prob_4.miz
begin
reserve n,m,k for
Element of
NAT ,
x,X for
set,
A1 for
SetSequence of X,
Si for
SigmaField of X,
XSeq for
SetSequence of Si;
reserve Omega for non
empty
set,
Sigma for
SigmaField of Omega,
ASeq for
SetSequence of Sigma,
P for
Probability of Sigma;
Lm1: for A,B,C be
set holds C
c= B implies (A
\ C)
= ((A
\ B)
\/ (A
/\ (B
\ C)))
proof
let A,B,C be
set;
assume
A1: C
c= B;
thus (A
\ C)
c= ((A
\ B)
\/ (A
/\ (B
\ C)))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (A
\ C);
then x
in A & not x
in B or x
in A & x
in B & not x
in C by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then x
in (A
\ B) or x
in A & x
in (B
\ C) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then x
in (A
\ B) or x
in (A
/\ (B
\ C)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
let x be
object;
assume x
in ((A
\ B)
\/ (A
/\ (B
\ C)));
then x
in (A
\ B) or x
in (A
/\ (B
\ C)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then
A2: x
in (A
\ B) or x
in A & x
in (B
\ C) by
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then not x
in C by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence thesis by
A2,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
definition
let X, Si, XSeq, n;
:: original:
.
redefine
func XSeq
. n ->
Element of Si ;
coherence
proof
thus (XSeq
. n) is
Element of Si;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:1
Th1: (
rng XSeq)
c= Si
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
rng XSeq);
then ex n be
Nat st x
= (XSeq
. n) by
SETLIM_1: 4;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:2
Th2: for f be
Function holds f is
SetSequence of Si iff f is
sequence of Si
proof
let f be
Function;
thus f is
SetSequence of Si implies f is
sequence of Si
proof
assume f is
SetSequence of Si;
then
reconsider f as
SetSequence of Si;
(
rng f)
c= Si & (
dom f)
=
NAT by
Th1,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_2: 2;
end;
assume
A1: f is
sequence of Si;
then
reconsider f as
SetSequence of X by
FUNCT_2: 7;
f is
SetSequence of Si by
A1;
hence thesis;
end;
scheme ::
PROB_4:sch1
LambdaSigmaSSeq { X() ->
set , Si() ->
SigmaField of X() , F(
set) ->
Element of Si() } :
ex f be
SetSequence of Si() st for n holds (f
. n)
= F(n);
ex f be
SetSequence of X() st for n holds (f
. n)
= F(n) from
FUNCT_2:sch 4;
then
consider f be
SetSequence of X() such that
A1: for n holds (f
. n)
= F(n);
for n be
Nat holds (f
. n)
in Si()
proof
let n be
Nat;
n
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
then (f
. n)
= F(n) by
A1;
hence thesis;
end;
then (
rng f)
c= Si() by
NAT_1: 52;
then
reconsider f as
SetSequence of Si() by
RELAT_1:def 19;
take f;
thus thesis by
A1;
end;
registration
let X;
cluster
disjoint_valued for
SetSequence of X;
existence
proof
take A1 = (
NAT
--> (
{} X));
for m,n be
Nat st m
<> n holds (A1
. m)
misses (A1
. n)
proof
let m,n be
Nat;
m
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
then (A1
. m)
=
{} by
FUNCOP_1: 7;
hence thesis;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
end
registration
let X, Si;
cluster
disjoint_valued for
SetSequence of Si;
existence
proof
reconsider MSi = Si as
SigmaField of X;
set f = the
disjoint_valued
sequence of MSi;
reconsider f as
SetSequence of Si by
Th2;
take f;
thus thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:3
Th3: for A,B be
Subset of X st A
misses B holds ((A,B)
followed_by
{} ) is
disjoint_valued
proof
let A,B be
Subset of X;
reconsider A1 = ((A,B)
followed_by (
{} X)) as
SetSequence of X;
assume
A1: A
misses B;
A1 is
disjoint_valued
proof
A2: (A1
. 1)
= B by
FUNCT_7: 123;
let m,n be
Nat such that
A3: m
<> n;
A4: (A1
.
0 )
= A by
FUNCT_7: 122;
per cases ;
suppose
A5: m
=
0 ;
then n
>= 1 by
A3,
NAT_1: 14;
then
A6: (n
+ 1)
> 1 by
NAT_1: 13;
per cases by
A6,
NAT_1: 22;
suppose n
> 1;
then (A1
. n)
=
{} by
FUNCT_7: 124;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose n
= 1;
hence thesis by
A1,
A4,
A5,
FUNCT_7: 123;
end;
end;
suppose
A7: m
<>
0 & m
= 1;
n
>= 1 or n
<= 1;
then
A8: (n
+ 1)
> 1 or n
< (1
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 13;
per cases by
A3,
A7,
A8,
NAT_1: 14,
NAT_1: 22;
suppose n
> 1;
then (A1
. n)
=
{} by
FUNCT_7: 124;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose n
=
0 ;
hence thesis by
A1,
A4,
A2,
A7;
end;
end;
suppose
A9: m
<>
0 & m
<> 1;
then m
>= 1 by
NAT_1: 14;
then (m
+ 1)
> 1 by
NAT_1: 13;
then (A1
. m)
=
{} by
A9,
FUNCT_7: 124,
NAT_1: 22;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:4
Th4: for S be non
empty
set holds S is
SigmaField of X iff S
c= (
bool X) & (for A1 be
SetSequence of X st (
rng A1)
c= S holds (
Union A1)
in S) & for A be
Subset of X st A
in S holds (A
` )
in S
proof
let S be non
empty
set;
thus S is
SigmaField of X implies S
c= (
bool X) & (for A1 be
SetSequence of X st (
rng A1)
c= S holds (
Union A1)
in S) & for A be
Subset of X st A
in S holds (A
` )
in S
proof
assume S is
SigmaField of X;
then
reconsider S as
SigmaField of X;
for A1 be
SetSequence of X st (
rng A1)
c= S holds (
Union A1)
in S
proof
let A1 be
SetSequence of X;
assume (
rng A1)
c= S;
then
reconsider A1 as
SetSequence of S by
RELAT_1:def 19;
(
Union A1)
in S by
PROB_1: 17;
hence thesis;
end;
hence thesis by
PROB_1: 15;
end;
assume that
A1: S
c= (
bool X) and
A2: for A1 be
SetSequence of X st (
rng A1)
c= S holds (
Union A1)
in S and
A3: for A be
Subset of X st A
in S holds (A
` )
in S;
for A1 be
SetSequence of X st (
rng A1)
c= S holds (
Intersection A1)
in S
proof
let A1 be
SetSequence of X such that
A4: (
rng A1)
c= S;
for n be
Nat holds ((
Complement A1)
. n)
in S
proof
let n be
Nat;
reconsider n1 = n as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
(A1
. n)
in (
rng A1) by
NAT_1: 51;
then ((A1
. n1)
` )
in S by
A3,
A4;
hence thesis by
PROB_1:def 2;
end;
then (
rng (
Complement A1))
c= S by
NAT_1: 52;
then ((
Union (
Complement A1))
` )
in S by
A2,
A3;
hence thesis by
PROB_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
PROB_1: 15;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:5
Th5: for A,B be
Event of Sigma holds (P
. (A
\ B))
= ((P
. (A
\/ B))
- (P
. B))
proof
let A,B be
Event of Sigma;
((P
. (A
\/ B))
- (P
. B))
= (((P
. B)
+ (P
. (A
\ B)))
- (P
. B)) by
PROB_1: 36;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:6
Th6: for A,B be
Event of Sigma st A
c= B & (P
. B)
=
0 holds (P
. A)
=
0
proof
let A,B be
Event of Sigma;
assume A
c= B & (P
. B)
=
0 ;
then (P
. A)
<=
0 by
PROB_1: 34;
hence thesis by
PROB_1:def 8;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:7
Th7: (for n holds (P
. (ASeq
. n))
=
0 ) iff (P
. (
Union ASeq))
=
0
proof
hereby
assume
A1: for n holds (P
. (ASeq
. n))
=
0 ;
for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. n)
=
0
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. $1)
=
0 ;
A2: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A3:
P[k];
thus ((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. (k
+ 1))
= (((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. k)
+ ((P
* ASeq)
. (k
+ 1))) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (
0
+ (P
. (ASeq
. (k
+ 1)))) by
A3,
FUNCT_2: 15
.=
0 by
A1;
end;
((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
.
0 )
= ((P
* ASeq)
.
0 ) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (P
. (ASeq
.
0 )) by
FUNCT_2: 15
.=
0 by
A1;
then
A4:
P[
0 ];
thus for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A4,
A2);
end;
then for n be
Nat st
0
<= n holds ((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. n)
=
0 ;
then
A5: (
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq)) is
convergent & (
lim (
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq)))
=
0 by
PROB_1: 1;
now
let n be
Nat;
((
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq)
. n)
c= (ASeq
. n) by
PROB_3: 33;
hence ((P
* (
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq))
. n)
<= ((P
* ASeq)
. n) by
PROB_3: 5;
end;
then
A6: for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Sums (P
* (
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq)))
. n)
<= ((
Partial_Sums (P
* ASeq))
. n) by
SERIES_1: 14;
(
Partial_Sums (P
* (
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq))) is
convergent by
PROB_3: 45;
then (
Sum (P
* (
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq)))
<=
0 by
A5,
A6,
SEQ_2: 18;
then (P
. (
Union (
Partial_Diff_Union ASeq)))
<=
0 by
PROB_3: 46;
then
A7: (P
. (
Union ASeq))
<=
0 by
PROB_3: 36;
(
Union ASeq) is
Event of Sigma by
PROB_1: 26;
hence (P
. (
Union ASeq))
=
0 by
A7,
PROB_1:def 8;
end;
assume
A8: (P
. (
Union ASeq))
=
0 ;
hereby
reconsider Y2 = (
Union ASeq) as
Event of Sigma by
PROB_1: 26;
let n;
reconsider Y1 = (ASeq
. n) as
Event of Sigma;
(ASeq
. n)
in (
rng ASeq) by
SETLIM_1: 4;
then (ASeq
. n)
c= (
union (
rng ASeq)) by
ZFMISC_1: 74;
then Y1
c= Y2 by
CARD_3:def 4;
hence (P
. (ASeq
. n))
=
0 by
A8,
Th6;
end;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:8
Th8: (for A be
set st A
in (
rng ASeq) holds (P
. A)
=
0 ) iff (P
. (
union (
rng ASeq)))
=
0
proof
hereby
assume
A1: for A be
set st A
in (
rng ASeq) holds (P
. A)
=
0 ;
for n holds (P
. (ASeq
. n))
=
0 by
SETLIM_1: 4,
A1;
then (P
. (
Union ASeq))
=
0 by
Th7;
hence (P
. (
union (
rng ASeq)))
=
0 by
CARD_3:def 4;
end;
assume (P
. (
union (
rng ASeq)))
=
0 ;
then
A2: (P
. (
Union ASeq))
=
0 by
CARD_3:def 4;
hereby
let A be
set;
assume A
in (
rng ASeq);
then
consider n1 be
Nat such that
A3: A
= (ASeq
. n1) by
SETLIM_1: 4;
n1
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
hence (P
. A)
=
0 by
A2,
Th7,
A3;
end;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:9
Th9: for seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL st seq
= Eseq holds (
Partial_Sums seq)
= (
Ser Eseq)
proof
let seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL such that
A1: seq
= Eseq;
reconsider Ps = (
Partial_Sums seq) as
sequence of
ExtREAL by
FUNCT_2: 7,
NUMBERS: 31;
defpred
P[
Nat] means (Ps
. $1)
= ((
Ser Eseq)
. $1);
A2: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A3: (Ps
. k)
= ((
Ser Eseq)
. k);
reconsider Psk = (Ps
. k) as
Real;
reconsider kk = k as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
(Ps
. (k
+ 1))
= (Psk
+ (seq
. (k
+ 1))) & ((
Ser Eseq)
. (k
+ 1))
= (((
Ser Eseq)
. kk)
+ (Eseq
. (kk
+ 1))) by
SERIES_1:def 1,
SUPINF_2:def 11;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
SUPINF_2: 1;
end;
(Ps
.
0 )
= (Eseq
.
0 ) by
A1,
SERIES_1:def 1
.= ((
Ser Eseq)
.
0 ) by
SUPINF_2:def 11;
then
A4:
P[
0 ];
for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A4,
A2);
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:10
Th10: for seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL st seq
= Eseq & seq is
bounded_above holds (
upper_bound seq)
= (
sup (
rng Eseq))
proof
let seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL such that
A1: seq
= Eseq and
A2: seq is
bounded_above;
reconsider s = (
upper_bound seq) as
R_eal by
XXREAL_0:def 1;
A3: (
dom Eseq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A4: (
rng Eseq)
<>
{
-infty }
proof
assume (
rng Eseq)
=
{
-infty };
then
reconsider k1 =
-infty as
Element of (
rng Eseq) by
TARSKI:def 1;
consider n1 be
object such that
A5: n1
in
NAT and (Eseq
. n1)
= k1 by
A3,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n1 as
Element of
NAT by
A5;
(seq
. n1)
= k1 by
A1;
hence contradiction;
end;
for x be
ExtReal holds x
in (
rng Eseq) implies x
<= s
proof
let x be
ExtReal;
assume x
in (
rng Eseq);
then ex n1 be
object st n1
in
NAT & (Eseq
. n1)
= x by
A3,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
RINFSUP1: 7;
end;
then
A6: s is
UpperBound of (
rng Eseq) by
XXREAL_2:def 1;
then
A7: (
rng Eseq) is
bounded_above by
XXREAL_2:def 10;
A8: s
<= (
sup (
rng Eseq))
proof
reconsider r1 = (
sup (
rng Eseq)) as
Element of
REAL by
A7,
A4,
XXREAL_2: 57;
A9: (
sup (
rng Eseq)) is
UpperBound of (
rng Eseq) by
XXREAL_2:def 3;
for n be
Nat holds (seq
. n)
<= r1
proof
let n be
Nat;
n
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
FUNCT_1: 3,
XXREAL_2:def 1,
A9;
end;
hence thesis by
RINFSUP1: 9;
end;
(
sup (
rng Eseq))
<= s by
A6,
XXREAL_2:def 3;
hence thesis by
A8,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:11
Th11: for seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL st seq
= Eseq & seq is
bounded_below holds (
lower_bound seq)
= (
inf (
rng Eseq))
proof
let seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL such that
A1: seq
= Eseq and
A2: seq is
bounded_below;
reconsider s = (
lower_bound seq) as
R_eal by
XXREAL_0:def 1;
A3: (
dom Eseq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A4: (
rng Eseq)
<>
{
+infty }
proof
assume (
rng Eseq)
=
{
+infty };
then
reconsider k1 =
+infty as
Element of (
rng Eseq) by
TARSKI:def 1;
consider n1 be
object such that
A5: n1
in
NAT and (Eseq
. n1)
= k1 by
A3,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n1 as
Element of
NAT by
A5;
(seq
. n1)
= k1 by
A1;
hence contradiction;
end;
for x be
ExtReal holds x
in (
rng Eseq) implies s
<= x
proof
let x be
ExtReal;
assume x
in (
rng Eseq);
then ex n1 be
object st n1
in
NAT & (Eseq
. n1)
= x by
A3,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
RINFSUP1: 8;
end;
then
A6: s is
LowerBound of (
rng Eseq) by
XXREAL_2:def 2;
then
A7: (
rng Eseq) is
bounded_below by
XXREAL_2:def 9;
A8: (
inf (
rng Eseq))
<= s
proof
reconsider r1 = (
inf (
rng Eseq)) as
Element of
REAL by
A7,
A4,
XXREAL_2: 58;
A9: (
inf (
rng Eseq)) is
LowerBound of (
rng Eseq) by
XXREAL_2:def 4;
for n be
Nat holds r1
<= (seq
. n)
proof
let n be
Nat;
n
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
FUNCT_1: 3,
XXREAL_2:def 2,
A9;
end;
hence thesis by
RINFSUP1: 10;
end;
s
<= (
inf (
rng Eseq)) by
A6,
XXREAL_2:def 4;
hence thesis by
A8,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:12
Th12: for seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL st seq
= Eseq & seq is
nonnegative
summable holds (
Sum seq)
= (
SUM Eseq)
proof
let seq be
sequence of
REAL , Eseq be
sequence of
ExtREAL such that
A1: seq
= Eseq and
A2: seq is
nonnegative
summable;
A3: for n be
Nat holds (seq
. n)
>=
0 by
A2,
RINFSUP1:def 3;
(
Partial_Sums seq) is
convergent by
A2;
then
A4: (
Partial_Sums seq) is
bounded;
then (
upper_bound (
Partial_Sums seq))
= (
sup (
rng (
Ser Eseq))) by
A1,
Th9,
Th10;
then (
upper_bound (
Partial_Sums seq))
= (
SUM Eseq);
hence thesis by
A4,
A3,
RINFSUP1: 24,
SERIES_1: 16;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:13
Th13: P is
sigma_Measure of Sigma
proof
set Z = Sigma;
reconsider P1 = P as
Function of Z,
ExtREAL by
FUNCT_2: 7,
NUMBERS: 31;
for x be
ExtReal holds x
in (
rng P1) implies
0.
<= x
proof
let x be
ExtReal;
assume
A1: x
in (
rng P1);
(
dom P1)
= Sigma by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
consider y be
object such that
A2: y
in Sigma and
A3: (P1
. y)
= x by
A1,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider y1 = y as
Event of Sigma by
A2;
0
<= (P
. y1) by
PROB_1:def 8;
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
then
A4: (
rng P1) is
nonnegative by
SUPINF_2:def 9;
for F be
Sep_Sequence of Z holds (
SUM (P1
* F))
= (P1
. (
union (
rng F)))
proof
let F be
Sep_Sequence of Z;
reconsider F2 = F as
disjoint_valued
SetSequence of Sigma by
Th2;
for n be
Nat holds ((P
* F2)
. n)
>=
0 by
PROB_3: 4;
then
A5: (P
* F2) is
nonnegative by
RINFSUP1:def 3;
(
Partial_Sums (P
* F2)) is
convergent by
PROB_3: 45;
then (P
* F2) is
summable;
then (P
. (
Union F2))
= (
Sum (P
* F2)) & (
Sum (P
* F2))
= (
SUM (P1
* F)) by
A5,
Th12,
PROB_3: 46;
hence thesis by
CARD_3:def 4;
end;
hence thesis by
A4,
MEASURE1:def 6,
SUPINF_2:def 12;
end;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
::
PROB_4:def1
func
P2M (P) ->
sigma_Measure of Sigma equals P;
coherence by
Th13;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:14
Th14: for X be non
empty
set, S be
SigmaField of X, M be
sigma_Measure of S st (M
. X)
= 1 holds M is
Probability of S
proof
let X be non
empty
set, S be
SigmaField of X, M be
sigma_Measure of S such that
A1: (M
. X)
= 1;
A2: for A be
Element of S holds (M
. A)
<= 1
proof
reconsider X as
Element of S by
PROB_1: 5;
let A be
Element of S;
(M
. A)
<= (M
. X) by
MEASURE1: 31;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
A3: for x be
object st x
in S holds (M
. x)
in
REAL
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in S;
then
reconsider x as
Element of S;
A4: 1
in
REAL &
0
in
REAL by
XREAL_0:def 1;
0.
<= (M
. x) & (M
. x)
<= 1 by
A2,
MEASURE1:def 2;
hence thesis by
A4,
XXREAL_0: 45;
end;
(
dom M)
= S by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
reconsider P1 = M as
Function of S,
REAL by
A3,
FUNCT_2: 3;
reconsider P1 as
Function of S,
REAL ;
A5: for ASeq be
SetSequence of S st ASeq is
non-ascending holds (P1
* ASeq) is
convergent & (
lim (P1
* ASeq))
= (P1
. (
Intersection ASeq))
proof
let ASeq be
SetSequence of S such that
A6: ASeq is
non-ascending;
for n be
Nat holds
0
<= ((P1
* ASeq)
. n)
proof
let n be
Nat;
A7: n
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
reconsider A = (ASeq
. n) as
Event of S;
0
<= (P1
. A) & (
dom (P1
* ASeq))
=
NAT by
MEASURE1:def 2,
SEQ_1: 1;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_1: 12,
A7;
end;
then
A8: (P1
* ASeq) is
bounded_below by
RINFSUP1: 10;
reconsider F = ASeq as
sequence of S by
Th2;
A9: for n be
Nat holds (F
. (n
+ 1))
c= (F
. n) by
A6,
PROB_2: 6;
A10: (M
. (F
.
0 ))
<
+infty by
A3,
XXREAL_0: 9;
now
let n be
Nat;
reconsider nn = n as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
(
dom (M
* F))
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A11: ((M
* F)
. nn)
= (M
. (F
. nn)) & ((M
* F)
. (nn
+ 1))
= (M
. (F
. (nn
+ 1))) by
FUNCT_1: 12;
(F
. (n
+ 1))
c= (F
. n) by
A6,
PROB_2: 6;
hence ((P1
* ASeq)
. (n
+ 1))
<= ((P1
* ASeq)
. n) by
A11,
MEASURE1: 31;
end;
then
A12: (P1
* ASeq) is
non-increasing by
SEQM_3:def 9;
then (
lim (P1
* ASeq))
= (
lower_bound (P1
* ASeq)) by
A8,
RINFSUP1: 25
.= (
inf (
rng (M
* F))) by
A8,
Th11;
then (
lim (P1
* ASeq))
= (M
. (
meet (
rng F))) by
A9,
A10,
MEASURE3: 12
.= (P1
. (
Intersection ASeq)) by
SETLIM_1: 8;
hence thesis by
A8,
A12;
end;
A13: for A,B be
Event of S st A
misses B holds (P1
. (A
\/ B))
= ((P1
. A)
+ (P1
. B))
proof
let A,B be
Event of S such that
A14: A
misses B;
reconsider A, B as
Element of S;
reconsider A2 = A, B2 = B as
Element of S;
(P1
. (A
\/ B))
= ((M
. A2)
+ (M
. B2)) by
A14,
MEASURE1: 30
.= ((P1
. A)
+ (P1
. B)) by
SUPINF_2: 1;
hence thesis;
end;
(for A be
Event of S holds
0
<= (P1
. A)) & (P1
. X)
= 1 by
A1,
MEASURE1:def 2;
hence thesis by
A13,
A5,
PROB_1:def 8;
end;
definition
let X be non
empty
set, S be
SigmaField of X, M be
sigma_Measure of S;
assume
A1: (M
. X)
= 1;
::
PROB_4:def2
func
M2P (M) ->
Probability of S equals M;
coherence by
A1,
Th14;
end
Lm2: A1 is
non-descending implies for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Union A1)
. n)
= (A1
. n)
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ((
Partial_Union A1)
. $1)
= (A1
. $1);
assume
A1: A1 is
non-descending;
A2: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A3:
P[k];
A4: (A1
. k)
c= (A1
. (k
+ 1)) by
A1,
PROB_2: 7;
thus ((
Partial_Union A1)
. (k
+ 1))
= ((A1
. k)
\/ (A1
. (k
+ 1))) by
A3,
PROB_3:def 2
.= (A1
. (k
+ 1)) by
A4,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
end;
A5:
P[
0 ] by
PROB_3:def 2;
thus for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A5,
A2);
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:15
Th15: A1 is
non-descending implies (
Partial_Union A1)
= A1 by
Lm2;
theorem ::
PROB_4:16
Th16: A1 is
non-descending implies ((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
.
0 )
= (A1
.
0 ) & for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
= ((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ (A1
. n))
proof
assume
A1: A1 is
non-descending;
thus ((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
.
0 )
= (A1
.
0 ) by
PROB_3:def 3;
let n be
Nat;
thus ((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
= ((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ ((
Partial_Union A1)
. n)) by
PROB_3:def 3
.= ((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ (A1
. n)) by
A1,
Lm2;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:17
A1 is
non-descending implies for n holds (A1
. (n
+ 1))
= (((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
\/ (A1
. n))
proof
assume
A1: A1 is
non-descending;
thus for n holds (A1
. (n
+ 1))
= (((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
\/ (A1
. n))
proof
let n;
A2: (A1
. n)
c= (A1
. (n
+ 1)) by
A1,
PROB_2: 7;
thus (((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
\/ (A1
. n))
= (((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ ((
Partial_Union A1)
. n))
\/ (A1
. n)) by
PROB_3:def 3
.= (((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ (A1
. n))
\/ (A1
. n)) by
A1,
Lm2
.= ((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\/ (A1
. n)) by
XBOOLE_1: 39
.= (A1
. (n
+ 1)) by
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
end;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:18
Th18: A1 is
non-descending implies for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
misses (A1
. n)
proof
assume
A1: A1 is
non-descending;
let n be
Nat;
((
Partial_Diff_Union A1)
. (n
+ 1))
= ((A1
. (n
+ 1))
\ (A1
. n)) by
A1,
Th16;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_1: 79;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:19
XSeq is
non-descending implies (
Partial_Union XSeq)
= XSeq by
Th15;
theorem ::
PROB_4:20
XSeq is
non-descending implies ((
Partial_Diff_Union XSeq)
.
0 )
= (XSeq
.
0 ) & for n holds ((
Partial_Diff_Union XSeq)
. (n
+ 1))
= ((XSeq
. (n
+ 1))
\ (XSeq
. n)) by
Th16;
theorem ::
PROB_4:21
XSeq is
non-descending implies for n holds ((
Partial_Diff_Union XSeq)
. (n
+ 1))
misses (XSeq
. n) by
Th18;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
::
PROB_4:def3
attr P is
complete means for A be
Subset of Omega holds for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds (A
c= B & (P
. B)
=
0 implies A
in Sigma);
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:22
P is
complete iff (
P2M P) is
complete by
MEASURE3:def 1;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
::
PROB_4:def4
mode
thin of P ->
Subset of Omega means
:
Def4: ex A be
set st A
in Sigma & it
c= A & (P
. A)
=
0 ;
existence
proof
reconsider B =
{} as
Subset of Omega by
XBOOLE_1: 2;
take B;
take A =
{} ;
thus A
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 4;
thus B
c= A;
thus thesis by
VALUED_0:def 19;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:23
Th23: for Y be
Subset of Omega holds Y is
thin of P iff Y is
thin of (
P2M P)
proof
let Y be
Subset of Omega;
hereby
assume Y is
thin of P;
then ex A be
set st A
in Sigma & Y
c= A & (P
. A)
=
0 by
Def4;
hence Y is
thin of (
P2M P) by
MEASURE3:def 2;
end;
assume Y is
thin of (
P2M P);
then ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & Y
c= B & ((
P2M P)
. B)
=
0. by
MEASURE3:def 2;
hence thesis by
Def4;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:24
Th24:
{} is
thin of P
proof
(P
.
{} )
=
0 &
{}
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 4,
VALUED_0:def 19;
hence thesis by
Def4;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:25
Th25: for B1,B2 be
set st B1
in Sigma & B2
in Sigma holds for C1,C2 be
thin of P holds (B1
\/ C1)
= (B2
\/ C2) implies (P
. B1)
= (P
. B2)
proof
let B1,B2 be
set;
assume
A1: B1
in Sigma & B2
in Sigma;
let C1,C2 be
thin of P;
assume
A2: (B1
\/ C1)
= (B2
\/ C2);
then
A3: B1
c= (B2
\/ C2) by
XBOOLE_1: 7;
A4: B2
c= (B1
\/ C1) by
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 7;
consider D1 be
set such that
A5: D1
in Sigma and
A6: C1
c= D1 and
A7: (P
. D1)
=
0 by
Def4;
A8: (B1
\/ C1)
c= (B1
\/ D1) by
A6,
XBOOLE_1: 9;
consider D2 be
set such that
A9: D2
in Sigma and
A10: C2
c= D2 and
A11: (P
. D2)
=
0 by
Def4;
A12: (B2
\/ C2)
c= (B2
\/ D2) by
A10,
XBOOLE_1: 9;
reconsider B1, B2, D1, D2 as
Event of Sigma by
A1,
A5,
A9;
A13: (P
. (B1
\/ D1))
<= ((P
. B1)
+ (P
. D1)) by
PROB_1: 39;
(P
. B2)
<= (P
. (B1
\/ D1)) by
A4,
A8,
PROB_1: 34,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
then
A14: (P
. B2)
<= (P
. B1) by
A7,
A13,
XXREAL_0: 2;
A15: (P
. (B2
\/ D2))
<= ((P
. B2)
+ (P
. D2)) by
PROB_1: 39;
(P
. B1)
<= (P
. (B2
\/ D2)) by
A3,
A12,
PROB_1: 34,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
then (P
. B1)
<= (P
. B2) by
A11,
A15,
XXREAL_0: 2;
hence thesis by
A14,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
::
PROB_4:def5
func
COM (Sigma,P) -> non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega means
:
Def5: for A be
set holds A
in it iff ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C);
existence
proof
A1:
{} is
thin of P by
Th24;
A2: for A be
set st A
=
{} holds ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)
proof
let A be
set;
consider B be
set such that
A3: B
=
{} and
A4: B
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 4;
consider C be
thin of P such that
A5: C
=
{} by
A1;
assume A
=
{} ;
then A
= (B
\/ C) by
A3,
A5;
hence thesis by
A4;
end;
defpred
P[
set] means for A be
set st A
= $1 holds ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C);
consider D be
set such that
A6: for y be
set holds y
in D iff y
in (
bool Omega) &
P[y] from
XFAMILY:sch 1;
A7: for A be
set holds (A
in D iff ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)))
proof
let A be
set;
A8: A
in D iff (A
in (
bool Omega) & for y be
set holds (y
= A implies ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st y
= (B
\/ C)))) by
A6;
(ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C))) implies A
in D
proof
assume
A9: ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C));
then A
c= Omega by
XBOOLE_1: 8;
hence thesis by
A8,
A9;
end;
hence thesis by
A6;
end;
A10: D
c= (
bool Omega) by
A6;
{}
c= Omega;
then
reconsider D as non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega by
A6,
A10,
A2;
take D;
thus thesis by
A7;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let D1,D2 be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega such that
A11: for A be
set holds (A
in D1 iff ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C))) and
A12: for A be
set holds (A
in D2 iff ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)));
for A be
object holds A
in D1 iff A
in D2
proof
let A be
object;
thus A
in D1 implies A
in D2
proof
assume A
in D1;
then ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)) by
A11;
hence thesis by
A12;
end;
assume A
in D2;
then ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)) by
A12;
hence thesis by
A11;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI: 2;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:26
Th26: for C be
thin of P holds C
in (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let C be
thin of P;
reconsider B =
{} as
Element of Sigma by
PROB_1: 4;
(B
\/ C)
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
Def5;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:27
Th27: (
COM (Sigma,P))
= (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P)))
proof
A1: (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P)))
c= (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P)));
then
consider B be
set such that
A2: B
in Sigma and
A3: ex C be
thin of (
P2M P) st x
= (B
\/ C) by
MEASURE3:def 3;
consider C be
thin of (
P2M P) such that
A4: x
= (B
\/ C) by
A3;
reconsider C1 = C as
thin of P by
Th23;
x
= (B
\/ C1) by
A4;
hence thesis by
A2,
Def5;
end;
(
COM (Sigma,P))
c= (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P)))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
consider B be
set such that
A5: B
in Sigma and
A6: ex C be
thin of P st x
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
consider C be
thin of P such that
A7: x
= (B
\/ C) by
A6;
reconsider C1 = C as
thin of (
P2M P) by
Th23;
x
= (B
\/ C1) by
A7;
hence thesis by
A5,
MEASURE3:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
let A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
::
PROB_4:def6
func
P_COM2M_COM (A) ->
Element of (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P))) equals A;
correctness by
Th27;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:28
Th28: Sigma
c= (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
reconsider C =
{} as
thin of P by
Th24;
let A be
object such that
A1: A
in Sigma;
reconsider AA = A as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
A
= (AA
\/ C);
hence thesis by
A1,
Def5;
end;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
let A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
::
PROB_4:def7
func
ProbPart (A) -> non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega means
:
Def7: for B be
set holds (B
in it iff B
in Sigma & B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P);
existence
proof
defpred
P[
set] means for t be
set holds t
= $1 implies t
in Sigma & t
c= A & (A
\ t) is
thin of P;
consider D be
set such that
A1: for t be
set holds t
in D iff t
in (
bool Omega) &
P[t] from
XFAMILY:sch 1;
A2: for B be
set holds B
in D iff B
in Sigma & B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P
proof
let B be
set;
B
in Sigma & B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P implies B
in D
proof
assume that
A3: B
in Sigma and
A4: B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P;
for t be
set holds t
= B implies t
in Sigma & t
c= A & (A
\ t) is
thin of P by
A3,
A4;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3;
end;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
A5: D
c= (
bool Omega)
proof
let B be
object;
assume B
in D;
then B
in Sigma by
A2;
hence thesis;
end;
D
<>
{}
proof
consider B be
set such that
A6: B
in Sigma and
A7: ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
consider C be
thin of P such that
A8: A
= (B
\/ C) by
A7;
consider E be
set such that
A9: E
in Sigma and
A10: C
c= E and
A11: (P
. E)
=
0 by
Def4;
(A
\ B)
= (C
\ B) by
A8,
XBOOLE_1: 40;
then (A
\ B)
c= C by
XBOOLE_1: 36;
then (A
\ B)
c= E by
A10;
then
A12: (A
\ B) is
thin of P by
A9,
A11,
Def4;
B
c= A by
A8,
XBOOLE_1: 7;
hence thesis by
A2,
A6,
A12;
end;
then
reconsider D as non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega by
A5;
take D;
thus thesis by
A2;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let D1,D2 be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega such that
A13: for B be
set holds B
in D1 iff B
in Sigma & B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P and
A14: for B be
set holds B
in D2 iff B
in Sigma & B
c= A & (A
\ B) is
thin of P;
for B be
object holds B
in D1 iff B
in D2
proof
let B be
object;
reconsider BB = B as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
thus B
in D1 implies B
in D2
proof
assume
A15: B
in D1;
then
A16: (A
\ BB) is
thin of P by
A13;
B
in Sigma & BB
c= A by
A13,
A15;
hence thesis by
A14,
A16;
end;
assume
A17: B
in D2;
then
A18: (A
\ BB) is
thin of P by
A14;
B
in Sigma & BB
c= A by
A14,
A17;
hence thesis by
A13,
A18;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI: 2;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:29
for A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds (
ProbPart A)
= (
MeasPart (
P_COM2M_COM A))
proof
let A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
A1: (
MeasPart (
P_COM2M_COM A))
c= (
ProbPart A)
proof
let x be
object such that
A2: x
in (
MeasPart (
P_COM2M_COM A));
reconsider xx = x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
((
P_COM2M_COM A)
\ xx) is
thin of (
P2M P) by
A2,
MEASURE3:def 4;
then
A3: (A
\ xx) is
thin of P by
Th23;
x
in Sigma & xx
c= (
P_COM2M_COM A) by
A2,
MEASURE3:def 4;
hence thesis by
A3,
Def7;
end;
(
ProbPart A)
c= (
MeasPart (
P_COM2M_COM A))
proof
let x be
object such that
A4: x
in (
ProbPart A);
reconsider xx = x as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
(A
\ xx) is
thin of P by
A4,
Def7;
then
A5: ((
P_COM2M_COM A)
\ xx) is
thin of (
P2M P) by
Th23;
x
in Sigma & xx
c= A by
A4,
Def7;
hence thesis by
A5,
MEASURE3:def 4;
end;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:30
for A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds for A1,A2 be
set st A1
in (
ProbPart A) & A2
in (
ProbPart A) holds (P
. A1)
= (P
. A2)
proof
let A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
let A1,A2 be
set such that
A1: A1
in (
ProbPart A) and
A2: A2
in (
ProbPart A);
reconsider C1 = (A
\ A1), C2 = (A
\ A2) as
thin of P by
A1,
A2,
Def7;
A3: A2
c= A by
A2,
Def7;
A1
c= A by
A1,
Def7;
then
A4: (A1
\/ C1)
= A by
XBOOLE_1: 45
.= (A2
\/ C2) by
A3,
XBOOLE_1: 45;
A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma by
A1,
A2,
Def7;
hence thesis by
A4,
Th25;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:31
Th31: for F be
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds ex BSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma st for n holds (BSeq
. n)
in (
ProbPart (F
. n))
proof
let F be
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P));
defpred
P[
Element of
NAT ,
set] means for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds (n
= $1 & y
= $2 implies y
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)));
A1: for t be
Element of
NAT holds ex A be
Element of Sigma st
P[t, A]
proof
let t be
Element of
NAT ;
set A = the
Element of (
ProbPart (F
. t));
reconsider A as
Element of Sigma by
Def7;
take A;
thus thesis;
end;
ex G be
sequence of Sigma st for t be
Element of
NAT holds
P[t, (G
. t)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 3(
A1);
then
consider G be
sequence of Sigma such that
A2: for t be
Element of
NAT holds for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds (n
= t & y
= (G
. t) implies y
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)));
reconsider BSeq = G as
SetSequence of Omega by
FUNCT_2: 7;
reconsider BSeq as
SetSequence of Sigma;
take BSeq;
thus thesis by
A2;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:32
Th32: for F be
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)), BSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma holds ex CSeq be
SetSequence of Omega st for n holds (CSeq
. n)
= ((F
. n)
\ (BSeq
. n))
proof
let F be
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)), G be
SetSequence of Sigma;
defpred
P[
Element of
NAT ,
set] means for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds (n
= $1 & y
= $2 implies y
= ((F
. n)
\ (G
. n)));
A1: for t be
Element of
NAT holds ex A be
Element of (
bool Omega) st
P[t, A]
proof
let t be
Element of
NAT ;
(F
. t) is
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
reconsider A = ((F
. t)
\ (G
. t)) as
Element of (
bool Omega) by
XBOOLE_1: 1;
take A;
thus thesis;
end;
ex H be
sequence of (
bool Omega) st for t be
Element of
NAT holds
P[t, (H
. t)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 3(
A1);
then
consider H be
sequence of (
bool Omega) such that
A2: for t be
Element of
NAT holds for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds n
= t & y
= (H
. t) implies y
= ((F
. n)
\ (G
. n));
take H;
thus thesis by
A2;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:33
Th33: for BSeq be
SetSequence of Omega st (for n holds (BSeq
. n) is
thin of P) holds ex CSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma st for n holds (BSeq
. n)
c= (CSeq
. n) & (P
. (CSeq
. n))
=
0
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of Omega;
defpred
P[
Element of
NAT ,
set] means for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds (n
= $1 & y
= $2 implies y
in Sigma & (BSeq
. n)
c= y & (P
. y)
=
0 );
assume
A1: for n holds (BSeq
. n) is
thin of P;
A2: for t be
Element of
NAT holds ex A be
Element of Sigma st
P[t, A]
proof
let t be
Element of
NAT ;
(BSeq
. t) is
thin of P by
A1;
then
consider A be
set such that
A3: A
in Sigma and
A4: (BSeq
. t)
c= A & (P
. A)
=
0 by
Def4;
reconsider A as
Element of Sigma by
A3;
take A;
thus thesis by
A4;
end;
ex G be
sequence of Sigma st for t be
Element of
NAT holds
P[t, (G
. t)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 3(
A2);
then
consider G be
sequence of Sigma such that
A5: for t be
Element of
NAT holds for n be
Element of
NAT holds for y be
set holds (n
= t & y
= (G
. t) implies y
in Sigma & (BSeq
. n)
c= y & (P
. y)
=
0 );
reconsider CSeq = G as
SetSequence of Omega by
FUNCT_2: 7;
reconsider CSeq as
SetSequence of Sigma;
take CSeq;
thus thesis by
A5;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:34
Th34: for D be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega holds (for A be
set holds (A
in D iff ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C))) implies D is
SigmaField of Omega
proof
let D be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega;
assume
A1: for A be
set holds A
in D iff ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C);
A2: for A1 be
SetSequence of Omega st (
rng A1)
c= D holds (
Union A1)
in D
proof
let A1 be
SetSequence of Omega;
reconsider F = A1 as
sequence of (
bool Omega);
A3: (
dom F)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
assume
A4: (
rng A1)
c= D;
A5: for n holds ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st (F
. n)
= (B
\/ C)
proof
let n;
(F
. n)
in (
rng F) by
NAT_1: 51;
hence thesis by
A1,
A4;
end;
for n holds (F
. n)
in (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let n;
ex B be
set st (B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st (F
. n)
= (B
\/ C)) by
A5;
hence thesis by
Def5;
end;
then for n be
object st n
in
NAT holds (F
. n)
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
reconsider F as
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
A3,
FUNCT_2: 3;
consider BSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma such that
A6: for n holds (BSeq
. n)
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)) by
Th31;
consider CSeq be
SetSequence of Omega such that
A7: for n holds (CSeq
. n)
= ((F
. n)
\ (BSeq
. n)) by
Th32;
A8: for n be
Element of
NAT holds (BSeq
. n)
in Sigma & (BSeq
. n)
c= (F
. n) & ((F
. n)
\ (BSeq
. n)) is
thin of P
proof
let n be
Element of
NAT ;
(BSeq
. n)
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)) by
A6;
hence thesis by
Def7;
end;
for n holds (CSeq
. n) is
thin of P
proof
let n be
Element of
NAT ;
((F
. n)
\ (BSeq
. n)) is
thin of P by
A8;
hence thesis by
A7;
end;
then
consider DSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma such that
A9: for n holds (CSeq
. n)
c= (DSeq
. n) & (P
. (DSeq
. n))
=
0 by
Th33;
A10: (
Union A1)
= (
union (
rng A1)) by
CARD_3:def 4;
ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st (
Union A1)
= (B
\/ C)
proof
set B = (
union (
rng BSeq));
take B;
A11: (
union (
rng BSeq))
c= (
union (
rng F))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (
rng BSeq));
then
consider Z be
set such that
A12: x
in Z and
A13: Z
in (
rng BSeq) by
TARSKI:def 4;
(
dom BSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
consider n be
object such that
A14: n
in
NAT and
A15: Z
= (BSeq
. n) by
A13,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A14;
set P = (F
. n);
A16: (BSeq
. n)
c= P by
A8;
ex P be
set st P
in (
rng F) & x
in P
proof
take P;
thus thesis by
A3,
A12,
A15,
A16,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
A17: ex C be
thin of P st (
Union A1)
= (B
\/ C)
proof
set C = ((
Union A1)
\ B);
(
Union DSeq)
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 17;
then
A18: (
union (
rng DSeq))
in Sigma by
CARD_3:def 4;
A19: C
c= (
union (
rng CSeq))
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A20: x
in C;
then x
in (
union (
rng F)) by
A10,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
consider Z be
set such that
A21: x
in Z and
A22: Z
in (
rng F) by
TARSKI:def 4;
consider n be
object such that
A23: n
in
NAT and
A24: Z
= (F
. n) by
A3,
A22,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A23;
A25: not x
in (
union (
rng BSeq)) by
A20,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
not x
in (BSeq
. n)
proof
(
dom BSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A26: (BSeq
. n)
in (
rng BSeq) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
assume x
in (BSeq
. n);
hence thesis by
A25,
A26,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
then
A27: x
in ((F
. n)
\ (BSeq
. n)) by
A21,
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
ex Z be
set st x
in Z & Z
in (
rng CSeq)
proof
take (CSeq
. n);
(
dom CSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
hence thesis by
A7,
A27,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
for A be
set holds A
in (
rng DSeq) implies (P
. A)
=
0
proof
let A be
set;
A28: (
dom DSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
assume A
in (
rng DSeq);
then ex n be
object st n
in
NAT & A
= (DSeq
. n) by
A28,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
A9;
end;
then
A29: (P
. (
union (
rng DSeq)))
=
0 by
Th8;
(
union (
rng CSeq))
c= (
union (
rng DSeq))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (
rng CSeq));
then
consider Z be
set such that
A30: x
in Z and
A31: Z
in (
rng CSeq) by
TARSKI:def 4;
(
dom CSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
consider n be
object such that
A32: n
in
NAT and
A33: Z
= (CSeq
. n) by
A31,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A32;
n
in (
dom DSeq) by
A32,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A34: (DSeq
. n)
in (
rng DSeq) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
(CSeq
. n)
c= (DSeq
. n) by
A9;
hence thesis by
A30,
A33,
A34,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
then C
c= (
union (
rng DSeq)) by
A19;
then
A35: C is
thin of P by
A29,
A18,
Def4;
(
Union A1)
= (C
\/ ((
union (
rng F))
/\ (
union (
rng BSeq)))) by
A10,
XBOOLE_1: 51
.= (B
\/ C) by
A11,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
then
consider C be
thin of P such that
A36: (
Union A1)
= (B
\/ C) by
A35;
take C;
thus thesis by
A36;
end;
(
Union BSeq)
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 17;
hence thesis by
A17,
CARD_3:def 4;
end;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
for A be
Subset of Omega holds A
in D implies (A
` )
in D
proof
let A be
Subset of Omega;
assume
A37: A
in D;
ex Q be
set st Q
in Sigma & ex W be
thin of P st (Omega
\ A)
= (Q
\/ W)
proof
consider B be
set such that
A38: B
in Sigma and
A39: ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C) by
A1,
A37;
consider C be
thin of P such that
A40: A
= (B
\/ C) by
A39;
reconsider B as
Subset of Omega by
A38;
set H = (Omega
\ B);
consider G be
set such that
A41: G
in Sigma and
A42: C
c= G and
A43: (P
. G)
=
0 by
Def4;
set Q = (H
\ G);
A44: (Omega
\ A)
= (H
\ C) by
A40,
XBOOLE_1: 41;
A45: ex W be
thin of P st (Omega
\ A)
= (Q
\/ W)
proof
set W = (H
/\ (G
\ C));
W
c= H by
XBOOLE_1: 17;
then
reconsider W as
Subset of Omega by
XBOOLE_1: 1;
reconsider W as
thin of P by
A41,
A43,
Def4;
take W;
thus thesis by
A42,
A44,
Lm1;
end;
take Q;
(B
` )
in Sigma by
A38,
PROB_1:def 1;
hence thesis by
A41,
A45,
PROB_1: 6;
end;
hence thesis by
A1;
end;
hence thesis by
A2,
Th4;
end;
registration
let Omega, Sigma, P;
cluster (
COM (Sigma,P)) ->
compl-closed
sigma-multiplicative;
coherence
proof
for A be
set holds (A
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) iff ex B be
set st B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C)) by
Def5;
hence thesis by
Th34;
end;
end
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
:: original:
thin
redefine
mode
thin of P ->
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) ;
coherence by
Th26;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:35
Th35: for A be
set holds (A
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) iff ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= A & A
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 )
proof
let A be
set;
thus A
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) implies ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= A & A
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0
proof
assume A
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
consider B be
set such that
A1: B
in Sigma and
A2: ex C be
thin of P st A
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
consider C be
thin of P such that
A3: A
= (B
\/ C) by
A2;
reconsider B as
Event of Sigma by
A1;
consider D be
set such that
A4: D
in Sigma and
A5: C
c= D and
A6: (P
. D)
=
0 by
Def4;
reconsider D as
Event of Sigma by
A4;
reconsider E = (D
\/ B) as
Event of Sigma;
A7: (P
. (D
\/ B))
<= ((P
. D)
+ (P
. B)) by
PROB_1: 39;
(P
. (E
\ B))
= (P
. (D
\ B)) by
XBOOLE_1: 40
.= ((P
. (D
\/ B))
- (P
. B)) by
Th5;
then (P
. (E
\ B))
<=
0 by
A6,
A7,
XREAL_1: 47;
then
A8: (P
. (E
\ B))
=
0 by
PROB_1:def 8;
A
c= E by
A3,
A5,
XBOOLE_1: 9;
hence thesis by
A2,
A8,
XBOOLE_1: 7;
end;
thus (ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= A & A
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 ) implies A
in (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
given A1,A2 be
set such that
A9: A1
in Sigma and
A10: A2
in Sigma and
A11: A1
c= A and
A12: A
c= A2 and
A13: (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 ;
reconsider A2 as
Element of Sigma by
A10;
reconsider A1 as
Element of Sigma by
A9;
set C = (A
\ A1);
A14: C is
thin of P
proof
reconsider D = (A2
\ A1) as
Element of Sigma;
A15: C
c= D
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in C;
then x
in A & not x
in A1 by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence thesis by
A12,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
then C
c= Omega by
XBOOLE_1: 1;
hence thesis by
A13,
A15,
Def4;
end;
A
= (A1
\/ C) by
A11,
XBOOLE_1: 45;
hence thesis by
A14,
Def5;
end;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:36
for C be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega holds (for A be
set holds (A
in C iff ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= A & A
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 )) implies C
= (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let C be non
empty
Subset-Family of Omega;
assume
A1: for A be
set holds (A
in C iff ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= A & A
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 );
now
let A be
object;
reconsider AA = A as
set by
TARSKI: 1;
A
in C iff ex A1,A2 be
set st A1
in Sigma & A2
in Sigma & A1
c= AA & AA
c= A2 & (P
. (A2
\ A1))
=
0 by
A1;
hence A
in C iff A
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
Th35;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI: 2;
end;
definition
let Omega, Sigma, P;
::
PROB_4:def8
func
COM (P) ->
Probability of (
COM (Sigma,P)) means
:
Def8: for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of P holds (it
. (B
\/ C))
= (P
. B);
existence
proof
reconsider C =
{} as
thin of P by
Th24;
defpred
P[
object,
object] means for x,y be
set st x
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds (x
= $1 & y
= $2 implies (for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of P holds (x
= (B
\/ C) implies y
= (P
. B))));
set B =
{} ;
A1:
{} is
thin of P by
Th24;
A2: for x be
object st x
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds ex y be
object st y
in
REAL &
P[x, y]
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
consider B be
set such that
A3: B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st x
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
take (P
. B);
thus thesis by
A3,
Th25,
FUNCT_2: 5;
end;
consider comP be
Function of (
COM (Sigma,P)),
REAL such that
A4: for x be
object st x
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds
P[x, (comP
. x)] from
FUNCT_2:sch 1(
A2);
A5: for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of P holds (comP
. (B
\/ C))
= (P
. B)
proof
let B be
set;
assume
A6: B
in Sigma;
let C be
thin of P;
(B
\/ C)
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
A6,
Def5;
hence thesis by
A4,
A6;
end;
A7: for BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st BSeq is
disjoint_valued holds (
Sum (comP
* BSeq))
= (comP
. (
Union BSeq))
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) such that
A8: BSeq is
disjoint_valued;
reconsider F = BSeq as
sequence of (
bool Omega);
(
rng F)
c= (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
RELAT_1:def 19;
then
reconsider F as
sequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
FUNCT_2: 6;
consider CSeq be
SetSequence of Sigma such that
A9: for n holds (CSeq
. n)
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)) by
Th31;
consider B be
set such that
A10: B
= (
union (
rng CSeq));
(
Union CSeq)
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 17;
then
reconsider B as
Element of Sigma by
A10,
CARD_3:def 4;
consider DSeq be
SetSequence of Omega such that
A11: for n holds (DSeq
. n)
= ((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n)) by
Th32;
A12: for n be
Element of
NAT holds (CSeq
. n)
in Sigma & (CSeq
. n)
c= (F
. n) & ((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n)) is
thin of P
proof
let n be
Element of
NAT ;
(CSeq
. n)
in (
ProbPart (F
. n)) by
A9;
hence thesis by
Def7;
end;
for n be
Element of
NAT holds (DSeq
. n) is
thin of P
proof
let n be
Element of
NAT ;
((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n)) is
thin of P by
A12;
hence thesis by
A11;
end;
then
consider ESeq be
SetSequence of Sigma such that
A13: for n holds (DSeq
. n)
c= (ESeq
. n) & (P
. (ESeq
. n))
=
0 by
Th33;
A14: (
dom BSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
A15: B
c= (
union (
rng F))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in B;
then
consider Z be
set such that
A16: x
in Z and
A17: Z
in (
rng CSeq) by
A10,
TARSKI:def 4;
(
dom CSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
consider n be
object such that
A18: n
in
NAT and
A19: Z
= (CSeq
. n) by
A17,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A18;
set P = (F
. n);
A20: (CSeq
. n)
c= P by
A12;
ex P be
set st P
in (
rng F) & x
in P
proof
take P;
thus thesis by
A14,
A16,
A19,
A20,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
A21: ex C be
thin of P st (
union (
rng F))
= (B
\/ C)
proof
set C = ((
union (
rng F))
\ B);
A22: (
union (
rng F))
= (C
\/ ((
union (
rng F))
/\ B)) by
XBOOLE_1: 51
.= (B
\/ C) by
A15,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
reconsider C as
Subset of Omega;
A23: C
c= (
union (
rng DSeq))
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A24: x
in C;
then x
in (
union (
rng F)) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
consider Z be
set such that
A25: x
in Z and
A26: Z
in (
rng F) by
TARSKI:def 4;
consider n be
object such that
A27: n
in
NAT and
A28: Z
= (F
. n) by
A14,
A26,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A27;
A29: not x
in (
union (
rng CSeq)) by
A10,
A24,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
not x
in (CSeq
. n)
proof
(
dom CSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A30: (CSeq
. n)
in (
rng CSeq) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
assume x
in (CSeq
. n);
hence thesis by
A29,
A30,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
then
A31: x
in ((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n)) by
A25,
A28,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
ex Z be
set st x
in Z & Z
in (
rng DSeq)
proof
take (DSeq
. n);
(
dom DSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
hence thesis by
A11,
A31,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
end;
hence thesis by
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
for A be
set holds A
in (
rng ESeq) implies (P
. A)
=
0
proof
let A be
set;
A32: (
dom ESeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
assume A
in (
rng ESeq);
then ex n be
object st n
in
NAT & A
= (ESeq
. n) by
A32,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
A13;
end;
then
A33: (P
. (
union (
rng ESeq)))
=
0 by
Th8;
(
Union ESeq)
in Sigma by
PROB_1: 17;
then
A34: (
union (
rng ESeq))
in Sigma by
CARD_3:def 4;
(
union (
rng DSeq))
c= (
union (
rng ESeq))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
union (
rng DSeq));
then
consider Z be
set such that
A35: x
in Z and
A36: Z
in (
rng DSeq) by
TARSKI:def 4;
(
dom DSeq)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
consider n be
object such that
A37: n
in
NAT and
A38: Z
= (DSeq
. n) by
A36,
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
A37;
n
in (
dom ESeq) by
A37,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A39: (ESeq
. n)
in (
rng ESeq) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
(DSeq
. n)
c= (ESeq
. n) by
A13;
hence thesis by
A35,
A38,
A39,
TARSKI:def 4;
end;
then C
c= (
union (
rng ESeq)) by
A23;
then C is
thin of P by
A34,
A33,
Def4;
then
consider C be
thin of P such that
A40: (
union (
rng F))
= (B
\/ C) by
A22;
take C;
thus thesis by
A40;
end;
for n,m be
object st n
<> m holds (CSeq
. n)
misses (CSeq
. m)
proof
let n,m be
object;
A41: (
dom F)
=
NAT by
FUNCT_2:def 1
.= (
dom CSeq) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
for n be
object holds (CSeq
. n)
c= (F
. n)
proof
let n be
object;
per cases ;
suppose n
in (
dom F);
hence thesis by
A12;
end;
suppose
A42: not n
in (
dom F);
then (F
. n)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 2
.= (CSeq
. n) by
A41,
A42,
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
then
A43: (CSeq
. n)
c= (F
. n) & (CSeq
. m)
c= (F
. m);
assume n
<> m;
then (F
. n)
misses (F
. m) by
A8,
PROB_2:def 2;
then ((F
. n)
/\ (F
. m))
=
{} ;
then ((CSeq
. n)
/\ (CSeq
. m))
=
{} by
A43,
XBOOLE_1: 3,
XBOOLE_1: 27;
hence thesis;
end;
then
A44: CSeq is
disjoint_valued;
(
Sum (comP
* F))
= (comP
. (
Union F))
proof
A45: for n holds (comP
. (F
. n))
= (P
. (CSeq
. n))
proof
let n;
((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n)) is
thin of P by
A12;
then
consider C be
thin of P such that
A46: C
= ((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n));
(F
. n)
= (((F
. n)
/\ (CSeq
. n))
\/ ((F
. n)
\ (CSeq
. n))) by
XBOOLE_1: 51
.= ((CSeq
. n)
\/ C) by
A12,
A46,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
hence thesis by
A5;
end;
for x be
Element of
NAT holds ((comP
* F)
. x)
= ((P
* CSeq)
. x)
proof
let x be
Element of
NAT ;
((comP
* F)
. x)
= (comP
. (F
. x)) by
FUNCT_2: 15
.= (P
. (CSeq
. x)) by
A45
.= ((P
* CSeq)
. x) by
FUNCT_2: 15;
hence thesis;
end;
then
A47: (
Sum (comP
* F))
= (
Sum (P
* CSeq)) by
FUNCT_2: 63;
(comP
. (
union (
rng F)))
= (P
. (
union (
rng CSeq))) by
A5,
A10,
A21;
then (comP
. (
Union F))
= (P
. (
union (
rng CSeq))) by
CARD_3:def 4
.= (P
. (
Union CSeq)) by
CARD_3:def 4;
hence thesis by
A44,
A47,
PROB_3: 46;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
A48: for x be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds (comP
. x)
>=
0
proof
let x be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P));
consider B be
set such that
A49: B
in Sigma and
A50: ex C be
thin of P st x
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
reconsider B as
Element of Sigma by
A49;
(comP
. x)
= (P
. B) by
A4,
A50;
hence thesis by
PROB_1:def 8;
end;
{}
= (B
\/ C);
then
A51: (comP
.
{} )
= (P
.
{} ) by
A5,
PROB_1: 4
.=
0 by
VALUED_0:def 19;
A52: for A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st A
misses B holds (comP
. (A
\/ B))
= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
proof
let A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) such that
A53: A
misses B;
reconsider A1 = A, B1 = B as
Subset of Omega;
reconsider BSeq = ((A1,B1)
followed_by (
{} Omega)) as
SetSequence of Omega;
A54: (BSeq
. 1)
= B by
FUNCT_7: 123;
A55: (BSeq
.
0 )
= A by
FUNCT_7: 122;
for n be
Nat holds (BSeq
. n)
in (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let n be
Nat;
per cases ;
suppose n
=
0 ;
hence thesis by
A55;
end;
suppose n
<>
0 ;
then n
>= 1 by
NAT_1: 14;
then
A56: (n
+ 1)
> 1 by
NAT_1: 13;
per cases by
A56,
NAT_1: 22;
suppose n
> 1;
then (BSeq
. n)
=
{} by
FUNCT_7: 124;
hence thesis by
PROB_1: 4;
end;
suppose n
= 1;
hence thesis by
A54;
end;
end;
end;
then (
rng BSeq)
c= (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
NAT_1: 52;
then
reconsider BSeq as
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
RELAT_1:def 19;
for m be
Nat st 2
<= m holds ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. m)
= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
proof
A57: ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
.
0 )
= ((comP
* BSeq)
.
0 ) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (comP
. A) by
A55,
FUNCT_2: 15;
(
0
+ 1)
= 1;
then
A58: ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. 1)
= (((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
.
0 )
+ ((comP
* BSeq)
. 1)) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B)) by
A54,
A57,
FUNCT_2: 15;
A59: for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. (2
+ n))
= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. (2
+ $1))
= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B));
A60: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A61:
P[k];
A62: ((2
+ k)
+ 1)
> (
0
+ 1) by
XREAL_1: 8;
thus ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. (2
+ (k
+ 1)))
= (((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. (2
+ k))
+ ((comP
* BSeq)
. ((2
+ k)
+ 1))) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
+ (comP
. (BSeq
. ((2
+ k)
+ 1)))) by
A61,
FUNCT_2: 15
.= (((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
+ (comP
.
{} )) by
A62,
FUNCT_7: 124
.= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B)) by
A51;
end;
2
= (1
+ 1);
then ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. (2
+
0 ))
= (((
Partial_Sums (comP
* BSeq))
. 1)
+ ((comP
* BSeq)
. 2)) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
+ (comP
. (BSeq
. 2))) by
A58,
FUNCT_2: 15
.= (((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B))
+ (comP
.
{} )) by
FUNCT_7: 124
.= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B)) by
A51;
then
A63:
P[
0 ];
thus for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A63,
A60);
end;
let m be
Nat;
assume 2
<= m;
then
consider k be
Nat such that
A64: m
= (2
+ k) by
NAT_1: 10;
thus thesis by
A59,
A64;
end;
then
A65: (
Union BSeq)
= (A
\/ B) & (
Sum (comP
* BSeq))
= ((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. B)) by
DYNKIN: 3,
PROB_1: 1;
BSeq is
disjoint_valued by
A53,
Th3;
hence thesis by
A7,
A65;
end;
A66: for A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st A
c= B holds (comP
. (B
\ A))
= ((comP
. B)
- (comP
. A))
proof
let A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P));
assume
A67: A
c= B;
((comP
. A)
+ (comP
. (B
\ A)))
= (comP
. (A
\/ (B
\ A))) by
A52,
XBOOLE_1: 79
.= (comP
. B) by
A67,
XBOOLE_1: 45;
hence thesis;
end;
A68: for A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st A
c= B holds (comP
. A)
<= (comP
. B)
proof
let A,B be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P));
assume A
c= B;
then (comP
. (B
\ A))
= ((comP
. B)
- (comP
. A)) by
A66;
then
0
<= ((comP
. B)
- (comP
. A)) by
A48;
then (
0
+ (comP
. A))
<= (comP
. B) by
XREAL_1: 19;
hence thesis;
end;
A69: for BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st BSeq is
non-descending holds (comP
* BSeq) is
non-decreasing
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) such that
A70: BSeq is
non-descending;
for n,m be
Nat st n
<= m holds ((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
<= ((comP
* BSeq)
. m)
proof
let n,m be
Nat;
A71: n
in
NAT & m
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
assume n
<= m;
then (BSeq
. n)
c= (BSeq
. m) by
A70,
PROB_1:def 5;
then (comP
. (BSeq
. n))
<= (comP
. (BSeq
. m)) by
A68;
then ((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
<= (comP
. (BSeq
. m)) by
FUNCT_2: 15,
A71;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_2: 15,
A71;
end;
hence thesis by
SEQM_3: 6;
end;
A72: (comP
. Omega)
= (comP
. (B
\/ Omega))
.= (P
. Omega) by
A5,
A1,
PROB_1: 5
.= 1 by
PROB_1:def 8;
A73: for A be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds (comP
. A)
<= 1
proof
reconsider B = Omega as
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
PROB_1: 23;
let A be
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P));
(comP
. A)
<= (comP
. B) by
A68;
hence thesis by
A72;
end;
A74: for BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) holds for n holds ((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
<= 1
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P));
let n;
((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
= (comP
. (BSeq
. n)) by
FUNCT_2: 15;
hence thesis by
A73;
end;
A75: for BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st BSeq is
non-descending holds (comP
* BSeq) is
bounded_above & (comP
* BSeq) is
convergent
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P));
assume BSeq is
non-descending;
then
A76: (comP
* BSeq) is
non-decreasing by
A69;
for n be
Nat holds ((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
< 2
proof
let n be
Nat;
n
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
then (((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
+
0 )
< (1
+ 1) by
A74,
XREAL_1: 8;
hence thesis;
end;
hence (comP
* BSeq) is
bounded_above by
SEQ_2:def 3;
hence thesis by
A76;
end;
for BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) st BSeq is
non-descending holds (comP
* BSeq) is
convergent & (
lim (comP
* BSeq))
= (comP
. (
Union BSeq))
proof
let BSeq be
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P)) such that
A77: BSeq is
non-descending;
reconsider CSeq = (
Partial_Diff_Union BSeq) as
SetSequence of (
COM (Sigma,P));
A78: for n be
Nat holds ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq))
. n)
= ((comP
* BSeq)
. n)
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq))
. $1)
= ((comP
* BSeq)
. $1);
A79: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat such that
A80:
P[k];
A81: (BSeq
. k)
c= (BSeq
. (k
+ 1)) by
A77,
PROB_2: 7;
reconsider kk = k as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
thus ((
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq))
. (k
+ 1))
= (((comP
* BSeq)
. kk)
+ ((comP
* CSeq)
. (k
+ 1))) by
A80,
SERIES_1:def 1
.= ((comP
. (BSeq
. kk))
+ ((comP
* CSeq)
. (k
+ 1))) by
FUNCT_2: 15
.= ((comP
. (BSeq
. k))
+ (comP
. (CSeq
. (k
+ 1)))) by
FUNCT_2: 15
.= (comP
. ((BSeq
. k)
\/ (CSeq
. (k
+ 1)))) by
A52,
A77,
Th18
.= (comP
. ((BSeq
. k)
\/ ((BSeq
. (k
+ 1))
\ (BSeq
. k)))) by
A77,
Th16
.= (comP
. ((BSeq
. k)
\/ (BSeq
. (k
+ 1)))) by
XBOOLE_1: 39
.= (comP
. (BSeq
. (k
+ 1))) by
A81,
XBOOLE_1: 12
.= ((comP
* BSeq)
. (k
+ 1)) by
FUNCT_2: 15;
end;
((
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq))
.
0 )
= ((comP
* CSeq)
.
0 ) by
SERIES_1:def 1
.= (comP
. (CSeq
.
0 )) by
FUNCT_2: 15
.= (comP
. (BSeq
.
0 )) by
A77,
Th16
.= ((comP
* BSeq)
.
0 ) by
FUNCT_2: 15;
then
A82:
P[
0 ];
thus for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A82,
A79);
end;
A83: (
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq))
= (comP
* BSeq) by
A78;
(comP
. (
Union BSeq))
= (comP
. (
Union CSeq)) by
PROB_3: 36
.= (
Sum (comP
* CSeq)) by
A7
.= (
lim (
Partial_Sums (comP
* CSeq)));
hence thesis by
A75,
A77,
A83;
end;
then
reconsider comP as
Probability of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
A48,
A72,
A52,
PROB_2: 10;
take comP;
thus thesis by
A5;
end;
uniqueness
proof
let P1,P2 be
Probability of (
COM (Sigma,P)) such that
A84: for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of P holds (P1
. (B
\/ C))
= (P
. B) and
A85: for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of P holds (P2
. (B
\/ C))
= (P
. B);
for x be
object holds x
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) implies (P1
. x)
= (P2
. x)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
then
consider B be
set such that
A86: B
in Sigma & ex C be
thin of P st x
= (B
\/ C) by
Def5;
(P1
. x)
= (P
. B) by
A84,
A86
.= (P2
. x) by
A85,
A86;
hence thesis;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
end
theorem ::
PROB_4:37
(
COM P)
= (
COM (
P2M P))
proof
set Y = (
COM P);
(
COM (Sigma,P))
= (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P))) by
Th27;
then
reconsider Y1 = (
P2M Y) as
sigma_Measure of (
COM (Sigma,(
P2M P)));
for B be
set st B
in Sigma holds for C be
thin of (
P2M P) holds (Y1
. (B
\/ C))
= ((
P2M P)
. B)
proof
let B be
set such that
A1: B
in Sigma;
let C be
thin of (
P2M P);
reconsider C1 = C as
thin of P by
Th23;
(Y
. (B
\/ C1))
= (P
. B) by
A1,
Def8;
hence thesis;
end;
hence thesis by
MEASURE3:def 5;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:38
(
COM P) is
complete
proof
for A be
Subset of Omega holds for B be
set st B
in (
COM (Sigma,P)) & A
c= B & ((
COM P)
. B)
=
0 holds A
in (
COM (Sigma,P))
proof
let A be
Subset of Omega;
let B be
set;
assume
A1: B
in (
COM (Sigma,P));
assume that
A2: A
c= B and
A3: ((
COM P)
. B)
=
0 ;
ex B1 be
set st (B1
in Sigma & ex C1 be
thin of P st A
= (B1
\/ C1))
proof
take
{} ;
consider B2 be
set such that
A4: B2
in Sigma and
A5: ex C2 be
thin of P st B
= (B2
\/ C2) by
A1,
Def5;
A6: (P
. B2)
=
0 by
A3,
A4,
A5,
Def8;
consider C2 be
thin of P such that
A7: B
= (B2
\/ C2) by
A5;
set C1 = ((A
/\ B2)
\/ (A
/\ C2));
consider D2 be
set such that
A8: D2
in Sigma and
A9: C2
c= D2 and
A10: (P
. D2)
=
0 by
Def4;
set O = (B2
\/ D2);
(A
/\ C2)
c= C2 by
XBOOLE_1: 17;
then
A11: (A
/\ B2)
c= B2 & (A
/\ C2)
c= D2 by
A9,
XBOOLE_1: 17;
ex O be
set st O
in Sigma & C1
c= O & (P
. O)
=
0
proof
reconsider B2, D2 as
Element of Sigma by
A4,
A8;
take O;
(P
. (B2
\/ D2))
<= (
0
+
0 ) by
A6,
A10,
PROB_1: 39;
hence thesis by
A11,
PROB_1:def 8,
XBOOLE_1: 13;
end;
then
A12: C1 is
thin of P by
Def4;
A
= (A
/\ (B2
\/ C2)) by
A2,
A7,
XBOOLE_1: 28
.= (
{}
\/ C1) by
XBOOLE_1: 23;
hence thesis by
A12,
PROB_1: 4;
end;
hence thesis by
Def5;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:39
Th39: for A be
Event of Sigma holds (P
. A)
= ((
COM P)
. A)
proof
reconsider C =
{} as
thin of P by
Th24;
let A be
Event of Sigma;
thus (P
. A)
= ((
COM P)
. (A
\/ C)) by
Def8
.= ((
COM P)
. A);
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:40
Th40: for C be
thin of P holds ((
COM P)
. C)
=
0
proof
let C be
thin of P;
consider A be
set such that
A1: A
in Sigma and
A2: C
c= A and
A3: (P
. A)
=
0 by
Def4;
reconsider A as
Event of Sigma by
A1;
A4: ((
COM P)
. A)
=
0 by
A3,
Th39;
Sigma
c= (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
Th28;
then
reconsider A as
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P));
((
COM P)
. C)
<= ((
COM P)
. A) by
A2,
PROB_1: 34;
hence thesis by
A4,
PROB_1:def 8;
end;
theorem ::
PROB_4:41
for A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P)), B be
set st B
in (
ProbPart A) holds (P
. B)
= ((
COM P)
. A)
proof
let A be
Element of (
COM (Sigma,P)), B be
set such that
A1: B
in (
ProbPart A);
reconsider C = (A
\ B) as
thin of P by
A1,
Def7;
A2: B
in Sigma by
A1,
Def7;
B
c= A by
A1,
Def7;
then
A3: A
= (B
\/ C) by
XBOOLE_1: 45;
Sigma
c= (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
Th28;
then
reconsider B as
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P)) by
A2;
reconsider A as
Event of (
COM (Sigma,P));
B
misses C by
XBOOLE_1: 79;
then
A4: ((
COM P)
. A)
= (((
COM P)
. B)
+ ((
COM P)
. C)) by
A3,
PROB_1:def 8
.= (((
COM P)
. B)
+
0 ) by
Th40
.= ((
COM P)
. B);
reconsider B as
Event of Sigma by
A1,
Def7;
((
COM P)
. A)
= (P
. B) by
A4,
Th39;
hence thesis;
end;