b
in cR by
A41;
then a
in (
Segm n) & b
in (
Segm n) by
A3;
then
reconsider an = a, bn = b as
Nat;
reconsider ap1 = a, bp1 = b as
Element of MR by
A46,
A4;
per cases by
A43,
A44,
A45,
TARSKI:def 1;
suppose
A47: a
in D & a
<> x & b
in D & b
<> x;
ap1
<= bp1 or bp1
<= ap1 by
A47,
A43,
DILWORTH: 6;
hence a
<= b or b
<= a by
A6,
A41,
YELLOW_0: 60;
end;
suppose
A48: a
in D & a
<> x & b
= xx;
ap1
<= xp1 or xp1
<= ap1 by
A48,
A11,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[ap1, x]
in iMR or
[x, ap1]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
[an, xx]
in iR or
[xx, an]
in iR by
A3,
A37,
Th42,
Th43,
A39;
hence a
<= b or b
<= a by
A48,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
suppose
A49: a
= xx & b
in D & b
<> x;
bp1
<= xp1 or xp1
<= bp1 by
A49,
A11,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
[bp1, x]
in iMR or
[x, bp1]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
[bn, xx]
in iR or
[xx, bn]
in iR by
A3,
A37,
Th42,
Th43,
A39;
hence a
<= b or b
<= a by
A49,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
end;
then
reconsider DD as
Clique of R by
DILWORTH: 6;
A50: not xx
in (D
\
{x}) by
A40,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(
card DD)
= (((
card D)
- 1)
+ 1) by
A50,
A35,
CARD_2: 41
.= (
card D);
hence contradiction by
A9,
A7,
DILWORTH:def 4;
end;
suppose
A51: x
= (2
* n);
((2
+ 1)
- 1)
<= ((
card D)
- 1) by
A9,
A8,
XREAL_1: 9;
then (
Segm 2)
c= (
Segm (
card (D
\
{x}))) by
A35,
NAT_1: 39;
then
consider y,z be
object such that
A52: y
in (D
\
{x}) and z
in (D
\
{x}) and y
<> z by
PENCIL_1: 2;
A53: y
in D by
A52,
ZFMISC_1: 56;
A54: x
<> y by
A52,
ZFMISC_1: 56;
y
in the
carrier of MR by
A52;
then y
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
Def7;
then
reconsider y as
Nat;
reconsider yp1 = y as
Element of MR by
A52;
yp1
<= xp1 or xp1
<= yp1 by
A54,
A53,
A11,
DILWORTH: 6;
then
A55:
[y, x]
in iMR or
[x, y]
in iMR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
y
in (
Segm n) by
A16,
A53,
A54;
then
A56: y
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 11;
hence contradiction by
A55,
A51,
A56,
Th38;
end;
end;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:47
Th47: for R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr, S be
Subset of R holds (
chromatic# R)
>= (
chromatic# (
subrelstr S))
proof
let R be
with_finite_chromatic#
RelStr, S be
Subset of R;
consider C be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A1: (
card C)
= (
chromatic# R) by
Def3;
(C
| S) is
Coloring of (
subrelstr S) by
Th10;
then
A2: (
card (C
| S))
>= (
chromatic# (
subrelstr S)) by
Def3;
(
card C)
>= (
card (C
| S)) by
Th8;
hence (
chromatic# R)
>= (
chromatic# (
subrelstr S)) by
A1,
A2,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:48
Th48: for n be
Nat, R be
irreflexive
NatRelStr of n holds (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian R))
= (1
+ (
chromatic# R))
proof
let n be
Nat, R be
irreflexive
NatRelStr of n;
set cR = the
carrier of R, iR = the
InternalRel of R;
set cnR = (
chromatic# R);
set MR = (
Mycielskian R);
set cnMR = (
chromatic# MR);
set cMR = the
carrier of MR, iMR = the
InternalRel of MR;
A1: cR
= (
Segm n) by
Def7;
A2: ex C be
finite
Coloring of MR st (
card C)
= (1
+ cnR)
proof
consider C be
finite
Coloring of R such that
A3: (
card C)
= cnR by
Def3;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means ex D1 be
set st D1
= $1 & $2
= { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in D1 };
A4: for e be
object st e
in C holds ex u be
object st
P[e, u]
proof
let e be
object such that e
in C;
reconsider ee = e as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
take u = { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in ee };
thus thesis;
end;
consider r be
Function such that (
dom r)
= C and
A5: for e be
object st e
in C holds
P[e, (r
. e)] from
CLASSES1:sch 1(
A4);
set D = { (d
\/ (r
. d)) where d be
Element of C : d
in C };
A6: (
card D)
= (
card C)
proof
per cases ;
suppose
A7: D is
empty;
now
assume C is non
empty;
then
consider c be
object such that
A8: c
in C;
reconsider c as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
(c
\/ (r
. c))
in D by
A8;
hence contradiction by
A7;
end;
hence thesis by
A7;
end;
suppose
A9: D is non
empty;
defpred
R[
object,
object] means ex D1 be
set st D1
= $1 & $2
= (D1
\/ (r
. $1));
A10: for e be
object st e
in C holds ex u be
object st
R[e, u]
proof
let e be
object such that e
in C;
reconsider ee = e as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
take u = (ee
\/ (r
. e));
thus thesis;
end;
consider s be
Function such that
A11: (
dom s)
= C and
A12: for e be
object st e
in C holds
R[e, (s
. e)] from
CLASSES1:sch 1(
A10);
A13: (
rng s)
c= D
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng s);
then
consider x be
object such that
A14: x
in (
dom s) and
A15: y
= (s
. x) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
R[x, (s
. x)] by
A14,
A11,
A12;
then y
= (x
\/ (r
. x)) by
A15;
hence y
in D by
A14,
A11;
end;
then
reconsider s as
Function of C, D by
A11,
FUNCT_2: 2;
D
c= (
rng s)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in D;
then
consider c be
Element of C such that
A16: x
= (c
\/ (r
. c)) and
A17: c
in C;
R[c, (s
. c)] by
A17,
A12;
then x
= (s
. c) by
A16;
hence x
in (
rng s) by
A17,
A11,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
then (
rng s)
= D by
A13;
then
A18: s is
onto by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
s is
one-to-one
proof
let x1,x2 be
object such that
A19: x1
in (
dom s) and
A20: x2
in (
dom s) and
A21: (s
. x1)
= (s
. x2);
reconsider x1, x2 as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
R[x1, (s
. x1)] by
A19,
A12;
then
A22: (s
. x1)
= (x1
\/ (r
. x1));
R[x2, (s
. x2)] by
A20,
A12;
then
A23: (s
. x2)
= (x2
\/ (r
. x2));
A24: x1
c= x2
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A25: x
in x1;
A26: x
in (s
. x1) by
A22,
A25,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
per cases by
A26,
A21,
A23,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in x2;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A27: x
in (r
. x2);
P[x2, (r
. x2)] by
A5,
A20;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in x2 } by
A27;
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A28: x
= (m
+ n) and m
in x2;
(m
+ n)
in (
Segm (
0
+ n)) by
A25,
A28,
A19,
A11,
A1;
then (m
+ n)
< (
0
+ n) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence thesis by
XREAL_1: 6;
end;
end;
x2
c= x1
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A29: x
in x2;
A30: x
in (s
. x2) by
A23,
A29,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
per cases by
A30,
A21,
A22,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in x1;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A31: x
in (r
. x1);
P[x1, (r
. x1)] by
A5,
A19;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in x1 } by
A31;
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A32: x
= (m
+ n) and m
in x1;
(m
+ n)
in (
Segm (
0
+ n)) by
A29,
A32,
A20,
A11,
A1;
then (m
+ n)
< (
0
+ n) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence thesis by
XREAL_1: 6;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
hence thesis by
A18,
A9,
EULER_1: 11;
end;
end;
then
A33: D is
finite;
set E = (D
\/
{
{(2
* n)}});
A34: (
union E)
c= cMR
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union E);
then
consider Y be
set such that
A35: x
in Y and
A36: Y
in E by
TARSKI:def 4;
per cases by
A36,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose Y
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of C such that
A37: Y
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A38: d
in C;
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A38,
A5;
then
A39: (r
. d)
= { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d };
per cases by
A35,
A37,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A40: x
in d;
then x
in (
Segm n) by
A38,
A1;
then
reconsider a = x as
Nat;
a
in (
Segm n) by
A40,
A38,
A1;
then a
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (a
+
0 )
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 8;
then a
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then a
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence x
in cMR by
Def7;
end;
suppose x
in (r
. d);
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A41: x
= (m
+ n) and
A42: m
in d by
A39;
m
in (
Segm n) by
A42,
A38,
A1;
then m
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (m
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
then (m
+ n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then x
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
A41,
NAT_1: 44;
hence x
in cMR by
Def7;
end;
end;
suppose Y
in
{
{(2
* n)}};
then Y
=
{(2
* n)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A43: x
= (2
* n) by
A35,
TARSKI:def 1;
(2
* n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (2
* n)
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence x
in cMR by
A43,
Def7;
end;
end;
A44: E
c= (
bool cMR)
proof
let X be
object;
reconsider XX = X as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
assume
A45: X
in E;
XX
c= cMR
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in XX;
then x
in (
union E) by
A45,
TARSKI:def 4;
hence x
in cMR by
A34;
end;
hence X
in (
bool cMR);
end;
A46: (
union E)
= cMR
proof
thus (
union E)
c= cMR by
A34;
thus cMR
c= (
union E)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in cMR;
then
A47: x
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
Def7;
then
reconsider a = x as
Nat;
a
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
A47,
NAT_1: 44;
then
A48: a
<= (2
* n) by
NAT_1: 13;
per cases ;
suppose a
< n;
then a
in (
Segm n) by
NAT_1: 44;
then a
in (
union C) by
A1,
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider c be
set such that
A49: a
in c and
A50: c
in C by
TARSKI:def 4;
A51: x
in (c
\/ (r
. c)) by
A49,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
(c
\/ (r
. c))
in D by
A50;
then (c
\/ (r
. c))
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in (
union E) by
A51,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
suppose
A52: a
>= n;
per cases by
A48,
XXREAL_0: 1;
suppose
A53: a
< (n
+ n);
consider b be
Nat such that
A54: a
= (n
+ b) by
A52,
NAT_1: 10;
reconsider b as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
b
< n by
A54,
A53,
XREAL_1: 6;
then b
in (
Segm n) by
NAT_1: 44;
then b
in (
union C) by
EQREL_1:def 4,
A1;
then
consider c be
set such that
A55: b
in c and
A56: c
in C by
TARSKI:def 4;
P[c, (r
. c)] by
A56,
A5;
then (r
. c)
= { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in c };
then a
in (r
. c) by
A55,
A54;
then
A57: x
in (c
\/ (r
. c)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
(c
\/ (r
. c))
in D by
A56;
then (c
\/ (r
. c))
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in (
union E) by
A57,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
suppose a
= (2
* n);
then
A58: a
in
{(2
* n)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
{(2
* n)}
in
{
{(2
* n)}} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
{(2
* n)}
in E by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
hence x
in (
union E) by
A58,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
end;
end;
end;
now
let A be
Subset of cMR such that
A59: A
in E;
thus A
<>
{}
proof
per cases by
A59,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose A
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of C such that
A60: A
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A61: d
in C;
d
<>
{} by
A61;
hence thesis by
A60;
end;
suppose A
in
{
{(2
* n)}};
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
let B be
Subset of cMR such that
A62: B
in E;
assume
A63: A
<> B;
assume A
meets B;
then
consider x be
object such that
A64: x
in A and
A65: x
in B by
XBOOLE_0: 3;
per cases by
A59,
A62,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose that
A66: A
in D and
A67: B
in D;
consider d be
Element of C such that
A68: A
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A69: d
in C by
A66;
consider e be
Element of C such that
A70: B
= (e
\/ (r
. e)) and
A71: e
in C by
A67;
per cases by
A68,
A70,
A64,
A65,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in d & x
in e;
then d
meets e by
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then d
= e by
A69,
A71,
EQREL_1:def 4;
hence contradiction by
A68,
A70,
A63;
end;
suppose that
A72: x
in d and
A73: x
in (r
. e);
P[e, (r
. e)] by
A71,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in e } by
A73;
then
consider mb be
Element of
NAT such that
A74: x
= (mb
+ n) and mb
in e;
(mb
+ n)
in (
Segm (n
+
0 )) by
A74,
A72,
A69,
A1;
then (mb
+ n)
< (n
+
0 ) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence contradiction by
XREAL_1: 6;
end;
suppose that
A75: x
in (r
. d) and
A76: x
in e;
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A69,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d } by
A75;
then
consider ma be
Element of
NAT such that
A77: x
= (ma
+ n) and ma
in d;
(ma
+ n)
in (
Segm (n
+
0 )) by
A77,
A76,
A71,
A1;
then (ma
+ n)
< (n
+
0 ) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence contradiction by
XREAL_1: 6;
end;
suppose that
A78: x
in (r
. d) and
A79: x
in (r
. e);
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A69,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d } by
A78;
then
consider ma be
Element of
NAT such that
A80: x
= (ma
+ n) and
A81: ma
in d;
P[e, (r
. e)] by
A71,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in e } by
A79;
then
consider mb be
Element of
NAT such that
A82: x
= (mb
+ n) and
A83: mb
in e;
d
meets e by
A80,
A82,
A81,
A83,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
then d
= e by
A69,
A71,
EQREL_1:def 4;
hence contradiction by
A68,
A70,
A63;
end;
end;
suppose that
A84: A
in D and
A85: B
in
{
{(2
* n)}};
B
=
{(2
* n)} by
A85,
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A86: x
= (2
* n) by
A65,
TARSKI:def 1;
consider d be
Element of C such that
A87: A
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A88: d
in C by
A84;
per cases by
A87,
A64,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in d;
then (n
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
A88,
A1,
A86;
then (n
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
hence contradiction by
NAT_1: 11;
end;
suppose
A89: x
in (r
. d);
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A88,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d } by
A89;
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A90: x
= (m
+ n) and
A91: m
in d;
m
in n by
A91,
A88,
A1;
hence contradiction by
A90,
A86;
end;
end;
suppose that
A92: A
in
{
{(2
* n)}} and
A93: B
in D;
A
=
{(2
* n)} by
A92,
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A94: x
= (2
* n) by
A64,
TARSKI:def 1;
consider d be
Element of C such that
A95: B
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A96: d
in C by
A93;
per cases by
A95,
A65,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in d;
then (n
+ n)
in (
Segm n) by
A96,
A1,
A94;
then (n
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
hence contradiction by
NAT_1: 11;
end;
suppose
A97: x
in (r
. d);
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A96,
A5;
then x
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d } by
A97;
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A98: x
= (m
+ n) and
A99: m
in d;
m
in n by
A99,
A96,
A1;
hence contradiction by
A98,
A94;
end;
end;
suppose A
in
{
{(2
* n)}} & B
in
{
{(2
* n)}};
then A
=
{(2
* n)} & B
=
{(2
* n)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence contradiction by
A63;
end;
end;
then
reconsider E as
a_partition of cMR by
A44,
A46,
EQREL_1:def 4;
now
let x be
set;
assume
A100: x
in E;
per cases by
A100,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose x
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of C such that
A101: x
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A102: d
in C;
reconsider d as
Subset of R by
A102;
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A102,
A5;
then
A103: (r
. d)
= { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d };
A104: x
c= cMR
proof
let a be
object;
assume
A105: a
in x;
per cases by
A101,
A105,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A106: a
in d;
then a
in (
Segm n) by
A1;
then
reconsider ap1 = a as
Nat;
ap1
in (
Segm n) by
A106,
A1;
then
A107: ap1
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 12;
then ap1
< (n
+ n) by
A107,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then ap1
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then a
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
hence a
in cMR by
Def7;
end;
suppose a
in (r
. d);
then
consider am be
Element of
NAT such that
A108: a
= (am
+ n) and
A109: am
in d by
A103;
am
in (
Segm n) by
A109,
A1;
then am
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (am
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
then (am
+ n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then a
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
A108,
NAT_1: 44;
hence a
in cMR by
Def7;
end;
end;
A110:
now
let x be
Nat;
assume x
in (r
. d);
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A111: x
= (m
+ n) and
A112: m
in d by
A103;
thus n
<= x by
A111,
NAT_1: 11;
m
in (
Segm n) by
A112,
A1;
then m
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then (m
+ n)
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
hence x
< (2
* n) by
A111;
end;
A113: d is
stable by
DILWORTH:def 12;
now
let a,b be
Element of MR such that
A114: a
in x and
A115: b
in x and
A116: a
<> b and
A117: a
<= b or b
<= a;
A118:
[a, b]
in iMR or
[b, a]
in iMR by
A117,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
per cases by
A114,
A115,
A101,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A119: a
in d & b
in d;
then
A120:
[a, b]
in iR or
[b, a]
in iR by
A1,
A118,
Th40;
reconsider a, b as
Element of R by
A119;
a
<= b or b
<= a by
A120,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
hence contradiction by
A119,
A116,
A113;
end;
suppose that
A121: a
in d and
A122: b
in (r
. d);
consider bm be
Element of
NAT such that
A123: b
= (bm
+ n) and
A124: bm
in d by
A122,
A103;
a
in (
Segm n) by
A121,
A1;
then
reconsider ap1 = a as
Nat;
A125:
[ap1, bm]
in iR or
[bm, ap1]
in iR by
A118,
Th42,
Th43,
A123,
A121,
A1;
reconsider bmp1 = bm, a as
Element of R by
A124,
A121;
A126: bmp1
<= a or a
<= bmp1 by
A125,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
bmp1
<> a by
A125,
A121,
NECKLACE:def 5;
hence contradiction by
A126,
A124,
A121,
A113;
end;
suppose that
A127: a
in (r
. d) and
A128: b
in d;
consider am be
Element of
NAT such that
A129: a
= (am
+ n) and
A130: am
in d by
A127,
A103;
b
in (
Segm n) by
A128,
A1;
then
reconsider bp1 = b as
Nat;
A131:
[am, bp1]
in iR or
[bp1, am]
in iR by
A118,
Th42,
Th43,
A129,
A128,
A1;
reconsider amp1 = am, b as
Element of R by
A130,
A128;
A132: amp1
<= b or b
<= amp1 by
A131,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
amp1
<> b by
A131,
A128,
NECKLACE:def 5;
hence contradiction by
A132,
A130,
A128,
A113;
end;
suppose that
A133: a
in (r
. d) and
A134: b
in (r
. d);
consider am be
Element of
NAT such that
A135: a
= (am
+ n) and am
in d by
A133,
A103;
consider bm be
Element of
NAT such that
A136: b
= (bm
+ n) and bm
in d by
A134,
A103;
n
<= (am
+ n) & (am
+ n)
< (2
* n) & n
<= (bm
+ n) & (bm
+ n)
< (2
* n) by
A133,
A134,
A135,
A136,
A110;
hence contradiction by
A135,
A136,
A118,
Th38;
end;
end;
hence x is
StableSet of MR by
A104,
DILWORTH:def 2;
end;
suppose x
in
{
{(2
* n)}};
then
A137: x
=
{(2
* n)} by
TARSKI:def 1;
(2
* n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (2
* n)
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
then
A138: (2
* n)
in cMR by
Def7;
x is
Subset of MR by
A137,
A138,
SUBSET_1: 33;
hence x is
StableSet of MR by
A137;
end;
end;
then
reconsider E as
Coloring of MR by
DILWORTH:def 12;
take E;
now
assume
{(2
* n)}
in D;
then
consider d be
Element of C such that
A139:
{(2
* n)}
= (d
\/ (r
. d)) and
A140: d
in C;
A141: (2
* n)
in (d
\/ (r
. d)) by
A139,
TARSKI:def 1;
per cases by
A141,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose (2
* n)
in d;
then (2
* n)
in cR by
A140;
then (2
* n)
in (
Segm n) by
Def7;
then (n
+ n)
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
hence contradiction by
NAT_1: 11;
end;
suppose
A142: (2
* n)
in (r
. d);
P[d, (r
. d)] by
A140,
A5;
then (2
* n)
in { (m
+ n) where m be
Element of
NAT : m
in d } by
A142;
then
consider m be
Element of
NAT such that
A143: (2
* n)
= (m
+ n) and
A144: m
in d;
m
in cR by
A140,
A144;
then m
in n by
Def7;
hence contradiction by
A143;
end;
end;
hence (
card E)
= (1
+ cnR) by
A6,
A33,
A3,
CARD_2: 41;
end;
for C be
finite
Coloring of MR holds (1
+ cnR)
<= (
card C)
proof
let E be
finite
Coloring of MR;
assume (1
+ cnR)
> (
card E);
then
A145: cnR
>= (
card E) by
NAT_1: 13;
A146: cnMR
<= (
card E) by
Def3;
then
A147: cnMR
<= cnR by
A145,
XXREAL_0: 2;
n
<= (n
+ n) by
NAT_1: 11;
then n
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (
Segm n)
c= (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 39;
then
reconsider S = n as
Subset of MR by
Def7;
A148: R
= (
subrelstr S) by
Th45;
then cnR
<= cnMR by
Th47;
then cnR
= cnMR by
A147,
XXREAL_0: 1;
then
A149: (
card E)
= cnR by
A145,
A146,
XXREAL_0: 1;
reconsider C = (E
| S) as
Coloring of R by
A148,
Th10;
A150: (
card C)
>= cnR by
Def3;
A151: (
card C)
<= (
card E) by
Th8;
then
A152: (
card C)
= cnR by
A149,
A150,
XXREAL_0: 1;
(2
* n)
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then (2
* n)
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
then (2
* n)
in cMR by
Def7;
then (2
* n)
in (
union E) by
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider e be
set such that
A153: (2
* n)
in e and
A154: e
in E by
TARSKI:def 4;
reconsider e as
Subset of MR by
A154;
reconsider n2 = (2
* n) as
Element of MR by
A153,
A154;
set se = (e
/\ S);
e
meets S by
A149,
A152,
A154,
Th9;
then
A155: se
in C by
A154;
then
consider mp1 be
Element of R such that
A156: mp1
in se and
A157: for d be
Element of C st d
<> se holds ex w be
Element of R st w
in (
Adjacent mp1) & w
in d by
A151,
A149,
A150,
Th31,
XXREAL_0: 1;
mp1
in (
Segm n) by
A156,
A155;
then
reconsider m = mp1 as
Nat;
set mn = (m
+ n);
A158: (
0
+ n)
<= mn by
XREAL_1: 6;
m
in (
Segm n) by
A156,
A155;
then m
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
then
A159: mn
< (n
+ n) by
XREAL_1: 6;
then mn
< ((2
* n)
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
then
A160: mn
in (
Segm ((2
* n)
+ 1)) by
NAT_1: 44;
then mn
in cMR by
Def7;
then mn
in (
union E) by
EQREL_1:def 4;
then
consider f be
set such that
A161: mn
in f and
A162: f
in E by
TARSKI:def 4;
reconsider f as
Subset of MR by
A162;
reconsider mnp1 = mn as
Element of MR by
A160,
Def7;
A163:
now
assume
A164: e
<> f;
set sf = (f
/\ S);
f
meets S by
A149,
A152,
A162,
Th9;
then
A165: sf
in C by
A162;
A166: sf
c= f by
XBOOLE_1: 17;
now
assume
A167: sf
= se;
sf
<>
{} by
A165;
then
consider x be
object such that
A168: x
in sf by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
se
c= e by
XBOOLE_1: 17;
then e
meets f by
A167,
A168,
A166,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence contradiction by
A164,
A162,
A154,
EQREL_1:def 4;
end;
then
consider wp1 be
Element of R such that
A169: wp1
in (
Adjacent mp1) and
A170: wp1
in sf by
A165,
A157;
wp1
in (
Segm n) by
A170,
A165;
then
reconsider w = wp1 as
Nat;
w
in (
Segm n) by
A170,
A165;
then
A171: w
< n by
NAT_1: 44;
mp1
< wp1 or wp1
< mp1 by
A169,
Def6;
then mp1
<= wp1 or wp1
<= mp1 by
ORDERS_2:def 6;
then
[m, w]
in iR or
[w, m]
in iR by
ORDERS_2:def 5;
then
A172:
[(m
+ n), w]
in iMR or
[w, (m
+ n)]
in iMR by
Th41;
reconsider wp2 = wp1 as
Element of MR by
A170;
f is
stable by
A162,
DILWORTH:def 12;
then not wp2
<= mnp1 & not mnp1
<= wp2 by
A171,
A158,
A170,
A166,
A161;
hence contradiction by
A172,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
A173:
[mn, (2
* n)]
in iMR by
A159,
A158,
Th44;
e is
stable by
A154,
DILWORTH:def 12;
then not mnp1
<= n2 & not n2
<= mnp1 by
A153,
A161,
A163,
A159;
hence contradiction by
A173,
ORDERS_2:def 5;
end;
hence (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian R))
= (1
+ (
chromatic# R)) by
A2,
Def3;
end;
Lm1:
now
let myc1,myc2 be
Function such that
A1: (
dom myc1)
=
NAT and
A2: (myc1
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) and
A3: for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc1
. k) holds (myc1
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) and
A4: (
dom myc2)
=
NAT and
A5: (myc2
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) and
A6: for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc2
. k) holds (myc2
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R);
defpred
P2[
Nat] means (myc1
. $1) is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ $1))
-' 1) & (myc1
. $1)
= (myc2
. $1);
((3
* (2
|^
0 ))
-' 1)
= ((3
* 1)
-' 1) by
NEWTON: 4
.= ((2
+ 1)
-' 1)
.= 2 by
NAT_D: 34;
then
A7:
P2[
0 ] by
A2,
A5;
A8: for k be
Nat st
P2[k] holds
P2[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A9:
P2[k];
reconsider R = (myc1
. k) as
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) by
A9;
A10: (myc1
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
A3;
A11: (3
* (2
|^ k))
>= (1
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
(2
|^ k)
>= (k
+ 1) & (k
+ 1)
>= 1 by
NAT_1: 11,
NEWTON: 85;
then (2
|^ k)
>= 1 by
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A12: (3
* (2
|^ k))
>= 1 by
A11,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A13: ((3
* (2
|^ k))
- 1)
>= (1
- 1) by
XREAL_1: 9;
(2
* (2
|^ k))
>= (1
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
then (2
|^ (k
+ 1))
>= (2
|^ k) by
NEWTON: 6;
then (3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
>= (3
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
then (3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
>= 1 by
A12,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A14: ((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
- 1)
>= (1
- 1) by
XREAL_1: 9;
((2
* ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1))
+ 1)
= ((2
* ((3
* (2
|^ k))
- 1))
+ 1) by
A13,
XREAL_0:def 2
.= (((3
* (2
* (2
|^ k)))
- 2)
+ 1)
.= (((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
- 2)
+ 1) by
NEWTON: 6
.= ((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
-' 1) by
A14,
XREAL_0:def 2;
hence
P2[(k
+ 1)] by
A10,
A9,
A6;
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P2[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A7,
A8);
then for x be
object st x
in (
dom myc1) holds (myc1
. x)
= (myc2
. x) by
A1;
hence myc1
= myc2 by
A1,
A4;
end;
definition
let n be
Nat;
::
MYCIELSK:def10
func
Mycielskian n ->
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1) means
:
Def10: ex myc be
Function st it
= (myc
. n) & (
dom myc)
=
NAT & (myc
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) & for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc
. k) holds (myc
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R);
existence
proof
defpred
P[
Nat,
object,
object] means ($2 is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ $1))
-' 1) implies ex R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ $1))
-' 1) st $2
= R & $3
= (
Mycielskian R)) & ( not $2 is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ $1))
-' 1) implies $3
= $2);
A1: for n be
Nat holds for x be
set holds ex y be
set st
P[n, x, y]
proof
let n be
Nat, x be
set;
per cases ;
suppose x is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1);
then
reconsider R = x as
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1);
(
Mycielskian R)
= (
Mycielskian R);
then
consider y be
object such that
A2:
P[n, x, y];
y is
set by
TARSKI: 1;
hence thesis by
A2;
end;
suppose not x is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1);
hence thesis;
end;
end;
consider f be
Function such that
A3: (
dom f)
=
NAT and
A4: (f
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) and
A5: for n be
Nat holds
P[n, (f
. n), (f
. (n
+ 1))] from
RECDEF_1:sch 1(
A1);
defpred
P2[
Nat] means (f
. $1) is
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ $1))
-' 1);
((3
* (2
|^
0 ))
-' 1)
= ((3
* 1)
-' 1) by
NEWTON: 4
.= ((2
+ 1)
-' 1)
.= 2 by
NAT_D: 34;
then
A6:
P2[
0 ] by
A4;
A7: for k be
Nat st
P2[k] holds
P2[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A8:
P2[k];
consider R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) such that (f
. k)
= R and
A9: (f
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
A8,
A5;
A10: (3
* (2
|^ k))
>= (1
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
(2
|^ k)
>= (k
+ 1) & (k
+ 1)
>= 1 by
NAT_1: 11,
NEWTON: 85;
then (2
|^ k)
>= 1 by
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A11: (3
* (2
|^ k))
>= 1 by
A10,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A12: ((3
* (2
|^ k))
- 1)
>= (1
- 1) by
XREAL_1: 9;
(2
* (2
|^ k))
>= (1
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
then (2
|^ (k
+ 1))
>= (2
|^ k) by
NEWTON: 6;
then (3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
>= (3
* (2
|^ k)) by
XREAL_1: 64;
then (3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
>= 1 by
A11,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A13: ((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
- 1)
>= (1
- 1) by
XREAL_1: 9;
((2
* ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1))
+ 1)
= ((2
* ((3
* (2
|^ k))
- 1))
+ 1) by
A12,
XREAL_0:def 2
.= (((3
* (2
* (2
|^ k)))
- 2)
+ 1)
.= (((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
- 2)
+ 1) by
NEWTON: 6
.= ((3
* (2
|^ (k
+ 1)))
-' 1) by
A13,
XREAL_0:def 2;
hence
P2[(k
+ 1)] by
A9;
end;
A14: for n be
Nat holds
P2[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A6,
A7);
reconsider IT = (f
. n) as
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1) by
A14;
take IT;
take myc = f;
thus IT
= (myc
. n);
thus (
dom myc)
=
NAT by
A3;
thus (myc
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) by
A4;
let k be
Nat;
let R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1);
assume
A15: R
= (myc
. k);
then
consider RR be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) such that
A16: (f
. k)
= RR and
A17: (f
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian RR) by
A5;
thus (myc
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
A17,
A15,
A16;
end;
uniqueness by
Lm1;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:49
Th49: (
Mycielskian
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) & for k be
Nat holds (
Mycielskian (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian (
Mycielskian k))
proof
consider myc be
Function such that
A1: (
Mycielskian
0 )
= (myc
.
0 ) and (
dom myc)
=
NAT and
A2: (myc
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) and for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc
. k) holds (myc
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
Def10;
thus (
Mycielskian
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) by
A1,
A2;
let k be
Nat;
consider myc1 be
Function such that
A3: (
Mycielskian k)
= (myc1
. k) and
A4: (
dom myc1)
=
NAT & (myc1
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) & for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc1
. k) holds (myc1
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
Def10;
consider myc2 be
Function such that
A5: (
Mycielskian (k
+ 1))
= (myc2
. (k
+ 1)) and
A6: (
dom myc2)
=
NAT & (myc2
.
0 )
= (
CompleteRelStr 2) and
A7: for k be
Nat, R be
NatRelStr of ((3
* (2
|^ k))
-' 1) st R
= (myc2
. k) holds (myc2
. (k
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian R) by
Def10;
myc1
= myc2 by
A4,
A6,
A7,
Lm1;
hence thesis by
A3,
A7,
A5;
end;
registration
let n be
Nat;
cluster (
Mycielskian n) ->
irreflexive;
coherence
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means (
Mycielskian $1) is
irreflexive;
A1:
P[
0 ] by
Th49;
A2: for n be
Nat st
P[n] holds
P[(n
+ 1)]
proof
let n be
Nat;
set cMRn = the
carrier of (
Mycielskian n);
set iMRn = the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian n);
set cMRn1 = the
carrier of (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1));
set iMRn1 = the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1));
assume
A3:
P[n];
assume not
P[(n
+ 1)];
then
consider x be
set such that
A4: x
in cMRn1 and
A5:
[x, x]
in iMRn1 by
NECKLACE:def 5;
A6: (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian (
Mycielskian n)) by
Th49;
set N = ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1);
A7: cMRn1
= ((2
* N)
+ 1) by
A6,
Def7;
A8: cMRn
= N by
Def7;
x
in (
Segm ((2
* N)
+ 1)) by
A7,
A4;
then
reconsider x as
Nat;
x
< N & x
< N or x
< N & N
<= x & x
< (2
* N) or N
<= x & x
< (2
* N) & x
< N or x
= (2
* N) & N
<= x & x
< (2
* N) or N
<= x & x
< (2
* N) & x
= (2
* N) by
A6,
A5,
Th38;
then
A9: x
in (
Segm N) by
NAT_1: 44;
then
[x, x]
in iMRn by
A5,
A6,
Th40;
hence contradiction by
A3,
A8,
A9,
NECKLACE:def 5;
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A1,
A2);
hence thesis;
end;
end
registration
let n be
Nat;
cluster (
Mycielskian n) ->
symmetric;
coherence
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means (
Mycielskian $1) is
symmetric;
A1:
P[
0 ] by
Th49;
A2: for n be
Nat st
P[n] holds
P[(n
+ 1)]
proof
let n be
Nat;
set cMRn = the
carrier of (
Mycielskian n);
set iMRn = the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian n);
set cMRn1 = the
carrier of (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1));
set iMRn1 = the
InternalRel of (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1));
assume
A3:
P[n];
A4: (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian (
Mycielskian n)) by
Th49;
set N = ((3
* (2
|^ n))
-' 1);
A5: cMRn1
= ((2
* N)
+ 1) by
A4,
Def7;
A6: cMRn
= N by
Def7;
let x,y be
object such that
A7: x
in cMRn1 and
A8: y
in cMRn1 and
A9:
[x, y]
in iMRn1;
x
in (
Segm ((2
* N)
+ 1)) & y
in (
Segm ((2
* N)
+ 1)) by
A5,
A7,
A8;
then
reconsider xp1 = x, yp1 = y as
Nat;
A10:
[xp1, yp1]
in iMRn1 by
A9;
per cases by
A10,
A4,
Th38;
suppose xp1
< N & yp1
< N;
then xp1
in (
Segm N) & yp1
in (
Segm N) by
NAT_1: 44;
then
A11:
[yp1, xp1]
in iMRn by
A3,
A6,
Th5,
A9,
A4,
Th40;
iMRn
c= iMRn1 by
A4,
Th39;
hence
[y, x]
in iMRn1 by
A11;
end;
suppose that
A12: xp1
< N and
A13: N
<= yp1 and
A14: yp1
< (2
* N);
consider yy be
Nat such that
A15: yp1
= (N
+ yy) by
A13,
NAT_1: 10;
A16: xp1
in (
Segm N) by
A12,
NAT_1: 44;
(yy
+ N)
< (N
+ N) by
A14,
A15;
then yy
< N by
XREAL_1: 6;
then
A17: yy
in (
Segm N) by
NAT_1: 44;
[x, yy]
in iMRn by
A9,
A16,
A15,
A4,
Th42;
then
[yy, x]
in iMRn by
A17,
A16,
A6,
A3,
Th5;
hence
[y, x]
in iMRn1 by
A4,
A10,
A15,
Th41;
end;
suppose that
A18: N
<= xp1 and
A19: xp1
< (2
* N) and
A20: yp1
< N;
consider xx be
Nat such that
A21: xp1
= (N
+ xx) by
A18,
NAT_1: 10;
A22: yp1
in (
Segm N) by
A20,
NAT_1: 44;
(xx
+ N)
< (N
+ N) by
A21,
A19;
then xx
< N by
XREAL_1: 6;
then
A23: xx
in (
Segm N) by
NAT_1: 44;
[xx, y]
in iMRn by
A22,
A9,
A4,
A21,
Th43;
then
[y, xx]
in iMRn by
A23,
A22,
A6,
A3,
Th5;
hence
[y, x]
in iMRn1 by
A4,
A10,
A21,
Th41;
end;
suppose xp1
= (2
* N) & N
<= yp1 & yp1
< (2
* N);
hence
[y, x]
in iMRn1 by
A4,
Th44;
end;
suppose N
<= xp1 & xp1
< (2
* N) & yp1
= (2
* N);
hence
[y, x]
in iMRn1 by
A4,
Th44;
end;
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A1,
A2);
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:50
Th50: for n be
Nat holds (
clique# (
Mycielskian n))
= 2 & (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian n))
= (n
+ 2)
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means (
clique# (
Mycielskian $1))
= 2 & (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian $1))
= ($1
+ 2);
A1: (
clique# (
Mycielskian
0 ))
= (
clique# (
CompleteRelStr 2)) by
Th49
.= 2 by
Th33;
(
chromatic# (
Mycielskian
0 ))
= (
chromatic# (
CompleteRelStr 2)) by
Th49
.= 2 by
Th35;
then
A2:
P[
0 ] by
A1;
A3: for n be
Nat st
P[n] holds
P[(n
+ 1)]
proof
let n be
Nat such that
A4: (
clique# (
Mycielskian n))
= 2 and
A5: (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian n))
= (n
+ 2);
A6: (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1))
= (
Mycielskian (
Mycielskian n)) by
Th49;
thus (
clique# (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1)))
= 2 by
A4,
A6,
Th46;
thus (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian (n
+ 1)))
= (1
+ (
chromatic# (
Mycielskian n))) by
A6,
Th48
.= ((n
+ 1)
+ 2) by
A5;
end;
for n be
Nat holds
P[n] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A2,
A3);
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:51
for n be
Nat holds ex R be
finite
RelStr st (
clique# R)
= 2 & (
chromatic# R)
> n
proof
let n be
Nat;
take (
Mycielskian n);
((n
+ 1)
+ 1)
> (n
+ 1) & (n
+ 1)
> n by
NAT_1: 13;
then (n
+ 2)
> n by
XXREAL_0: 2;
hence thesis by
Th50;
end;
theorem ::
MYCIELSK:52
for n be
Nat holds ex R be
finite
RelStr st (
stability# R)
= 2 & (
cliquecover# R)
> n
proof
let n be
Nat;
set R = (
Mycielskian n);
((n
+ 1)
+ 1)
> (n
+ 1) & (n
+ 1)
> n by
NAT_1: 13;
then (n
+ 2)
> n by
XXREAL_0: 2;
then
A1: (
clique# R)
= 2 & (
chromatic# R)
> n by
Th50;
take S = (
ComplRelStr R);
thus (
stability# S)
= 2 by
A1,
Th23;
thus (
cliquecover# S)
> n by
A1,
Th29;
end;