int_7.miz
begin
reserve x,y for
object,
X for
set;
Lm1: for z be
object st z
<> x holds (((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,y))
. z)
=
0
proof
let z be
object;
assume
A1: z
<> x;
A2: (
dom (X
-->
0 ))
= X by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
per cases ;
suppose
A3: z
in X;
(((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,y))
. z)
= ((X
-->
0 )
. z) by
A1,
FUNCT_7: 32
.=
0 by
A3,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A4: not z
in X;
(((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,y))
. z)
= ((X
-->
0 )
. z) by
A1,
FUNCT_7: 32
.=
0 by
A2,
A4,
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:1
Th1: for p be
ManySortedSet of X st (
support p)
=
{x} holds p
= ((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,(p
. x)))
proof
let p be
ManySortedSet of X;
assume
A1: (
support p)
=
{x};
A2: for y be
object st y
in (
dom p) holds (p
. y)
= (((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,(p
. x)))
. y)
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
dom p);
then y
in X;
then
A3: y
in (
dom (X
-->
0 )) by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
per cases ;
suppose x
= y;
hence thesis by
A3,
FUNCT_7: 31;
end;
suppose
A4: x
<> y;
then not y
in (
support p) by
A1,
TARSKI:def 1;
then (p
. y)
=
0 by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence thesis by
A4,
Lm1;
end;
end;
(
dom ((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,(p
. x))))
= (
dom (X
-->
0 )) by
FUNCT_7: 30
.= X by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
then (
dom p)
= (
dom ((X
-->
0 )
+* (x,(p
. x)))) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
hence thesis by
A2,
FUNCT_1: 2;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:2
Th2: for X be
set, p,q,r be
real-valued
ManySortedSet of X st ((
support p)
/\ (
support q))
=
{} & ((
support p)
\/ (
support q))
= (
support r) & (p
| (
support p))
= (r
| (
support p)) & (q
| (
support q))
= (r
| (
support q)) holds (p
+ q)
= r
proof
let X be
set, p,q,r be
real-valued
ManySortedSet of X;
assume that
A1: ((
support p)
/\ (
support q))
=
{} and
A2: ((
support p)
\/ (
support q))
= (
support r) and
A3: (p
| (
support p))
= (r
| (
support p)) and
A4: (q
| (
support q))
= (r
| (
support q));
for x be
object st x
in X holds (r
. x)
= ((p
. x)
+ (q
. x))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in X;
per cases ;
suppose
A5: x
in ((
support p)
\/ (
support q));
now
per cases by
A5,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A6: x
in (
support p);
then
A7: not x
in (
support q) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
thus (r
. x)
= ((r
| (
support p))
. x) by
A6,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= ((p
. x)
+
0 ) by
A3,
A6,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= ((p
. x)
+ (q
. x)) by
A7,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
suppose
A8: x
in (
support q);
then
A9: not x
in (
support p) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
thus (r
. x)
= ((r
| (
support q))
. x) by
A8,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (
0
+ (q
. x)) by
A4,
A8,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= ((p
. x)
+ (q
. x)) by
A9,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A10: not x
in ((
support p)
\/ (
support q));
then
A11: not x
in (
support q) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
A12: not x
in (
support p) by
A10,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
thus (r
. x)
=
0 by
A2,
A10,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= (
0
+ (q
. x)) by
A11,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= ((p
. x)
+ (q
. x)) by
A12,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
end;
hence r
= (p
+ q) by
PRE_POLY: 33;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:3
Th3: for X be
set, p,q be
ManySortedSet of X st (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support q)) holds p
= q
proof
let X be
set, p,q be
ManySortedSet of X;
A1: (
dom (p
| (
support p)))
= ((
dom p)
/\ (
support p)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= (
support p) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
A2: (
dom (q
| (
support q)))
= ((
dom q)
/\ (
support q)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= (
support q) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
assume
A3: (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support q));
A4: for x be
object st x
in X holds (p
. x)
= (q
. x)
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in X;
per cases ;
suppose
A5: x
in (
support p);
hence (p
. x)
= ((p
| (
support p))
. x) by
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (q
. x) by
A3,
A1,
A2,
A5,
FUNCT_1: 49;
end;
suppose
A6: not x
in (
support p);
hence (p
. x)
=
0 by
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= (q
. x) by
A3,
A1,
A2,
A6,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
end;
A7: (
dom q)
= X by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
(
dom p)
= X by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
hence thesis by
A4,
A7,
FUNCT_1: 2;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:4
Th4: for X be
set, p,q be
bag of X st (
support p)
=
{} & (
support q)
=
{} holds p
= q
proof
let X be
set, p,q be
bag of X;
assume that
A1: (
support p)
=
{} and
A2: (
support q)
=
{} ;
A3:
{}
= ((
dom q)
/\
{} )
.= (
dom (q
| (
support q))) by
A2;
A4: (
dom (p
| (
support p)))
= ((
dom p)
/\ (
support p)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.=
{} by
A1;
then for x be
object st x
in (
dom (p
| (
support p))) holds ((p
| (
support p))
. x)
= ((q
| (
support q))
. x);
hence thesis by
A4,
A3,
Th3,
FUNCT_1: 2;
end;
Lm2: for p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st (
support p)
c= (
support q) & (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support p)) holds ex r be
bag of
SetPrimes st (
support r)
= ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) & (
support p)
misses (
support r) & (r
| (
support r))
= (q
| (
support r)) & (p
+ r)
= q
proof
deffunc
G(
object) =
0 ;
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: (
support p)
c= (
support q) and
A2: (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support p));
deffunc
F(
object) = (q
. $1);
defpred
C[
object] means $1
in ((
support q)
\ (
support p));
A3: for x be
object st x
in
SetPrimes holds (
C[x] implies
F(x)
in
NAT ) & ( not
C[x] implies
G(x)
in
NAT ) by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
consider f be
Function of
SetPrimes ,
NAT such that
A4: for x be
object st x
in
SetPrimes holds (
C[x] implies (f
. x)
=
F(x)) & ( not
C[x] implies (f
. x)
=
G(x)) from
FUNCT_2:sch 5(
A3);
A5: for x be
set st x
in
SetPrimes holds x
in ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) implies (f
. x)
<>
0
proof
let x be
set;
assume that x
in
SetPrimes and
A6: x
in ((
support q)
\ (
support p));
x
in (
support q) by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then (q
. x)
<>
0 by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence thesis by
A4,
A6;
end;
A7: for x st not x
in
SetPrimes holds (f
. x)
=
0
proof
let x;
assume not x
in
SetPrimes ;
then not x
in (
dom f);
hence thesis by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
end;
A8: for x holds x
in ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) iff (f
. x)
<>
0
proof
let x;
per cases ;
suppose x
in
SetPrimes ;
hence thesis by
A4,
A5;
end;
suppose not x
in
SetPrimes ;
hence thesis by
A7;
end;
end;
then (
support f) is
finite by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
reconsider r = f as
bag of
SetPrimes by
PRE_POLY:def 8;
A9: ((
support p)
\/ (
support r))
= ((
support p)
\/ ((
support q)
\ (
support p))) by
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= ((
support p)
\/ (
support q)) by
XBOOLE_1: 39
.= (
support q) by
A1,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
A10: (
dom (f
| (
support f)))
= ((
dom f)
/\ (
support f)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= (
support f) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
A11: (
support f)
= ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) by
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
A12: for x be
object st x
in (
dom (f
| (
support f))) holds ((f
| (
support f))
. x)
= ((q
| (
support f))
. x)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A13: x
in (
dom (f
| (
support f)));
then
A14: ((q
| (
support f))
. x)
= (q
. x) by
A10,
FUNCT_1: 49;
((f
| (
support f))
. x)
= (f
. x) by
A10,
A13,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence thesis by
A4,
A11,
A10,
A13,
A14;
end;
(
dom (q
| (
support f)))
= ((
dom q)
/\ (
support f)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= ((
dom q)
/\ ((
support q)
\ (
support p))) by
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= (((
dom q)
/\ (
support q))
\ (
support p)) by
XBOOLE_1: 49
.= ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28
.= (
support f) by
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
A15: (f
| (
support f))
= (q
| (
support f)) by
A10,
A12,
FUNCT_1:def 11;
A16: (
support p)
misses (
support f)
proof
assume (
support p)
meets (
support f);
then ex x be
object st x
in (
support p) & x
in (
support f) by
XBOOLE_0: 3;
hence contradiction by
A11,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
then ((
support p)
/\ (
support f))
=
{} by
XBOOLE_0:def 7;
then (p
+ r)
= q by
A2,
A15,
A9,
Th2;
hence thesis by
A11,
A16,
A15;
end;
Lm3: for p be
bag of
SetPrimes , X be
set st X
c= (
support p) holds ex q,r be
bag of
SetPrimes st (
support q)
= ((
support p)
\ X) & (
support r)
= X & (
support q)
misses (
support r) & (q
| (
support q))
= (p
| (
support q)) & (r
| (
support r))
= (p
| (
support r)) & (q
+ r)
= p
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes , X be
set;
set fq = (p
+* (X
-->
0 ));
A1: (
rng fq)
c= ((
rng p)
\/ (
rng (X
-->
0 ))) by
FUNCT_4: 17;
A2: (
rng p)
c=
NAT by
VALUED_0:def 6;
then ((
rng p)
\/ (
rng (X
-->
0 )))
c=
NAT by
XBOOLE_1: 8;
then
A3: (
rng fq)
c=
NAT by
A1;
set fr = (p
+* ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 ));
A4: (
dom fr)
= ((
dom p)
\/ (
dom ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 ))) by
FUNCT_4:def 1
.= ((
dom p)
\/ (
SetPrimes
\ X)) by
FUNCOP_1: 13
.= (
SetPrimes
\/ (
SetPrimes
\ X)) by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.=
SetPrimes by
XBOOLE_1: 12,
XBOOLE_1: 36;
A5: (
rng fr)
c= ((
rng p)
\/ (
rng ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 ))) by
FUNCT_4: 17;
((
rng p)
\/ (
rng ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 )))
c=
NAT by
A2,
XBOOLE_1: 8;
then (
rng fr)
c=
NAT by
A5;
then
reconsider fr as
Function of
SetPrimes ,
NAT by
A4,
FUNCT_2:def 1,
RELSET_1: 4;
assume
A6: X
c= (
support p);
A7: not x
in X & x
in
SetPrimes implies (fr
. x)
=
0
proof
assume that
A8: not x
in X and
A9: x
in
SetPrimes ;
A10: x
in (
SetPrimes
\ X) by
A8,
A9,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then x
in (
dom ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 )) by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
then (fr
. x)
= (((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 )
. x) by
FUNCT_4: 13;
hence thesis by
A10,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
end;
A11: (
dom (X
-->
0 ))
= X by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
then (
dom fq)
= ((
dom p)
\/ X) by
FUNCT_4:def 1
.= (
SetPrimes
\/ X) by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.=
SetPrimes by
A6,
XBOOLE_1: 1,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
then
reconsider fq as
Function of
SetPrimes ,
NAT by
A3,
FUNCT_2:def 1,
RELSET_1: 4;
A12: (
dom (fq
| (
support fq)))
= ((
dom fq)
/\ (
support fq)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= (
support fq) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
A13: for x st not x
in
SetPrimes holds (fr
. x)
=
0 & (fq
. x)
=
0
proof
let x;
assume
A14: not x
in
SetPrimes ;
then
A15: not x
in (
dom fr);
not x
in (
dom fq) by
A14;
hence thesis by
A15,
FUNCT_1:def 2;
end;
A16: x
in X implies (fr
. x)
= (p
. x)
proof
assume x
in X;
then not x
in (
dom ((
SetPrimes
\ X)
-->
0 )) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence thesis by
FUNCT_4: 11;
end;
A17: for x st x
in
SetPrimes & x
in X holds (fr
. x)
<>
0
proof
let x;
assume that x
in
SetPrimes and
A18: x
in X;
(p
. x)
<>
0 by
A6,
A18,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence thesis by
A16,
A18;
end;
A19: for x holds x
in X iff (fr
. x)
<>
0
proof
let x;
now
per cases ;
suppose x
in
SetPrimes ;
hence thesis by
A7,
A17;
end;
suppose
A20: not x
in
SetPrimes ;
X
c=
SetPrimes by
A6,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
hence thesis by
A13,
A20;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
then
A21: (
support fr)
= X by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
reconsider r = fr as
bag of
SetPrimes by
A6,
PRE_POLY:def 8;
A22: (
support p)
c= (
dom p) by
PRE_POLY: 37;
A23: (
dom (fr
| (
support fr)))
= ((
dom fr)
/\ (
support fr)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= (
support fr) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28
.= X by
A19,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
A24: for x be
object st x
in (
dom (fr
| (
support fr))) holds ((fr
| (
support fr))
. x)
= ((p
| (
support fr))
. x)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A25: x
in (
dom (fr
| (
support fr)));
then
A26: ((p
| (
support fr))
. x)
= (p
. x) by
A21,
A23,
FUNCT_1: 49;
((fr
| (
support fr))
. x)
= (fr
. x) by
A21,
A23,
A25,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence thesis by
A16,
A23,
A25,
A26;
end;
(
dom (p
| (
support fr)))
= ((
dom p)
/\ (
support fr)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= ((
dom p)
/\ X) by
A19,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= X by
A6,
A22,
XBOOLE_1: 1,
XBOOLE_1: 28;
then
A27: (fr
| (
support fr))
= (p
| (
support fr)) by
A23,
A24,
FUNCT_1:def 11;
A28: x
in X implies (fq
. x)
=
0
proof
assume
A29: x
in X;
hence (fq
. x)
= ((X
-->
0 )
. x) by
A11,
FUNCT_4: 13
.=
0 by
A29,
FUNCOP_1: 7;
end;
A30: for x holds x
in ((
support p)
\ X) iff (fq
. x)
<>
0
proof
let x;
per cases ;
suppose x
in X;
hence thesis by
A28,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
suppose
A31: not x
in X;
then
A32: (fq
. x)
= (p
. x) by
A11,
FUNCT_4: 11;
per cases ;
suppose x
in (
support p);
hence thesis by
A31,
A32,
PRE_POLY:def 7,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
suppose not x
in (
support p);
hence thesis by
A32,
PRE_POLY:def 7,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
end;
end;
then
A33: (
support fq)
= ((
support p)
\ X) by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
reconsider q = fq as
bag of
SetPrimes by
PRE_POLY:def 8;
A34: (
dom (p
| (
support fq)))
= ((
dom p)
/\ (
support fq)) by
RELAT_1: 61
.= ((
dom p)
/\ ((
support p)
\ X)) by
A30,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= (((
dom p)
/\ (
support p))
\ X) by
XBOOLE_1: 49
.= ((
support p)
\ X) by
PRE_POLY: 37,
XBOOLE_1: 28
.= (
support fq) by
A30,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
((
support p)
\ X)
misses X by
XBOOLE_1: 79;
then
A35: ((
support fq)
/\ (
support fr))
=
{} by
A21,
A33,
XBOOLE_0:def 7;
A36: for x be
set st x
in
SetPrimes & x
in (
support fq) holds (p
. x)
= (fq
. x)
proof
let x be
set;
assume that x
in
SetPrimes and
A37: x
in (
support fq);
not x
in X by
A21,
A35,
A37,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
hence thesis by
A11,
FUNCT_4: 11;
end;
for x be
object st x
in (
dom (fq
| (
support fq))) holds ((fq
| (
support fq))
. x)
= ((p
| (
support fq))
. x)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A38: x
in (
dom (fq
| (
support fq)));
then
A39: ((p
| (
support fq))
. x)
= (p
. x) by
A12,
FUNCT_1: 49;
((fq
| (
support fq))
. x)
= (fq
. x) by
A12,
A38,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence thesis by
A12,
A36,
A38,
A39;
end;
then
A40: (fq
| (
support fq))
= (p
| (
support fq)) by
A12,
A34,
FUNCT_1:def 11;
((
support fr)
\/ (
support fq))
= ((
support fr)
\/ ((
support p)
\ (
support fr))) by
A19,
A33,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= ((
support fr)
\/ (
support p)) by
XBOOLE_1: 39
.= (
support p) by
A6,
A21,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
then (q
+ r)
= p by
A35,
A40,
A27,
Th2;
hence thesis by
A21,
A33,
A40,
A27,
XBOOLE_1: 79;
end;
definition
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
::
INT_7:def1
attr p is
prime-factorization-like means for x be
Prime st x
in (
support p) holds ex n be
Nat st
0
< n & (p
. x)
= (x
|^ n);
end
registration
let n be non
zero
Nat;
cluster (
ppf n) ->
prime-factorization-like;
coherence
proof
let p be
Prime;
assume
A1: p
in (
support (
ppf n));
A2: (p
|-count n)
<>
0
proof
assume (p
|-count n)
=
0 ;
then ((
ppf n)
. p)
=
0 by
NAT_3: 55;
hence contradiction by
A1,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
take (p
|-count n);
p
in (
support (
pfexp n)) by
A1,
NAT_3:def 9;
hence thesis by
A2,
NAT_3:def 9;
end;
end
theorem ::
INT_7:5
Th5: for p,q be
Prime, n,m be
Nat st p
divides (m
* (q
|^ n)) & p
<> q holds p
divides m
proof
let p,q be
Prime;
let n,m be
Nat;
assume that
A1: p
divides (m
* (q
|^ n)) and
A2: p
<> q;
p
divides m or p
divides (q
|^ n) by
A1,
NEWTON: 80;
hence thesis by
A2,
NAT_3: 6;
end;
Lm4: for a be
Prime, b be
bag of
SetPrimes st b is
prime-factorization-like & a
in (
support b) holds a
divides (
Product b) & ex n be
Nat st (a
|^ n)
divides (
Product b)
proof
let a be
Prime, b be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: b is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: a
in (
support b);
consider n be
Nat such that
A3:
0
< n and
A4: (b
. a)
= (a
|^ n) by
A1,
A2;
A5: a
divides (b
. a) by
A3,
A4,
NAT_3: 3;
A6: (
rng b)
c=
NAT by
VALUED_0:def 6;
a
in (
rng (
canFS (
support b))) by
A2,
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
consider d be
object such that
A7: d
in (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) and
A8: a
= ((
canFS (
support b))
. d) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
consider f be
FinSequence of
COMPLEX such that
A9: (
Product b)
= (
Product f) and
A10: f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) by
NAT_3:def 5;
(
rng f)
c= (
rng b) by
A10,
RELAT_1: 26;
then (
rng f)
c=
NAT by
A6;
then
reconsider f as
FinSequence of
NAT by
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
A11: (
rng (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
support b) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
(
support b)
c= (
dom b) by
PRE_POLY: 37;
then
A12: (
dom f)
= (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) by
A10,
A11,
RELAT_1: 27;
then (b
. a)
= ((b
* (
canFS (
support b)))
. d) by
A10,
A7,
A8,
FUNCT_1: 12;
then (b
. a)
in (
rng f) by
A10,
A12,
A7,
FUNCT_1: 3;
then (a
|^ n)
divides (
Product f) by
A4,
NAT_3: 7;
hence thesis by
A9,
A4,
A5,
NAT_D: 4;
end;
Lm5: for p be
FinSequence of
NAT , x be
Element of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes st b is
prime-factorization-like & (p
^
<*x*>)
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) holds ex p1 be
FinSequence of
NAT , q be
Prime, n be
Element of
NAT , b1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st
0
< n & b1 is
prime-factorization-like & q
in (
support b) & (
support b1)
= ((
support b)
\
{q}) & x
= (q
|^ n) & (
len p1)
= (
len p) & (
Product p)
= (
Product p1) & p1
= (b1
* (
canFS (
support b1)))
proof
deffunc
G(
set) =
0 ;
let p be
FinSequence of
NAT , x be
Element of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: b is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: (p
^
<*x*>)
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b)));
A3: (
rng (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
support b) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
(
dom b)
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A4: (
dom (b
* (
canFS (
support b))))
= (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) by
A3,
RELAT_1: 27;
p
= ((b
* (
canFS (
support b)))
| (
dom p)) by
A2,
FINSEQ_1: 21;
then (
dom p)
= ((
dom (b
* (
canFS (
support b))))
/\ (
dom p)) by
RELAT_1: 61;
then
A5: (
dom ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)))
= (
dom p) by
A4,
RELAT_1: 62,
XBOOLE_1: 17;
deffunc
F(
set) = (b
. $1);
A6: (
card (
support b))
= (
len (
canFS (
support b))) by
FINSEQ_1: 93;
(
dom b)
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A7: (
dom (b
* (
canFS (
support b))))
= (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) by
A3,
RELAT_1: 27;
A8: ((
len p)
+ 1)
in (
Seg ((
len p)
+ 1)) by
FINSEQ_1: 4;
A9: (
len
<*x*>)
= 1 by
FINSEQ_1: 40;
then (
len (p
^
<*x*>))
= ((
len p)
+ 1) by
FINSEQ_1: 22;
then
A10: ((
len p)
+ 1)
in (
dom (b
* (
canFS (
support b)))) by
A2,
A8,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
A11: x
= ((p
^
<*x*>)
. ((
len p)
+ 1)) by
FINSEQ_1: 42
.= (b
. ((
canFS (
support b))
. ((
len p)
+ 1))) by
A2,
A7,
A10,
FUNCT_1: 13;
A12: (
rng (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
support b) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
A13: ((
canFS (
support b))
. ((
len p)
+ 1))
in (
support b) by
A7,
A10,
FUNCT_1: 3;
then
reconsider q = ((
canFS (
support b))
. ((
len p)
+ 1)) as
Prime by
NEWTON:def 6;
defpred
P[
set] means $1
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
consider b1 be
ManySortedSet of
SetPrimes such that
A14: for i be
Element of
SetPrimes st i
in
SetPrimes holds (
P[i] implies (b1
. i)
=
F(i)) & ( not
P[i] implies (b1
. i)
=
G(i)) from
PRE_CIRC:sch 2;
A15: (
rng b1)
c=
NAT
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng b1);
then
consider x be
object such that
A16: x
in (
dom b1) and
A17: y
= (b1
. x) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
reconsider x as
Element of
SetPrimes by
A16;
(b1
. x)
in
NAT
proof
per cases ;
suppose x
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
then (b1
. x)
= (b
. x) by
A14;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose not x
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
then (b1
. x)
=
0 by
A14;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
hence thesis by
A17;
end;
now
let z be
object;
assume
A18: z
in (
support b1);
z
in (
dom b1)
proof
assume not z
in (
dom b1);
then (b1
. z)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence contradiction by
A18,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
then
reconsider y = z as
Element of
SetPrimes ;
assume
A19: not z
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
(b1
. y)
<>
0 by
A18,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence contradiction by
A14,
A19;
end;
then
A20: (
support b1)
c= ((
support b)
\
{q});
now
let z be
object;
assume
A21: z
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
then
A22: z
in (
support b) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
reconsider y = z as
Element of
SetPrimes by
A21;
(b1
. y)
= (b
. y) by
A14,
A21;
then (b1
. y)
<>
0 by
A22,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence z
in (
support b1) by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
then
A23: ((
support b)
\
{q})
c= (
support b1);
then
A24: (
support b1)
= ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A20,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
reconsider b1 as
bag of
SetPrimes by
A20,
A15,
PRE_POLY:def 8,
VALUED_0:def 6;
consider n be
Nat such that
A25:
0
< n and
A26: (b
. q)
= (q
|^ n) by
A1,
A13;
reconsider n as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
A27: (
rng (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
support b) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
SetPrimes
= (
dom b) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then (
card (
dom (b
* (
canFS (
support b)))))
= (
card (
dom (
canFS (
support b)))) by
A27,
RELAT_1: 27
.= (
card (
Seg (
len (
canFS (
support b))))) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3
.= (
card (
len (
canFS (
support b)))) by
FINSEQ_1: 55
.= (
len (
canFS (
support b)));
then
A28: (
len (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
card (
Seg (
len (p
^
<*x*>)))) by
A2,
FINSEQ_1:def 3
.= (
card (
len (p
^
<*x*>))) by
FINSEQ_1: 55
.= ((
len p)
+ 1) by
A9,
FINSEQ_1: 22;
(
card ((
support b)
\
{q}))
= ((
card (
support b))
- (
card
{q})) by
A7,
A12,
A10,
EULER_1: 4,
FUNCT_1: 3
.= ((
card (
support b))
- 1) by
CARD_1: 30;
then
A29: (
len (
canFS (
support b1)))
= (
len p) by
A24,
A28,
A6,
FINSEQ_1: 93;
then
A30: (
dom (
canFS (
support b1)))
= (
Seg (
len p)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
A31: (
dom (
canFS (
support b1)))
= (
dom p) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
A32:
now
let x be
Prime;
assume
A33: x
in (
support b1);
((
support b)
\
{q})
c= (
support b) by
XBOOLE_1: 36;
then
consider m be
Nat such that
A34:
0
< m and
A35: (b
. x)
= (x
|^ m) by
A1,
A24,
A33;
take m;
thus
0
< m by
A34;
thus (b1
. x)
= (x
|^ m) by
A14,
A20,
A33,
A35;
end;
per cases ;
suppose
A36: (
dom p)
=
{} ;
set p1 = (b1
* (
canFS (
support b1)));
A37: p
=
{} by
A36;
(
Seg (
len (
canFS (
support b1))))
= (
dom (
canFS (
support b1))) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3
.= (
Seg (
len p)) by
A29,
FINSEQ_1:def 3
.= (
Seg
0 ) by
A37;
then (
canFS (
support b1))
=
{} ;
then
A38: p1
= (
<*>
NAT );
then
reconsider p1 as
FinSequence of
NAT ;
take p1, q, n, b1;
thus thesis by
A7,
A12,
A10,
A11,
A25,
A26,
A20,
A23,
A32,
A36,
A38,
FUNCT_1: 3,
RELAT_1: 41,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
suppose
A39: (
dom p)
<>
{} ;
A40: (
rng (
canFS (
support b)))
= (
support b) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
now
let y be
object;
assume
A41: y
in ((
support b)
\
{q});
then y
in (
rng (
canFS (
support b))) by
A40,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
consider x be
object such that
A42: x
in (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) and
A43: y
= ((
canFS (
support b))
. x) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
A44: x
in (
dom p)
proof
assume not x
in (
dom p);
then
A45: not x
in (
Seg (
len p)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
A46: x
in (
Seg ((
len p)
+ 1)) by
A28,
A42,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
reconsider x as
Element of
NAT by
A42;
1
<= x by
A46,
FINSEQ_1: 1;
then (
len p)
< x by
A45;
then
A47: ((
len p)
+ 1)
<= x by
NAT_1: 13;
x
<= ((
len p)
+ 1) by
A46,
FINSEQ_1: 1;
then x
= ((
len p)
+ 1) by
A47,
XXREAL_0: 1;
then y
in
{q} by
A43,
TARSKI:def 1;
hence contradiction by
A41,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
then x
in ((
dom (
canFS (
support b)))
/\ (
dom p)) by
A42,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
then
A48: x
in (
dom ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))) by
RELAT_1: 61;
y
= (((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
. x) by
A43,
A44,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence y
in (
rng ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))) by
A48,
FUNCT_1: 3;
end;
then
A49: ((
support b)
\
{q})
c= (
rng ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)));
now
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)));
then
consider x be
object such that
A50: x
in (
dom ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))) and
A51: y
= (((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
. x) by
FUNCT_1:def 3;
A52: y
= ((
canFS (
support b))
. x) by
A50,
A51,
FUNCT_1: 47;
A53: x
in ((
dom (
canFS (
support b)))
/\ (
dom p)) by
A50,
RELAT_1: 61;
then
A54: x
in (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) by
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
A55: x
in (
dom p) by
A53,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
y
<> q
proof
((
len p)
+ 1)
in (
Seg ((
len p)
+ 1)) by
FINSEQ_1: 4;
then
A56: ((
len p)
+ 1)
in (
dom (
canFS (
support b))) by
A28,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
assume y
= q;
then ((
len p)
+ 1)
= x by
A52,
A54,
A56,
FUNCT_1:def 4;
then
A57: ((
len p)
+ 1)
in (
Seg (
len p)) by
A55,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
((
len p)
+
0 )
< (1
+ (
len p)) by
XREAL_1: 8;
hence contradiction by
A57,
FINSEQ_1: 1;
end;
then
A58: not y
in
{q} by
TARSKI:def 1;
y
in (
rng (
canFS (
support b))) by
A52,
A54,
FUNCT_1: 3;
hence y
in ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A58,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
then (
rng ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)))
c= ((
support b)
\
{q});
then
A59: (
rng ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)))
= ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A49,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
then
reconsider L0 = ((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p)) as
Function of (
dom p), ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A5,
FUNCT_2: 1;
A60: L0 is
one-to-one by
FUNCT_1: 52;
then
A61: (
dom (L0
" ))
= ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A59,
FUNCT_1: 33;
A62: ((
support b)
\
{q})
<>
{} by
A20,
A30,
A39,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then (
dom L0)
= (
dom p) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
then
A63: (
rng (L0
" ))
= (
dom p) by
A60,
FUNCT_1: 33;
then
reconsider LL1 = (L0
" ) as
Function of ((
support b)
\
{q}), (
dom p) by
A61,
FUNCT_2: 1;
A64: (
rng (
canFS (
support b1)))
= (
support b1) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then (
canFS (
support b1)) is
Function of (
dom p), ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A24,
A31,
FUNCT_2: 1;
then
reconsider L0L = (LL1
* (
canFS (
support b1))) as
Function of (
dom p), (
dom p) by
A62,
FUNCT_2: 13;
A65: L0 is
one-to-one by
FUNCT_1: 52;
(
rng L0L)
= (
dom p) by
A23,
A61,
A63,
A64,
RELAT_1: 28;
then L0L is
onto by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
reconsider LL = L0L as
Permutation of (
dom p) by
A65;
(((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
* LL)
= ((((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
* LL1)
* (
canFS (
support b1))) by
RELAT_1: 36
.= ((
id (
support b1))
* (
canFS (
support b1))) by
A24,
A62,
A59,
A65,
FUNCT_2: 29
.= (
canFS (
support b1)) by
FUNCT_2: 17;
then
A66: ((
canFS (
support b1))
* (LL
" ))
= (((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
* (LL
* (LL
" ))) by
RELAT_1: 36;
reconsider FS = (
canFS (
support b1)) as
FinSequence;
reconsider L = (LL
" ) as
Permutation of (
dom p);
A67: (
rng L)
= (
dom FS) by
A31,
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
A68: (
dom (FS
* L))
= (
dom L) by
RELAT_1: 27
.= (
dom p) by
A39,
FUNCT_2:def 1;
set p1 = (b1
* FS);
A69: (
rng (
canFS (
support b1)))
= (
support b1) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
SetPrimes
= (
dom b1) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A70: (
dom (b1
* FS))
= (
dom p) by
A31,
A69,
RELAT_1: 27;
then (
dom p1)
= (
Seg (
len p)) by
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
then
A71: p1 is
FinSequence by
FINSEQ_1:def 2;
A72: (
rng (FS
* L))
= (
rng FS) by
A67,
RELAT_1: 28
.= ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A24,
FUNCT_2:def 3;
SetPrimes
= (
dom b1) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A73: (
dom p)
= (
dom (b1
* (FS
* L))) by
A68,
A72,
RELAT_1: 27;
(
rng LL)
= (
dom p) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
then
A74: ((
canFS (
support b1))
* (LL
" ))
= (((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
* (
id (
dom p))) by
A39,
A66,
FUNCT_2: 29;
now
let k be
object;
A75: (
dom p)
c= (
dom (p
^
<*x*>)) by
FINSEQ_1: 26;
assume
A76: k
in (
dom p);
then
A77: ((FS
* L)
. k)
in ((
support b)
\
{q}) by
A68,
A72,
FUNCT_1: 3;
thus (p
. k)
= ((p
^
<*x*>)
. k) by
A76,
FINSEQ_1:def 7
.= (b
. ((
canFS (
support b))
. k)) by
A2,
A76,
A75,
FUNCT_1: 12
.= (b
. (((
canFS (
support b))
| (
dom p))
. k)) by
A76,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (b
. ((FS
* L)
. k)) by
A74,
FUNCT_2: 17
.= (b1
. ((FS
* L)
. k)) by
A14,
A77
.= ((b1
* (FS
* L))
. k) by
A73,
A76,
FUNCT_1: 12;
end;
then p
= (b1
* (FS
* L)) by
A73,
FUNCT_1: 2
.= (p1
* L) by
RELAT_1: 36;
then
A78: (p,p1)
are_fiberwise_equipotent by
A70,
CLASSES1: 80;
(
rng p1)
c=
NAT by
VALUED_0:def 6;
then
reconsider p1 as
FinSequence of
NAT by
A71,
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
take p1, q, n, b1;
(
Seg (
len p1))
= (
dom p) by
A70,
FINSEQ_1:def 3;
hence thesis by
A7,
A12,
A10,
A11,
A25,
A26,
A20,
A23,
A32,
A78,
EULER_2: 10,
FINSEQ_1:def 3,
FUNCT_1: 3,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
end;
Lm6: for i be
Element of
NAT , f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime st (
len f)
= i & b is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product b)
<> 1 & a
divides (
Product b) & (
Product b)
= (
Product f) & f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) holds a
in (
support b)
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means for f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime st (
len f)
= $1 & b is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product b)
<> 1 & a
divides (
Product b) & (
Product b)
= (
Product f) & f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) holds a
in (
support b);
A1: for k be
Nat st
P[k] holds
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
let k be
Nat;
assume
A2:
P[k];
thus
P[(k
+ 1)]
proof
A3: 1
<= (k
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 11;
let f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime;
assume that
A4: (
len f)
= (k
+ 1) and
A5: b is
prime-factorization-like and (
Product b)
<> 1 and
A6: a
divides (
Product b) and
A7: (
Product b)
= (
Product f) and
A8: f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b)));
reconsider p = (f
| k) as
FinSequence of
NAT ;
reconsider x = (f
. (k
+ 1)) as
Element of
NAT ;
A9: (
len p)
= k by
A4,
FINSEQ_1: 59,
NAT_1: 11;
A10: f
= ((f
| k)
^
<*(f
/. (
len f))*>) by
A4,
FINSEQ_5: 21
.= (p
^
<*x*>) by
A4,
A3,
FINSEQ_4: 15;
then
consider p1 be
FinSequence of
NAT , q be
Prime, n be
Element of
NAT , b1 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
0
< n and
A11: b1 is
prime-factorization-like and
A12: q
in (
support b) and
A13: (
support b1)
= ((
support b)
\
{q}) and
A14: x
= (q
|^ n) and
A15: (
len p1)
= (
len p) and
A16: (
Product p)
= (
Product p1) and
A17: p1
= (b1
* (
canFS (
support b1))) by
A5,
A8,
Lm5;
A18: (
Product f)
= ((
Product p1)
* x) by
A10,
A16,
RVSUM_1: 96;
(
rng p1)
c=
COMPLEX by
NUMBERS: 20;
then p1 is
FinSequence of
COMPLEX by
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
then
A19: (
Product b1)
= (
Product p1) by
A17,
NAT_3:def 5;
now
per cases ;
suppose
A20: (
Product p1)
= 1;
a
<> 1 by
INT_2:def 4;
then ex k be
Element of
NAT st a
= (q
* k) by
A6,
A7,
A14,
A18,
A20,
PEPIN: 32;
then
A21: q
divides a by
INT_1:def 3;
q
<> 1 by
INT_2:def 4;
hence thesis by
A12,
A21,
INT_2:def 4;
end;
suppose
A22: (
Product p1)
<> 1;
per cases ;
suppose a
= q;
hence thesis by
A12;
end;
suppose
A23: a
<> q;
A24: (
support b1)
c= (
support b) by
A13,
XBOOLE_1: 36;
a
in (
support b1) by
A2,
A6,
A7,
A9,
A11,
A14,
A15,
A17,
A18,
A19,
A22,
A23,
Th5;
hence thesis by
A24;
end;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
A25:
P[
0 ]
proof
let f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime;
assume (
len f)
=
0 ;
then f
= (
<*>
NAT );
hence thesis by
RVSUM_1: 94;
end;
for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A25,
A1);
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:6
Th6: for f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime st b is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product b)
<> 1 & a
divides (
Product b) & (
Product b)
= (
Product f) & f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) holds a
in (
support b)
proof
let f be
FinSequence of
NAT , b be
bag of
SetPrimes , a be
Prime;
assume that
A1: b is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: (
Product b)
<> 1 and
A3: a
divides (
Product b) and
A4: (
Product b)
= (
Product f) and
A5: f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b)));
(
len f) is
Element of
NAT ;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A3,
A4,
A5,
Lm6;
end;
Lm7: for a be
Prime, b be
bag of
SetPrimes st b is
prime-factorization-like & a
divides (
Product b) holds a
in (
support b)
proof
let a be
Prime, b be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: b is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: a
divides (
Product b);
per cases ;
suppose
A3: (
Product b)
= 1;
a
<> 1 by
INT_2:def 4;
hence thesis by
A2,
A3,
WSIERP_1: 15;
end;
suppose
A4: (
Product b)
<> 1;
A5: (
rng b)
c=
NAT by
VALUED_0:def 6;
consider f be
FinSequence of
COMPLEX such that
A6: (
Product b)
= (
Product f) and
A7: f
= (b
* (
canFS (
support b))) by
NAT_3:def 5;
(
rng f)
c= (
rng b) by
A7,
RELAT_1: 26;
then (
rng f)
c=
NAT by
A5;
then
reconsider f as
FinSequence of
NAT by
FINSEQ_1:def 4;
(
Product b)
= (
Product f) by
A6;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A4,
A7,
Th6;
end;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:7
Th7: for p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st (
support p)
c= (
support q) & (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support p)) holds (
Product p)
divides (
Product q)
proof
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: (
support p)
c= (
support q) and
A2: (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support p));
consider r be
bag of
SetPrimes such that (
support r)
= ((
support q)
\ (
support p)) and
A3: (
support p)
misses (
support r) and (r
| (
support r))
= (q
| (
support r)) and
A4: (p
+ r)
= q by
A1,
A2,
Lm2;
((
Product p)
* (
Product r))
= (
Product q) by
A3,
A4,
NAT_3: 19;
hence thesis by
INT_1:def 3;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:8
for p be
bag of
SetPrimes , x be
Prime st p is
prime-factorization-like holds x
divides (
Product p) iff x
in (
support p) by
Lm4,
Lm7;
theorem ::
INT_7:9
Th9: for n,m,k be non
zero
Nat st k
= (n
lcm m) holds (
support (
ppf k))
= ((
support (
ppf n))
\/ (
support (
ppf m)))
proof
let n,m,k be non
zero
Nat;
assume
A1: k
= (n
lcm m);
A2: (
support (
ppf n))
= (
support (
pfexp n)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
A3: ((
support (
pfexp n))
\/ (
support (
pfexp m)))
c= (
support (
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m))))
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A4: x
in ((
support (
pfexp n))
\/ (
support (
pfexp m)));
per cases by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A5: x
in (
support (
pfexp n));
A6: ((
pfexp n)
. x)
<= ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
proof
per cases ;
suppose ((
pfexp n)
. x)
<= ((
pfexp m)
. x);
hence thesis by
NAT_3:def 4;
end;
suppose ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x);
hence thesis by
NAT_3:def 4;
end;
end;
((
pfexp n)
. x)
<>
0 by
A5,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
0
< ((
pfexp n)
. x);
hence thesis by
A6,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
suppose
A7: x
in (
support (
pfexp m));
A8: ((
pfexp m)
. x)
<= ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
proof
per cases ;
suppose ((
pfexp n)
. x)
<= ((
pfexp m)
. x);
hence thesis by
NAT_3:def 4;
end;
suppose ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x);
hence thesis by
NAT_3:def 4;
end;
end;
((
pfexp m)
. x)
<>
0 by
A7,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then
0
< ((
pfexp m)
. x);
hence thesis by
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
end;
A9: (
support (
ppf m))
= (
support (
pfexp m)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
A10: (
support (
ppf k))
= (
support (
pfexp k)) by
NAT_3:def 9
.= (
support (
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))) by
A1,
NAT_3: 54;
then (
support (
ppf k))
c= ((
support (
ppf n))
\/ (
support (
ppf m))) by
A2,
A9,
NAT_3: 18;
hence thesis by
A10,
A2,
A9,
A3,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:10
Th10: for X be
set, b1,b2 be
bag of X holds (
support (
min (b1,b2)))
= ((
support b1)
/\ (
support b2))
proof
let X be
set;
let b1,b2 be
bag of X;
set f = (
min (b1,b2));
A1: for x be
object holds x
in (
support (
min (b1,b2))) implies x
in (
support b1) & x
in (
support b2)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A2: x
in (
support (
min (b1,b2)));
assume
A3: not x
in (
support b1) or not x
in (
support b2);
now
per cases ;
case
A4: (b1
. x)
<= (b2
. x);
A5: not x
in (
support b1)
proof
assume
A6: x
in (
support b1);
then
A7: (b1
. x)
<>
0 by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
(b2
. x)
=
0 by
A3,
A6,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence contradiction by
A4,
A7;
end;
(f
. x)
= (b1
. x) by
A4,
NAT_3:def 3
.=
0 by
A5,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence contradiction by
A2,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
case
A8: (b2
. x)
< (b1
. x);
then (f
. x)
= (b2
. x) by
NAT_3:def 3
.=
0 by
A3,
A8,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence contradiction by
A2,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
for x be
object holds x
in (
support b1) & x
in (
support b2) implies x
in (
support (
min (b1,b2)))
proof
let x be
object;
assume that
A9: x
in (
support b1) and
A10: x
in (
support b2);
A11: (b2
. x)
<>
0 by
A10,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
A12: (f
. x)
= (b1
. x) or (f
. x)
= (b2
. x) by
NAT_3:def 3;
(b1
. x)
<>
0 by
A9,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence thesis by
A11,
A12,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
hence thesis by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:11
for n,m,k be non
zero
Nat st k
= (n
gcd m) holds (
support (
ppf k))
= ((
support (
ppf n))
/\ (
support (
ppf m)))
proof
let n,m,k be non
zero
Nat;
assume
A1: k
= (n
gcd m);
A2: (
support (
ppf n))
= (
support (
pfexp n)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
A3: (
support (
ppf m))
= (
support (
pfexp m)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
(
support (
ppf k))
= (
support (
pfexp k)) by
NAT_3:def 9
.= (
support (
min ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))) by
A1,
NAT_3: 53;
hence thesis by
A2,
A3,
Th10;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:12
Th12: for p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like & q is
prime-factorization-like & (
support p)
misses (
support q) holds ((
Product p),(
Product q))
are_coprime
proof
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: q is
prime-factorization-like and
A3: (
support p)
misses (
support q);
assume not ((
Product p),(
Product q))
are_coprime ;
then
consider x be
prime
Nat such that
A4: x
divides (
Product p) and
A5: x
divides (
Product q) by
PYTHTRIP:def 2;
A6: x
in (
support q) by
A2,
A5,
Lm7;
x
in (
support p) by
A1,
A4,
Lm7;
hence contradiction by
A3,
A6,
XBOOLE_0: 3;
end;
Lm8: for q be
Prime, g be
Element of
NAT st g
<>
0 holds ex p1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st p1
= ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (q,g)) & (
support p1)
=
{q} & (
Product p1)
= g
proof
let q be
Prime, g be
Element of
NAT ;
set p = ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (q,g));
reconsider p as
ManySortedSet of
SetPrimes ;
(
dom (
SetPrimes
-->
0 ))
=
SetPrimes by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
then q
in (
dom (
SetPrimes
-->
0 )) by
NEWTON:def 6;
then
A1: (p
. q)
= g by
FUNCT_7: 31;
A2: for x st not x
in
{q} holds (p
. x)
=
0
proof
let x;
assume not x
in
{q};
then x
<> q by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
Lm1;
end;
now
let z be
set;
assume
A3: z
in (
support p);
z
in (
dom p)
proof
assume not z
in (
dom p);
then (p
. z)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence contradiction by
A3,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
then
reconsider y = z as
Element of
SetPrimes ;
assume not z
in
{q};
(p
. y)
<>
0 by
A3,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
hence z
in
{q} by
A2;
end;
then for z be
object st z
in (
support p) holds z
in
{q};
then
A4: (
support p)
c=
{q};
assume
A5: g
<>
0 ;
now
let z be
object;
assume z
in
{q};
then
A6: z
= q by
TARSKI:def 1;
thus z
in (
support p) by
A5,
A1,
A6,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
then
A7:
{q}
c= (
support p);
then
A8: (
support p)
=
{q} by
A4,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
reconsider p as
bag of
SetPrimes by
A4,
PRE_POLY:def 8;
A9: q
in (
support p) by
A8,
TARSKI:def 1;
A10: q
in (
dom p)
proof
assume not q
in (
dom p);
then (p
. q)
=
{} by
FUNCT_1:def 2;
hence contradiction by
A9,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
end;
take p;
consider f be
FinSequence of
COMPLEX such that
A11: (
Product p)
= (
Product f) and
A12: f
= (p
* (
canFS (
support p))) by
NAT_3:def 5;
f
= (p
*
<*q*>) by
A8,
A12,
FINSEQ_1: 94;
then f
=
<*(p
. q)*> by
A10,
FINSEQ_2: 34;
hence thesis by
A1,
A4,
A7,
A11,
RVSUM_1: 95,
XBOOLE_0:def 10;
end;
Lm9: for p be
bag of
SetPrimes , x be
Prime st p is
prime-factorization-like & x
in (
support p) & (p
. x)
= x holds ex p1,r1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st p1 is
prime-factorization-like & (
support r1)
=
{x} & (
Product r1)
= x & (
support p1)
= ((
support p)
\
{x}) & (p1
| (
support p1))
= (p
| (
support p1)) & (
Product p)
= ((
Product p1)
* x)
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes , x be
Prime;
assume that
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: x
in (
support p) and
A3: (p
. x)
= x;
consider nx be
Nat such that
A4:
0
< nx and
A5: (p
. x)
= (x
|^ nx) by
A1,
A2;
consider mx be
Nat such that
A6: nx
= (mx
+ 1) by
A4,
NAT_1: 6;
A7: mx
=
0
proof
assume mx
<>
0 ;
then
A8: (
0
+ 1)
< (mx
+ 1) by
XREAL_1: 8;
1
< x by
INT_2:def 4;
then (x
to_power 1)
< (x
to_power nx) by
A6,
A8,
POWER: 39;
then (x
|^ 1)
< (x
to_power nx) by
POWER: 41;
then (x
|^ 1)
< (x
|^ nx) by
POWER: 41;
hence contradiction by
A3,
A5;
end;
{x}
c= (
support p) by
A2,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then
consider q,r be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A9: (
support q)
= ((
support p)
\
{x}) and
A10: (
support r)
=
{x} and
A11: (
support q)
misses (
support r) and
A12: (q
| (
support q))
= (p
| (
support q)) and
A13: (r
| (
support r))
= (p
| (
support r)) and
A14: (q
+ r)
= p by
Lm3;
A15: r
= ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (x,(r
. x))) by
A10,
Th1;
now
let z be
Prime;
assume
A16: z
in (
support q);
(
support q)
c= (
support p) by
A9,
XBOOLE_1: 36;
then
consider n be
Nat such that
A17:
0
< n and
A18: (p
. z)
= (z
|^ n) by
A1,
A16;
take n;
(q
. z)
= ((q
| (
support q))
. z) by
A16,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (p
. z) by
A12,
A16,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence
0
< n & (q
. z)
= (z
|^ n) by
A17,
A18;
end;
then
A19: q is
prime-factorization-like;
A20: x
in (
support r) by
A10,
TARSKI:def 1;
then (r
. x)
= ((r
| (
support r))
. x) by
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (p
. x) by
A13,
A20,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= x by
A5,
A6,
A7;
then
A21: ex rr1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st rr1
= r & (
support rr1)
=
{x} & (
Product rr1)
= x by
A15,
Lm8;
((
Product q)
* (
Product r))
= (
Product p) by
A11,
A14,
NAT_3: 19;
hence thesis by
A9,
A12,
A19,
A21;
end;
Lm10: for p be
bag of
SetPrimes , x be
Prime st p is
prime-factorization-like & x
in (
support p) & (p
. x)
<> x holds ex p1,r1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st p1 is
prime-factorization-like & (
support r1)
=
{x} & (
Product r1)
= x & (
support p1)
= (
support p) & (p1
| ((
support p1)
\
{x}))
= (p
| ((
support p1)
\
{x})) & (p
. x)
= ((p1
. x)
* x) & (
Product p)
= ((
Product p1)
* x)
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes , x be
Prime;
assume that
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: x
in (
support p) and
A3: (p
. x)
<> x;
consider nx be
Nat such that
A4:
0
< nx and
A5: (p
. x)
= (x
|^ nx) by
A1,
A2;
consider mx be
Nat such that
A6: nx
= (mx
+ 1) by
A4,
NAT_1: 6;
A7: mx
<>
0 by
A3,
A5,
A6;
A8: (
dom (
SetPrimes
-->
0 ))
=
SetPrimes by
FUNCOP_1: 13;
then
A9: x
in (
dom (
SetPrimes
-->
0 )) by
NEWTON:def 6;
set r10 = ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (x,x));
x is
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
then
A10: ex r1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st r1
= r10 & (
support r1)
=
{x} & (
Product r1)
= x by
Lm8;
A11:
{x}
c= (
support p) by
A2,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then
consider q,r be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A12: (
support q)
= ((
support p)
\
{x}) and
A13: (
support r)
=
{x} and
A14: (
support q)
misses (
support r) and
A15: (q
| (
support q))
= (p
| (
support q)) and
A16: (r
| (
support r))
= (p
| (
support r)) and
A17: (q
+ r)
= p by
Lm3;
A18: x
in (
support r) by
A13,
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A19: (r
. x)
= ((r
| (
support r))
. x) by
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (p
. x) by
A16,
A18,
FUNCT_1: 49;
then
A20: ((r
. x)
/ x)
= (((x
|^ mx)
* x)
/ x) by
A5,
A6,
NEWTON: 6
.= (x
|^ mx) by
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then
reconsider rxx = ((r
. x)
/ x) as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
set r20 = ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (x,rxx));
rxx
<>
0
proof
assume
A21: rxx
=
0 ;
(r
. x)
= (rxx
* x) by
XCMPLX_1: 87
.=
0 by
A21;
hence contradiction by
A5,
A19;
end;
then
consider r2 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A22: r2
= r20 and
A23: (
support r2)
=
{x} and
A24: (
Product r2)
= rxx by
Lm8;
set p1 = (q
+ r2);
A25: r
= ((
SetPrimes
-->
0 )
+* (x,(r
. x))) by
A13,
Th1;
A26:
now
let z be
set;
A27: (p1
. z)
= ((q
. z)
+ (r2
. z)) by
PRE_POLY:def 5;
assume
A28: z
in ((
support p1)
\
{x});
then not z
in
{x} by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A29: (r2
. z)
=
0 by
A23,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
z
in (
support p1) by
A28,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then z
in ((
support q)
\/ (
support r2)) by
PRE_POLY: 38;
then
A30: z
in (
support q) or z
in (
support r2) by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then (q
. z)
= ((q
| (
support q))
. z) by
A23,
A28,
FUNCT_1: 49,
XBOOLE_0:def 5
.= (p
. z) by
A15,
A23,
A28,
A30,
FUNCT_1: 49,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence (p1
. z)
= (p
. z) by
A27,
A29;
end;
(
dom p1)
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.= (
dom p) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A31: (p1
| ((
support p1)
\
{x}))
= (p
| ((
support p1)
\
{x})) by
A26,
FUNCT_1: 96;
A32: ((
support q)
/\ (
support r))
=
{} by
A14,
XBOOLE_0:def 7;
now
let z be
Prime;
A33: (p1
. z)
= ((q
. z)
+ (r2
. z)) by
PRE_POLY:def 5;
assume z
in (
support p1);
then
A34: z
in ((
support q)
\/ (
support r2)) by
PRE_POLY: 38;
per cases by
A34,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
suppose
A35: z
in (
support q);
then not z
in
{x} by
A12,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A36: (r2
. z)
=
0 by
A23,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
A37: (
support q)
c= (
support p) by
A12,
XBOOLE_1: 36;
(q
. z)
= ((q
| (
support q))
. z) by
A35,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (p
. z) by
A15,
A35,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence ex n be
Nat st
0
< n & (p1
. z)
= (z
|^ n) by
A1,
A33,
A35,
A37,
A36;
end;
suppose
A38: z
in (
support r2);
take mx;
thus
0
< mx by
A7;
A39: z
= x by
A23,
A38,
TARSKI:def 1;
A40: not z
in (
support q) by
A13,
A32,
A23,
A38,
XBOOLE_0:def 4;
(p1
. z)
= ((q
. z)
+ (r2
. z)) by
PRE_POLY:def 5
.= (
0
+ (r2
. z)) by
A40,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= (z
|^ mx) by
A20,
A22,
A8,
A38,
A39,
FUNCT_7: 31;
hence (p1
. z)
= (z
|^ mx);
end;
end;
then
A41: p1 is
prime-factorization-like;
x
in
{x} by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A42: not x
in (
support q) by
A12,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(p1
. x)
= ((q
. x)
+ (r2
. x)) by
PRE_POLY:def 5
.= (
0
+ (r2
. x)) by
A42,
PRE_POLY:def 7
.= rxx by
A22,
A9,
FUNCT_7: 31;
then
A43: (p
. x)
= ((p1
. x)
* x) by
A19,
XCMPLX_1: 87;
(r
. x)
= (rxx
* x) by
XCMPLX_1: 87;
then ex rr1 be
bag of
SetPrimes st rr1
= r & (
support rr1)
=
{x} & (
Product rr1)
= (rxx
* x) by
A5,
A19,
A25,
Lm8;
then
A44: (
Product p)
= ((
Product q)
* ((
Product r2)
* x)) by
A14,
A17,
A24,
NAT_3: 19
.= (((
Product q)
* (
Product r2))
* x)
.= ((
Product p1)
* x) by
A13,
A14,
A23,
NAT_3: 19;
(
support p1)
= (((
support p)
\
{x})
\/
{x}) by
A12,
A23,
PRE_POLY: 38
.= ((
support p)
\/
{x}) by
XBOOLE_1: 39
.= (
support p) by
A11,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
hence thesis by
A10,
A43,
A44,
A41,
A31;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:13
Th13: for p be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like holds (
Product p)
<>
0
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like;
A2: (
rng (
canFS (
support p)))
= (
support p) by
FUNCT_2:def 3;
consider f be
FinSequence of
COMPLEX such that
A3: (
Product p)
= (
Product f) and
A4: f
= (p
* (
canFS (
support p))) by
NAT_3:def 5;
reconsider f as
complex-valued
FinSequence;
assume (
Product p)
=
0 ;
then
consider k be
Nat such that
A5: k
in (
dom f) and
A6: (f
. k)
=
0 by
A3,
RVSUM_1: 103;
k
in (
dom (
canFS (
support p))) by
A4,
A5,
FUNCT_1: 11;
then
A7: ((
canFS (
support p))
. k)
in (
support p) by
A2,
FUNCT_1: 3;
then
reconsider q = ((
canFS (
support p))
. k) as
Prime by
NEWTON:def 6;
ex n be
Nat st
0
< n & (p
. q)
= (q
|^ n) by
A1,
A7;
hence contradiction by
A4,
A5,
A6,
FUNCT_1: 12;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:14
Th14: for p be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like holds (
Product p)
= 1 iff (
support p)
=
{}
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like;
A2:
now
assume
A3: (
Product p)
= 1;
thus (
support p)
=
{}
proof
assume (
support p)
<>
{} ;
then
consider q be
object such that
A4: q
in (
support p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
q
in
SetPrimes by
A4;
then
reconsider q as
Element of
NAT ;
reconsider q as
Prime by
A4,
NEWTON:def 6;
q
= 1 by
A1,
A3,
A4,
Lm4,
WSIERP_1: 15;
hence contradiction by
INT_2:def 4;
end;
end;
now
consider f be
FinSequence of
COMPLEX such that
A5: (
Product p)
= (
Product f) and
A6: f
= (p
* (
canFS (
support p))) by
NAT_3:def 5;
assume (
support p)
=
{} ;
hence (
Product p)
= 1 by
A5,
A6,
RVSUM_1: 94;
end;
hence thesis by
A2;
end;
Lm11: for n be
Element of
NAT , p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like & q is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product p)
<= (2
|^ n) & (
Product p)
= (
Product q) holds p
= q
proof
defpred
P[
Nat] means for p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like & q is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product p)
<= (2
|^ $1) & (
Product p)
= (
Product q) holds p
= q;
A1:
now
let k be
Nat;
assume
A2:
P[k];
now
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A3: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A4: q is
prime-factorization-like and
A5: (
Product p)
<= (2
|^ (k
+ 1)) and
A6: (
Product p)
= (
Product q);
now
per cases ;
suppose
A7: (
support p)
=
{} ;
then (
Product p)
= 1 by
A3,
Th14;
then (
support q)
=
{} by
A4,
A6,
Th14;
hence p
= q by
A7,
Th4;
end;
suppose (
support p)
<>
{} ;
then
consider x be
object such that
A8: x
in (
support p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider x as
Prime by
A8,
NEWTON:def 6;
A9: x
divides (
Product p) by
A3,
A8,
Lm4;
then
A10: x
in (
support q) by
A4,
A6,
Lm7;
per cases ;
suppose (p
. x)
<> x;
then
consider p1,r1 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A11: p1 is
prime-factorization-like and (
support r1)
=
{x} and (
Product r1)
= x and
A12: (
support p1)
= (
support p) and
A13: (p1
| ((
support p1)
\
{x}))
= (p
| ((
support p1)
\
{x})) and
A14: (p
. x)
= ((p1
. x)
* x) and
A15: (
Product p)
= ((
Product p1)
* x) by
A3,
A8,
Lm10;
per cases ;
suppose
A16: (q
. x)
<> x;
1
< x by
INT_2:def 4;
then (1
+ 1)
<= x by
NAT_1: 13;
then
A17: ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XREAL_1: 118;
consider q1,r2 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A18: q1 is
prime-factorization-like and (
support r2)
=
{x} and (
Product r2)
= x and
A19: (
support q1)
= (
support q) and
A20: (q1
| ((
support q1)
\
{x}))
= (q
| ((
support q1)
\
{x})) and
A21: (q
. x)
= ((q1
. x)
* x) and
A22: (
Product q)
= ((
Product q1)
* x) by
A4,
A6,
A9,
A16,
Lm7,
Lm10;
(((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x) by
A5,
A15,
XREAL_1: 72;
then (((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
A17,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then (
Product p1)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* (2
|^ 1))
/ 2) by
NEWTON: 8;
then
A23: (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* 2)
/ 2);
then
A24: p1
= q1 by
A2,
A6,
A11,
A15,
A18,
A22,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
A25:
now
let z be
set;
assume
A26: z
in (
support p);
per cases ;
suppose not z
in
{x};
then
A27: z
in ((
support p1)
\
{x}) by
A12,
A26,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence (p
. z)
= ((p
| ((
support p1)
\
{x}))
. z) by
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (q
. z) by
A13,
A20,
A24,
A27,
FUNCT_1: 49;
end;
suppose
A28: z
in
{x};
hence (p
. z)
= ((p1
. x)
* x) by
A14,
TARSKI:def 1
.= ((q1
. x)
* x) by
A2,
A6,
A11,
A15,
A18,
A22,
A23,
XCMPLX_1: 5
.= (q
. z) by
A21,
A28,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
A29: (
dom p)
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.= (
dom q) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
(
support p)
= (
support q) by
A2,
A6,
A11,
A12,
A15,
A18,
A19,
A22,
A23,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
then (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support q)) by
A29,
A25,
FUNCT_1: 96;
hence p
= q by
Th3;
end;
suppose
A30: (q
. x)
= x;
1
< x by
INT_2:def 4;
then (1
+ 1)
<= x by
NAT_1: 13;
then
A31: ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XREAL_1: 118;
(((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x) by
A5,
A15,
XREAL_1: 72;
then (((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
A31,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then (
Product p1)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* (2
|^ 1))
/ 2) by
NEWTON: 8;
then
A32: (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* 2)
/ 2);
ex q1,r2 be
bag of
SetPrimes st q1 is
prime-factorization-like & (
support r2)
=
{x} & (
Product r2)
= x & (
support q1)
= ((
support q)
\
{x}) & (q1
| (
support q1))
= (q
| (
support q1)) & (
Product q)
= ((
Product q1)
* x) by
A4,
A6,
A9,
A30,
Lm7,
Lm9;
then (
support p)
= ((
support q)
\
{x}) by
A2,
A6,
A11,
A12,
A15,
A32,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
then not x
in
{x} by
A8,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence p
= q by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
suppose
A33: (p
. x)
= x;
then
consider p1,r1 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A34: p1 is
prime-factorization-like and (
support r1)
=
{x} and (
Product r1)
= x and
A35: (
support p1)
= ((
support p)
\
{x}) and
A36: (p1
| (
support p1))
= (p
| (
support p1)) and
A37: (
Product p)
= ((
Product p1)
* x) by
A3,
A8,
Lm9;
per cases ;
suppose
A38: (q
. x)
<> x;
1
< x by
INT_2:def 4;
then (1
+ 1)
<= x by
NAT_1: 13;
then
A39: ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XREAL_1: 118;
(((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x) by
A5,
A37,
XREAL_1: 72;
then (((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
A39,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then (
Product p1)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* (2
|^ 1))
/ 2) by
NEWTON: 8;
then
A40: (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* 2)
/ 2);
ex q1,r2 be
bag of
SetPrimes st q1 is
prime-factorization-like & (
support r2)
=
{x} & (
Product r2)
= x & (
support q1)
= (
support q) & (q1
| ((
support q1)
\
{x}))
= (q
| ((
support q1)
\
{x})) & (q
. x)
= ((q1
. x)
* x) & (
Product q)
= ((
Product q1)
* x) by
A4,
A6,
A9,
A38,
Lm7,
Lm10;
then ((
support p)
\
{x})
= (
support q) by
A2,
A6,
A34,
A35,
A37,
A40,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
then not x
in
{x} by
A10,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence p
= q by
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
suppose
A41: (q
. x)
= x;
1
< x by
INT_2:def 4;
then (1
+ 1)
<= x by
NAT_1: 13;
then
A42: ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XREAL_1: 118;
consider q1,r2 be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A43: q1 is
prime-factorization-like and (
support r2)
=
{x} and (
Product r2)
= x and
A44: (
support q1)
= ((
support q)
\
{x}) and
A45: (q1
| (
support q1))
= (q
| (
support q1)) and
A46: (
Product q)
= ((
Product q1)
* x) by
A4,
A6,
A9,
A41,
Lm7,
Lm9;
(((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ x) by
A5,
A37,
XREAL_1: 72;
then (((
Product p1)
* x)
/ x)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
A42,
XXREAL_0: 2;
then (
Product p1)
<= ((2
|^ (k
+ 1))
/ 2) by
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* (2
|^ 1))
/ 2) by
NEWTON: 8;
then
A47: (
Product p1)
<= (((2
|^ k)
* 2)
/ 2);
then ((
support p)
\
{x})
= ((
support q)
\
{x}) by
A2,
A6,
A34,
A35,
A37,
A43,
A44,
A46,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
then ((
support p)
\/
{x})
= (((
support q)
\
{x})
\/
{x}) by
XBOOLE_1: 39;
then
A48: ((
support p)
\/
{x})
= ((
support q)
\/
{x}) by
XBOOLE_1: 39;
A49: p1
= q1 by
A2,
A6,
A34,
A37,
A43,
A46,
A47,
XCMPLX_1: 5;
A50:
now
let z be
set;
assume
A51: z
in (
support p);
per cases ;
suppose not z
in
{x};
then
A52: z
in (
support p1) by
A35,
A51,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence (p
. z)
= ((p1
| (
support p1))
. z) by
A36,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (q
. z) by
A45,
A49,
A52,
FUNCT_1: 49;
end;
suppose
A53: z
in
{x};
hence (p
. z)
= x by
A33,
TARSKI:def 1
.= (q
. z) by
A41,
A53,
TARSKI:def 1;
end;
end;
A54:
{x}
c= (
support q) by
A10,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
{x}
c= (
support p) by
A8,
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then
A55: (
support p)
= ((
support q)
\/
{x}) by
A48,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
(
dom p)
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.= (
dom q) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then (p
| (
support p))
= (q
| (
support p)) by
A50,
FUNCT_1: 96
.= (q
| (
support q)) by
A54,
A55,
XBOOLE_1: 12;
hence p
= q by
Th3;
end;
end;
end;
end;
hence p
= q;
end;
hence
P[(k
+ 1)];
end;
A56:
P[
0 ]
proof
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A57: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A58: q is
prime-factorization-like and
A59: (
Product p)
<= (2
|^
0 ) and
A60: (
Product p)
= (
Product q);
(
Product p)
<>
0 by
A57,
Th13;
then
A61: (
0
+ 1)
<= (
Product p) by
NAT_1: 13;
(
Product p)
<= 1 by
A59,
NEWTON: 4;
then
A62: (
Product p)
= 1 by
A61,
XXREAL_0: 1;
then
A63: (
support p)
=
{} by
A57,
Th14;
(
support q)
=
{} by
A58,
A60,
A62,
Th14;
hence thesis by
A63,
Th4;
end;
for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A56,
A1);
hence thesis;
end;
::$Notion-Name
theorem ::
INT_7:15
Th15: for p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes st p is
prime-factorization-like & q is
prime-factorization-like & (
Product p)
= (
Product q) holds p
= q
proof
let p,q be
bag of
SetPrimes ;
assume that
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: q is
prime-factorization-like and
A3: (
Product p)
= (
Product q);
reconsider n = (
Product p) as
Element of
NAT ;
n
<= (2
|^ n) by
NEWTON: 86;
hence thesis by
A1,
A2,
A3,
Lm11;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:16
for p be
bag of
SetPrimes , n be non
zero
Nat st p is
prime-factorization-like & n
= (
Product p) holds (
ppf n)
= p
proof
let p be
bag of
SetPrimes , n be non
zero
Nat;
assume that
A1: p is
prime-factorization-like and
A2: n
= (
Product p);
(
Product (
ppf n))
= (
Product p) by
A2,
NAT_3: 61;
hence thesis by
A1,
Th15;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:17
Th17: for n,m be
Element of
NAT st 1
<= n & 1
<= m holds ex m0,n0 be
Element of
NAT st (n
lcm m)
= (n0
* m0) & (n0
gcd m0)
= 1 & n0
divides n & m0
divides m & n0
<>
0 & m0
<>
0
proof
let n1,m1 be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A1: 1
<= n1 and
A2: 1
<= m1;
reconsider n = n1, m = m1 as non
zero
Nat by
A1,
A2;
set nm1 = (n1
lcm m1);
reconsider nm = nm1 as non
zero
Nat by
A1,
A2,
INT_2: 4;
set N1 = { p where p be
Element of
NAT : p
in (
support (
ppf n)) & ((
pfexp nm)
. p)
= ((
pfexp n)
. p) };
set N2 = ((
support (
ppf nm))
\ N1);
A3: N1
c= (
support (
ppf n))
proof
let x be
object;
assume x
in N1;
then ex p be
Element of
NAT st x
= p & p
in (
support (
ppf n)) & ((
pfexp nm)
. p)
= ((
pfexp n)
. p);
hence thesis;
end;
A4: for x be
set st x
in N2 holds ((
pfexp nm)
. x)
= ((
pfexp m)
. x)
proof
let x be
set;
A5: ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x) implies ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
= ((
pfexp n)
. x) by
NAT_3:def 4;
assume x
in N2;
then
A6: not x
in N1 by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
A7: (
support (
ppf n))
= (
support (
pfexp n)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
A8: not ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x)
proof
assume
A9: ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x);
then
A10: ((
pfexp nm)
. x)
= ((
pfexp n)
. x) by
A5,
NAT_3: 54;
A11: x
in (
support (
pfexp n)) by
A9,
PRE_POLY:def 7;
then x
in
SetPrimes ;
hence contradiction by
A6,
A7,
A10,
A11;
end;
((
pfexp n)
. x)
<= ((
pfexp m)
. x) implies ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
= ((
pfexp m)
. x) by
NAT_3:def 4;
hence thesis by
A8,
NAT_3: 54;
end;
A12: (
Product (
ppf m))
= m by
NAT_3: 61;
A13: (
support (
ppf nm))
= ((
support (
ppf n))
\/ (
support (
ppf m))) by
Th9;
then
A14: (
support (
ppf n))
c= (
support (
ppf nm)) by
XBOOLE_1: 7;
then
consider ppm,ppn be
bag of
SetPrimes such that
A15: (
support ppm)
= ((
support (
ppf nm))
\ N1) and
A16: (
support ppn)
= N1 and
A17: (
support ppm)
misses (
support ppn) and
A18: (ppm
| (
support ppm))
= ((
ppf nm)
| (
support ppm)) and
A19: (ppn
| (
support ppn))
= ((
ppf nm)
| (
support ppn)) and
A20: (ppm
+ ppn)
= (
ppf nm) by
A3,
Lm3,
XBOOLE_1: 1;
reconsider n0 = (
Product ppn), m0 = (
Product ppm) as
Element of
NAT ;
A21: (
Product (
ppf n))
= n by
NAT_3: 61;
A22: N2
c= (
support (
ppf m))
proof
let x be
object;
A23: ((
pfexp n)
. x)
<= ((
pfexp m)
. x) implies ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
= ((
pfexp m)
. x) by
NAT_3:def 4;
A24: ((
pfexp n)
. x)
> ((
pfexp m)
. x) implies ((
max ((
pfexp n),(
pfexp m)))
. x)
= ((
pfexp n)
. x) by
NAT_3:def 4;
assume
A25: x
in N2;
then
A26: x
in
SetPrimes ;
A27: x
in (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A25,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then x
in (
support (
pfexp nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
then
A28: ((
pfexp nm)
. x)
= ((
pfexp m)
. x) implies ((
pfexp m)
. x)
<>
0 by
PRE_POLY:def 7;
not x
in N1 by
A25,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A29: not x
in (
support (
ppf n)) or ((
pfexp nm)
. x)
<> ((
pfexp n)
. x) by
A26;
(
support (
ppf m))
= (
support (
pfexp m)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
hence thesis by
A13,
A27,
A29,
A23,
A24,
A28,
NAT_3: 54,
PRE_POLY:def 7,
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
(N1
\/ N2)
= (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A14,
A3,
XBOOLE_1: 1,
XBOOLE_1: 45;
then
A30: N2
c= (
support (
ppf nm)) by
XBOOLE_1: 7;
A31:
now
let x2 be
set;
assume
A32: x2
in N2;
then
reconsider x = x2 as
Prime by
NEWTON:def 6;
x2
in (
support (
ppf m)) by
A22,
A32;
then
A33: x2
in (
support (
pfexp m)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
x2
in (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A30,
A32;
then x2
in (
support (
pfexp nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
hence ((
ppf nm)
. x2)
= (x
|^ (x
|-count nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9
.= (x
|^ ((
pfexp nm)
. x)) by
NAT_3:def 8
.= (x
|^ ((
pfexp m)
. x)) by
A4,
A32
.= (x
|^ (x
|-count m)) by
NAT_3:def 8
.= ((
ppf m)
. x2) by
A33,
NAT_3:def 9;
end;
(
dom (
ppf nm))
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.= (
dom (
ppf m)) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then (ppm
| N2)
= ((
ppf m)
| N2) by
A15,
A18,
A31,
FUNCT_1: 96;
then
A34: m0
divides m by
A22,
A12,
A15,
Th7;
A35: (n0
* m0)
= (
Product (
ppf nm)) by
A17,
A20,
NAT_3: 19
.= nm by
NAT_3: 61;
then
A36: m0
<>
0 ;
now
let x be
Prime;
assume
A37: x
in (
support ppm);
then x
in (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A15,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A38: x
in (
support (
pfexp nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
then
A39: ((
ppf nm)
. x)
= (x
|^ (x
|-count nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
((
pfexp nm)
. x)
<>
0 by
A38,
NAT_3: 36,
NAT_3: 38;
then
A40:
0
< (x
|-count nm) by
NAT_3:def 8;
(ppm
. x)
= ((ppm
| (
support ppm))
. x) by
A37,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= ((
ppf nm)
. x) by
A18,
A37,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence ex m be
Nat st
0
< m & (ppm
. x)
= (x
|^ m) by
A39,
A40;
end;
then
A41: ppm is
prime-factorization-like;
A42: N1
c= (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A14,
A3;
now
let x be
Prime;
assume
A43: x
in (
support ppn);
then x
in (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A42,
A16;
then
A44: x
in (
support (
pfexp nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
then
A45: ((
ppf nm)
. x)
= (x
|^ (x
|-count nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
((
pfexp nm)
. x)
<>
0 by
A44,
NAT_3: 36,
NAT_3: 38;
then
A46:
0
< (x
|-count nm) by
NAT_3:def 8;
(ppn
. x)
= ((ppn
| (
support ppn))
. x) by
A43,
FUNCT_1: 49
.= ((
ppf nm)
. x) by
A19,
A43,
FUNCT_1: 49;
hence ex n be
Nat st
0
< n & (ppn
. x)
= (x
|^ n) by
A45,
A46;
end;
then ppn is
prime-factorization-like;
then (n0,m0)
are_coprime by
A17,
A41,
Th12;
then
A47: (n0
gcd m0)
= 1 by
INT_2:def 3;
A48: for x be
set st x
in N1 holds ((
pfexp nm)
. x)
= ((
pfexp n)
. x)
proof
let x be
set;
assume x
in N1;
then ex p be
Element of
NAT st x
= p & p
in (
support (
ppf n)) & ((
pfexp nm)
. p)
= ((
pfexp n)
. p);
hence thesis;
end;
A49:
now
let x1 be
set;
assume
A50: x1
in N1;
then
A51: x1
in (
support (
ppf nm)) by
A42;
then
reconsider x = x1 as
Prime by
NEWTON:def 6;
x1
in (
support (
ppf n)) by
A3,
A50;
then
A52: x1
in (
support (
pfexp n)) by
NAT_3:def 9;
x1
in (
support (
pfexp nm)) by
A51,
NAT_3:def 9;
hence ((
ppf nm)
. x1)
= (x
|^ (x
|-count nm)) by
NAT_3:def 9
.= (x
|^ ((
pfexp nm)
. x)) by
NAT_3:def 8
.= (x
|^ ((
pfexp n)
. x)) by
A48,
A50
.= (x
|^ (x
|-count n)) by
NAT_3:def 8
.= ((
ppf n)
. x1) by
A52,
NAT_3:def 9;
end;
(
dom (
ppf nm))
=
SetPrimes by
PARTFUN1:def 2
.= (
dom (
ppf n)) by
PARTFUN1:def 2;
then
A53: (ppn
| N1)
= ((
ppf n)
| N1) by
A16,
A19,
A49,
FUNCT_1: 96;
n0
<>
0 by
A35;
hence thesis by
A3,
A21,
A16,
A53,
A35,
A34,
A36,
A47,
Th7;
end;
begin
definition
let n be
Nat;
assume
A1: 1
< n;
::
INT_7:def2
func
Segm0 (n) -> non
empty
finite
Subset of
NAT equals
:
Def2: ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 });
correctness
proof
A2: not 1
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
1
in (
Segm n) by
A1,
NAT_1: 44;
hence thesis by
A2,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
end
theorem ::
INT_7:18
Th18: for n be
Nat st 1
< n holds (
card (
Segm0 n))
= (n
- 1)
proof
let n be
Nat;
A1: (
card (
Segm n))
= n;
assume
A2: 1
< n;
then
A3:
0
in (
Segm n) by
NAT_1: 44;
A4: (
card
{
0 })
= 1 by
CARD_1: 30;
(
Segm0 n)
= ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
hence thesis by
A1,
A3,
A4,
EULER_1: 4;
end;
definition
let n be
Prime;
::
INT_7:def3
func
multint0 (n) ->
BinOp of (
Segm0 n) equals ((
multint n)
|| (
Segm0 n));
coherence
proof
A1: 1
< n by
INT_2:def 4;
then (
Segm0 n)
= ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 }) by
Def2;
then
reconsider S = (
Segm0 n) as
Subset of (
Segm n) by
XBOOLE_1: 36;
(
multint n) is S
-subsetpreserving
proof
let x be
set;
A2:
0
in (
Segm n) by
NAT_1: 44;
assume x
in
[:S, S:];
then
consider a,b be
object such that
A3: a
in (
Segm0 n) and
A4: b
in (
Segm0 n) and
A5: x
=
[a, b] by
ZFMISC_1:def 2;
A6: b
in ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 }) by
A1,
A4,
Def2;
then
reconsider b1 = b as
Element of (
INT.Ring n) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
not b
in
{
0 } by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then b
<>
0 by
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A7: b
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring n)) by
A2,
SUBSET_1:def 8;
A8: a
in ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 }) by
A1,
A3,
Def2;
then
reconsider a1 = a as
Element of (
INT.Ring n) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
set y = ((
multint n)
. (a,b));
A9: y
= (a1
* b1);
not a
in
{
0 } by
A8,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then a
<>
0 by
TARSKI:def 1;
then a
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring n)) by
A2,
SUBSET_1:def 8;
then y
<> (
In (
0 ,(
Segm n))) by
A9,
A7,
VECTSP_1: 12;
then y
<>
0 by
A9;
then not y
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
then y
in ((
Segm n)
\
{
0 }) by
A9,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
hence ((
multint n)
. x)
in S by
A1,
A5,
Def2;
end;
hence thesis by
REALSET1: 6;
end;
end
Lm12: for p be
Prime, a,b be
Element of
multMagma (# (
Segm0 p), (
multint0 p) #), x,y be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st a
= x & y
= b holds (x
* y)
= (a
* b)
proof
let p be
Prime, a,b be
Element of
multMagma (# (
Segm0 p), (
multint0 p) #), x,y be
Element of (
INT.Ring p);
assume that
A1: a
= x and
A2: y
= b;
thus (a
* b)
= ((
multint p)
.
[a, b]) by
FUNCT_1: 49
.= (x
* y) by
A1,
A2;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:19
Th19: for p be
Prime holds
multMagma (# (
Segm0 p), (
multint0 p) #) is
associative
commutative
Group-like
proof
let p be
Prime;
set Zp =
multMagma (# (
Segm0 p), (
multint0 p) #);
A1: not 1
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
A2: 1
< p by
INT_2:def 4;
then 1
in (
Segm p) by
NAT_1: 44;
then 1
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then 1
in (
Segm0 p) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider e = (
1. (
INT.Ring p)) as
Element of Zp by
A2,
INT_3: 14;
A3: Zp is
associative
proof
let x,y,z be
Element of Zp;
x
in (
Segm0 p);
then x
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider x1 = x as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
y
in (
Segm0 p);
then y
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider y1 = y as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
z
in (
Segm0 p);
then z
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider z1 = z as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
A4: (y
* z)
= (y1
* z1) by
Lm12;
(x
* y)
= (x1
* y1) by
Lm12;
then ((x
* y)
* z)
= ((x1
* y1)
* z1) by
Lm12
.= (x1
* (y1
* z1)) by
GROUP_1:def 3
.= (x
* (y
* z)) by
A4,
Lm12;
hence thesis;
end;
A5:
now
let h be
Element of Zp;
h
in (
Segm0 p);
then
A6: h
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider hp = h as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
thus (h
* e)
= (hp
* (
1_ (
INT.Ring p))) by
Lm12
.= h;
thus (e
* h)
= ((
1_ (
INT.Ring p))
* hp) by
Lm12
.= h;
not h
in
{
0 } by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
A7: hp
<>
0 by
TARSKI:def 1;
0
in (
Segm p) by
NAT_1: 44;
then hp
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring p)) by
A7,
SUBSET_1:def 8;
then
consider hpd be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) such that
A8: (hpd
* hp)
= (
1. (
INT.Ring p)) by
VECTSP_1:def 9;
hpd
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring p)) by
A8;
then hpd
<>
0 ;
then not hpd
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
then hpd
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
reconsider g = hpd as
Element of Zp by
A2,
Def2;
A9: (g
* h)
= e by
A8,
Lm12;
(h
* g)
= e by
A8,
Lm12;
hence ex g be
Element of Zp st (h
* g)
= e & (g
* h)
= e by
A9;
end;
Zp is
commutative
proof
let x,y be
Element of Zp;
x
in (
Segm0 p);
then x
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider x1 = x as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
y
in (
Segm0 p);
then y
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider y1 = y as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(x
* y)
= (x1
* y1) by
Lm12
.= (y
* x) by
Lm12;
hence thesis;
end;
hence thesis by
A5,
A3;
end;
definition
let p be
Prime;
::
INT_7:def4
func
Z/Z* (p) ->
commutative
Group equals
multMagma (# (
Segm0 p), (
multint0 p) #);
correctness by
Th19;
end
theorem ::
INT_7:20
for p be
Prime, x,y be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), x1,y1 be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st x
= x1 & y
= y1 holds (x
* y)
= (x1
* y1) by
Lm12;
theorem ::
INT_7:21
Th21: for p be
Prime holds (
1_ (
Z/Z* p))
= 1 & (
1_ (
Z/Z* p))
= (
1. (
INT.Ring p))
proof
let p be
Prime;
A1: not 1
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
A2: 1
< p by
INT_2:def 4;
then 1
in (
Segm p) by
NAT_1: 44;
then 1
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A1,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then 1
in (
Segm0 p) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider e = (
1. (
INT.Ring p)) as
Element of (
Z/Z* p) by
A2,
INT_3: 14;
now
let h be
Element of (
Z/Z* p);
h
in (
Segm0 p);
then h
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A2,
Def2;
then
reconsider hp = h as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
thus (h
* e)
= (hp
* (
1_ (
INT.Ring p))) by
Lm12
.= h;
thus (e
* h)
= ((
1_ (
INT.Ring p))
* hp) by
Lm12
.= h;
end;
then e
= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
GROUP_1:def 4;
hence thesis by
A2,
INT_3: 14;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:22
for p be
Prime, x be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), x1 be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st x
= x1 holds (x
" )
= (x1
" )
proof
let p be
Prime, h be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), hp be
Element of (
INT.Ring p);
assume
A1: h
= hp;
A2:
0
in (
Segm p) by
NAT_1: 44;
set hpd = (hp
" );
A3: 1
< p by
INT_2:def 4;
h
in (
Segm0 p);
then h
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A3,
Def2;
then not h
in
{
0 } by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then hp
<>
0 by
A1,
TARSKI:def 1;
then
A4: hp
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring p)) by
A2,
SUBSET_1:def 8;
then (hp
* hpd)
= (
1. (
INT.Ring p)) by
VECTSP_1:def 10;
then hpd
<> (
0. (
INT.Ring p));
then hpd
<>
0 ;
then not hpd
in
{
0 } by
TARSKI:def 1;
then hpd
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
then
reconsider g = hpd as
Element of (
Z/Z* p) by
A3,
Def2;
(h
* g)
= (hp
* hpd) by
A1,
Lm12
.= (
1. (
INT.Ring p)) by
A4,
VECTSP_1:def 10
.= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
Th21;
hence thesis by
GROUP_1:def 5;
end;
registration
let p be
Prime;
cluster (
Z/Z* p) ->
finite;
coherence ;
end
theorem ::
INT_7:23
for p be
Prime holds (
card (
Z/Z* p))
= (p
- 1) by
INT_2:def 4,
Th18;
theorem ::
INT_7:24
for G be
Group, a be
Element of G, i be
Integer st not a is
being_of_order_0 holds ex n,k be
Element of
NAT st (a
|^ i)
= (a
|^ n) & n
= ((k
* (
ord a))
+ i)
proof
let G be
Group, a be
Element of G, i be
Integer;
assume not a is
being_of_order_0;
then (
ord a)
<>
0 by
GROUP_1:def 11;
then
A1:
|.i.|
<= (
|.i.|
* (
ord a)) by
NAT_1: 14,
XREAL_1: 151;
0
<= ((
|.i.|
* (
ord a))
+ i)
proof
per cases ;
suppose
A2: i
<
0 ;
A3: (
|.i.|
+ i)
<= ((
|.i.|
* (
ord a))
+ i) by
A1,
XREAL_1: 6;
|.i.|
= (
- i) by
A2,
ABSVALUE:def 1;
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
suppose
0
<= i;
hence thesis;
end;
end;
then
A4: ((
|.i.|
* (
ord a))
+ i) is
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
(a
|^ ((
|.i.|
* (
ord a))
+ i))
= ((a
|^ (
|.i.|
* (
ord a)))
* (a
|^ i)) by
GROUP_1: 33
.= (((a
|^ (
ord a))
|^
|.i.|)
* (a
|^ i)) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= (((
1_ G)
|^
|.i.|)
* (a
|^ i)) by
GROUP_1: 41
.= ((
1_ G)
* (a
|^ i)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= (a
|^ i) by
GROUP_1:def 4;
hence thesis by
A4;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:25
Th25: for G be
commutative
Group, a,b be
Element of G, n,m be
Nat st G is
finite & (
ord a)
= n & (
ord b)
= m & (n
gcd m)
= 1 holds (
ord (a
* b))
= (n
* m)
proof
let G be
commutative
Group, a,b be
Element of G, n,m be
Nat;
assume that
A1: G is
finite and
A2: (
ord a)
= n and
A3: (
ord b)
= m and
A4: (n
gcd m)
= 1;
not b is
being_of_order_0 by
A1,
GR_CY_1: 6;
then
A5: m
<>
0 by
A3,
GROUP_1:def 11;
A6: not (a
* b) is
being_of_order_0 by
A1,
GR_CY_1: 6;
A7: ((a
* b)
|^ (n
* m))
= ((a
|^ (n
* m))
* (b
|^ (n
* m))) by
GROUP_1: 48
.= (((a
|^ n)
|^ m)
* (b
|^ (n
* m))) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= (((a
|^ n)
|^ m)
* ((b
|^ m)
|^ n)) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= (((
1_ G)
|^ m)
* ((b
|^ m)
|^ n)) by
A2,
GROUP_1: 41
.= (((
1_ G)
|^ m)
* ((
1_ G)
|^ n)) by
A3,
GROUP_1: 41
.= ((
1_ G)
* ((
1_ G)
|^ n)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= ((
1_ G)
* (
1_ G)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= (
1_ G) by
GROUP_1:def 4;
A8: (m
* n) is
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
reconsider n1 = n, m1 = m as
Integer;
A9: (n1,m1)
are_coprime by
A4,
INT_2:def 3;
not a is
being_of_order_0 by
A1,
GR_CY_1: 6;
then
A10: n
<>
0 by
A2,
GROUP_1:def 11;
A11:
now
let k be
Nat;
assume that
A12: ((a
* b)
|^ k)
= (
1_ G) and
A13: k
<>
0 ;
reconsider k1 = k as
Integer;
(
1_ G)
= ((
1_ G)
|^ n) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= ((a
* b)
|^ (k
* n)) by
A12,
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((a
|^ (k
* n))
* (b
|^ (k
* n))) by
GROUP_1: 48
.= (((a
|^ n)
|^ k)
* (b
|^ (k
* n))) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= (((
1_ G)
|^ k)
* (b
|^ (k
* n))) by
A2,
GROUP_1: 41
.= ((
1_ G)
* (b
|^ (k
* n))) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= (b
|^ (k
* n)) by
GROUP_1:def 4;
then m1
divides k1 by
A3,
A9,
GROUP_1: 44,
INT_2: 25;
then
consider i be
Integer such that
A14: k1
= (m1
* i) by
INT_1:def 3;
(
1_ G)
= ((
1_ G)
|^ m) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= ((a
* b)
|^ (k
* m)) by
A12,
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((a
|^ (k
* m))
* (b
|^ (k
* m))) by
GROUP_1: 48
.= ((a
|^ (k
* m))
* ((b
|^ m)
|^ k)) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((a
|^ (k
* m))
* ((
1_ G)
|^ k)) by
A3,
GROUP_1: 41
.= ((a
|^ (k
* m))
* (
1_ G)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= (a
|^ (k
* m)) by
GROUP_1:def 4;
then n1
divides k1 by
A2,
A9,
GROUP_1: 44,
INT_2: 25;
then n1
divides i by
A9,
A14,
INT_2: 25;
then
consider j be
Integer such that
A15: i
= (n1
* j) by
INT_1:def 3;
k1
= ((m1
* n1)
* j) by
A14,
A15;
then (k
/ (m
* n))
= j by
A10,
A5,
XCMPLX_1: 6,
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then
A16: j is
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
j
<>
0 by
A13,
A14,
A15;
then ((m
* n)
* 1)
<= ((m
* n)
* j) by
A16,
NAT_1: 14,
XREAL_1: 64;
hence (m
* n)
<= k by
A14,
A15;
end;
(n
* m)
<>
0 by
A10,
A5,
XCMPLX_1: 6;
hence thesis by
A6,
A7,
A8,
A11,
GROUP_1:def 11;
end;
Lm13: for L be
Field, n be
Element of
NAT , f be
non-zero
Polynomial of L st (
deg f)
= n holds ex m be
Element of
NAT st m
= (
card (
Roots f)) & m
<= n
proof
let L be
Field;
defpred
P[
Nat] means for f be
non-zero
Polynomial of L st (
deg f)
= $1 holds ex m be
Element of
NAT st m
= (
card (
Roots f)) & m
<= $1;
A1:
now
let k be
Nat;
assume
A2:
P[k];
now
let f be
non-zero
Polynomial of L;
A3: f
<> (
0_. L) by
UPROOTS:def 5;
assume
A4: (
deg f)
= (k
+ 1);
thus ex m be
Element of
NAT st m
= (
card (
Roots f)) & m
<= (k
+ 1)
proof
per cases ;
suppose (
Roots f)
=
{} ;
hence thesis;
end;
suppose
A5: (
Roots f)
<>
{} ;
set RF = (
Roots f);
consider z be
object such that
A6: z
in (
Roots f) by
A5,
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider z as
Element of L by
A6;
set g = (f
div (
rpoly (1,z)));
A7: z
is_a_root_of f by
A6,
POLYNOM5:def 10;
then (
rpoly (1,z))
divides f by
HURWITZ: 35;
then (
0_. L)
= (f
mod (
rpoly (1,z)));
then (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))
= ((f
- (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z))))
+ (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))) by
POLYNOM3: 28;
then (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))
= (f
+ ((
- (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z))))
+ (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z))))) by
POLYNOM3: 26;
then (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))
= (f
+ ((g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))
- (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))));
then (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z)))
= (f
+ (
0_. L)) by
POLYNOM3: 29;
then
A8: f
= (g
*' (
rpoly (1,z))) by
POLYNOM3: 28;
then g
<> (
0_. L) by
A3,
POLYNOM3: 34;
then
reconsider g as
non-zero
Polynomial of L by
UPROOTS:def 5;
set RG = (
Roots g);
(
deg g)
= ((k
+ 1)
- 1) by
A3,
A4,
A7,
HURWITZ: 36
.= k;
then ex m1 be
Element of
NAT st m1
= (
card (
Roots g)) & m1
<= k by
A2;
then
A9: ((
card RG)
+ 1)
<= (k
+ 1) by
XREAL_1: 6;
(
Roots f)
c= ((
Roots g)
\/
{z})
proof
let y be
object;
assume
A10: y
in (
Roots f);
then
reconsider y1 = y as
Element of L;
y1
is_a_root_of f by
A10,
POLYNOM5:def 10;
then (
eval (f,y1))
= (
0. L) by
POLYNOM5:def 7;
then ((
eval (g,y1))
* (
eval ((
rpoly (1,z)),y1)))
= (
0. L) by
A8,
POLYNOM4: 24;
then
A11: ((
eval (g,y1))
* (y1
- z))
= (
0. L) by
HURWITZ: 29;
now
per cases ;
suppose y1
= z;
then y
in
{z} by
TARSKI:def 1;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
suppose y1
<> z;
then (y1
- z)
<> (
0. L) by
RLVECT_1: 21;
then (
eval (g,y1))
= (
0. L) by
A11,
VECTSP_1: 12;
then y1
is_a_root_of g by
POLYNOM5:def 7;
then y1
in (
Roots g) by
POLYNOM5:def 10;
hence thesis by
XBOOLE_0:def 3;
end;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
then
A12: (
card RF)
<= (
card (RG
\/
{z})) by
NAT_1: 43;
(
card (RG
\/
{z}))
<= ((
card RG)
+ (
card
{z})) by
CARD_2: 43;
then (
card (RG
\/
{z}))
<= ((
card RG)
+ 1) by
CARD_2: 42;
then (
card RF)
<= ((
card RG)
+ 1) by
A12,
XXREAL_0: 2;
hence thesis by
A9,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
end;
end;
hence
P[(k
+ 1)];
end;
A13:
P[
0 ]
proof
let f be
non-zero
Polynomial of L;
assume
A14: (
deg f)
=
0 ;
reconsider x = (f
.
0 ) as
Element of L;
A15: f
<> (
0_. L) by
UPROOTS:def 5;
A16: (f
.
0 )
<> (
0. L)
proof
assume (f
.
0 )
= (
0. L);
then f
=
<%(
0. L)%> by
A14,
ALGSEQ_1:def 5;
hence contradiction by
A15,
POLYNOM5: 34;
end;
A17:
now
let z be
Element of L;
(
eval (
<%x%>,z))
= (
eval (
<%x, (
0. L)%>,z)) by
POLYNOM5: 43
.= x by
POLYNOM5: 45;
hence (
eval (
<%x%>,z))
<> (
0. L) by
A16;
end;
A18: f
=
<%x%> by
A14,
ALGSEQ_1:def 5;
(
Roots f)
=
{}
proof
assume (
Roots f)
<>
{} ;
then
consider z be
object such that
A19: z
in (
Roots f) by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider z as
Element of L by
A19;
z
is_a_root_of f by
A19,
POLYNOM5:def 10;
then (
eval (
<%x%>,z))
= (
0. L) by
A18,
POLYNOM5:def 7;
hence contradiction by
A17;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A13,
A1);
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:26
Th26: for L be non
empty
ZeroStr, p be
Polynomial of L st
0
<= (
deg p) holds p is
non-zero
proof
let L be non
empty
ZeroStr, p be
Polynomial of L;
assume
0
<= (
deg p);
then (
deg p)
<> (
- 1);
then p
<> (
0_. L) by
HURWITZ: 20;
hence thesis by
UPROOTS:def 5;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:27
Th27: for L be
Field, f be
Polynomial of L st
0
<= (
deg f) holds (
Roots f) is
finite
set & ex m,n be
Element of
NAT st n
= (
deg f) & m
= (
card (
Roots f)) & m
<= n
proof
let L be
Field, f be
Polynomial of L;
assume
A1:
0
<= (
deg f);
then
reconsider n = (
deg f) as
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
reconsider f as
non-zero
Polynomial of L by
A1,
Th26;
ex m be
Element of
NAT st m
= (
card (
Roots f)) & m
<= n by
Lm13;
hence thesis;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:28
Th28: for p be
Prime, z be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), y be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st z
= y holds for n be
Element of
NAT holds ((
power (
Z/Z* p))
. (z,n))
= ((
power (
INT.Ring p))
. (y,n))
proof
let p be
Prime, z be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), y be
Element of (
INT.Ring p);
defpred
P[
Nat] means ((
power (
Z/Z* p))
. (z,$1))
= ((
power (
INT.Ring p))
. (y,$1));
assume
A1: z
= y;
A2:
now
let k be
Nat;
assume
A3:
P[k];
((
power (
Z/Z* p))
. (z,(k
+ 1)))
= (((
power (
Z/Z* p))
. (z,k))
* z) by
GROUP_1:def 7
.= (((
power (
INT.Ring p))
. (y,k))
* y) by
A1,
A3,
Lm12
.= ((
power (
INT.Ring p))
. (y,(k
+ 1))) by
GROUP_1:def 7;
hence
P[(k
+ 1)];
end;
((
power (
Z/Z* p))
. (z,
0 ))
= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
GROUP_1:def 7
.= (
1_ (
INT.Ring p)) by
Th21
.= ((
power (
INT.Ring p))
. (y,
0 )) by
GROUP_1:def 7;
then
A4:
P[
0 ];
for k be
Nat holds
P[k] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A4,
A2);
hence thesis;
end;
Lm14: for p be
Prime, L be
Field, n be
Nat st
0
< n & L
= (
INT.Ring p) holds ex f be
Polynomial of L st (
deg f)
= n & for x be
Element of L, xz be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), xn be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st x
= xz & xn
= (xz
|^ n) holds (
eval (f,x))
= (xn
- (
1_ (
INT.Ring p)))
proof
let p be
Prime, L be
Field, n be
Nat;
assume that
A1:
0
< n and
A2: L
= (
INT.Ring p);
set qq = (
1_. L);
reconsider n0 = n as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
set f = ((
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0)
- (
1_. L));
set pp = (
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0);
A3:
now
let x be
Element of L, xz be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), xn be
Element of (
INT.Ring p);
assume that
A4: x
= xz and
A5: xn
= (xz
|^ n);
A6: xn
= (xz
|^ n0) by
A5
.= ((
power L)
. (x,n0)) by
A2,
A4,
Th28;
thus (
eval (f,x))
= ((
eval (pp,x))
- (
eval (qq,x))) by
POLYNOM4: 21
.= ((
eval ((
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0),x))
- (
1. L)) by
POLYNOM4: 18
.= (((
power L)
. ((
eval (
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>,x)),n0))
- (
1. L)) by
POLYNOM5: 22
.= (xn
- (
1_ (
INT.Ring p))) by
A2,
A6,
POLYNOM5: 48;
end;
A7: (
len (
1_. L))
= 1 by
POLYNOM4: 4;
(
len
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>)
= 2 by
POLYNOM5: 40;
then
A8: (
len (
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0))
= (((n
* 2)
- n)
+ 1) by
POLYNOM5: 23
.= (n
+ 1);
A9: (
0
+ 1)
< (n
+ 1) by
A1,
XREAL_1: 8;
then (
len (
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0))
<> (
len (
- (
1_. L))) by
A8,
A7,
POLYNOM4: 8;
then (
len f)
= (
max ((
len (
<%(
0. L), (
1. L)%>
`^ n0)),(
len (
- (
1_. L))))) by
POLYNOM4: 7
.= (
max ((n
+ 1),1)) by
A8,
A7,
POLYNOM4: 8
.= (n
+ 1) by
A9,
XXREAL_0:def 10;
then (
deg f)
= n;
hence thesis by
A3;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:29
Th29: for p be
Prime, a,b be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), n be
Nat st
0
< n & (
ord a)
= n & (b
|^ n)
= 1 holds b is
Element of (
gr
{a})
proof
let p be
Prime, a,b be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), n be
Nat;
assume that
A1:
0
< n and
A2: (
ord a)
= n and
A3: (b
|^ n)
= 1;
reconsider XX = the
carrier of (
gr
{a}) as
finite
set;
A4: ex D be
finite
set st D
= the
carrier of (
gr
{a}) & (
card (
gr
{a}))
= (
card D);
reconsider L = (
INT.Ring p) as
unital non
empty
doubleLoopStr;
consider f be
Polynomial of L such that
A5: (
deg f)
= n and
A6: for x be
Element of L, xz be
Element of (
Z/Z* p), xn be
Element of (
INT.Ring p) st x
= xz & xn
= (xz
|^ n) holds (
eval (f,x))
= (xn
- (
1_ (
INT.Ring p))) by
A1,
Lm14;
consider m,n0 be
Element of
NAT such that
A7: n0
= (
deg f) and
A8: m
= (
card (
Roots f)) and
A9: m
<= n0 by
A5,
Th27;
assume not b is
Element of (
gr
{a});
then (
card (the
carrier of (
gr
{a})
\/
{b}))
= ((
card XX)
+ 1) by
CARD_2: 41
.= (n0
+ 1) by
A2,
A5,
A7,
A4,
GR_CY_1: 7;
then
A10: (
card (n0
+ 1))
= (
card (the
carrier of (
gr
{a})
\/
{b}));
A11: 1
< p by
INT_2:def 4;
A12: for x be
Element of (
Z/Z* p) st (x
|^ n)
= 1 holds x
in (
Roots f)
proof
let x1 be
Element of (
Z/Z* p);
assume (x1
|^ n)
= 1;
then
A13: (x1
|^ n)
= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
Th21
.= (
1_ (
INT.Ring p)) by
Th21;
(x1
|^ n)
in (
Segm0 p);
then (x1
|^ n)
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A11,
Def2;
then
reconsider x2 = (x1
|^ n) as
Element of (
INT.Ring p) by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
x1
in (
Segm0 p);
then x1
in ((
Segm p)
\
{
0 }) by
A11,
Def2;
then
reconsider x3 = x1 as
Element of L by
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
(
eval (f,x3))
= (x2
- (
1_ (
INT.Ring p))) by
A6
.= (
0. L) by
A13,
RLVECT_1: 15;
then x3
is_a_root_of f by
POLYNOM5:def 7;
hence thesis by
POLYNOM5:def 10;
end;
A14: the
carrier of (
gr
{a})
c= (
Roots f)
proof
let x be
object;
assume
A15: x
in the
carrier of (
gr
{a});
then x
in (
gr
{a});
then x
in (
Z/Z* p) by
GROUP_2: 40;
then
reconsider x1 = x as
Element of (
Z/Z* p);
x1
in (
gr
{a}) by
A15;
then
consider j be
Integer such that
A16: x1
= (a
|^ j) by
GR_CY_1: 5;
(x1
|^ n)
= (a
|^ (j
* n)) by
A16,
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((a
|^ n)
|^ j) by
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((
1_ (
Z/Z* p))
|^ j) by
A2,
GROUP_1: 41
.= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= 1 by
Th21;
hence thesis by
A12;
end;
b
in (
Roots f) by
A3,
A12;
then
{b}
c= (
Roots f) by
ZFMISC_1: 31;
then (the
carrier of (
gr
{a})
\/
{b})
c= (
Roots f) by
A14,
XBOOLE_1: 8;
then
A17: (
card (the
carrier of (
gr
{a})
\/
{b}))
c= (
card (
Roots f)) by
CARD_1: 11;
(
card m)
= (
card (
Roots f)) by
A8;
then (
Segm (n0
+ 1))
c= (
Segm m) by
A17,
A10;
then (n0
+ 1)
<= m by
NAT_1: 39;
hence contradiction by
A9,
NAT_1: 16,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:30
Th30: for G be
Group, z be
Element of G, d,l be
Element of
NAT st G is
finite & (
ord z)
= (d
* l) holds (
ord (z
|^ d))
= l
proof
let G be
Group, z be
Element of G, d,l be
Element of
NAT ;
assume that
A1: G is
finite and
A2: (
ord z)
= (d
* l);
set m = (d
* l);
reconsider H = (
gr
{z}) as
strict
Subgroup of G;
reconsider H as
finite
strict
Subgroup of G by
A1;
z
in (
gr
{z}) by
GR_CY_2: 2;
then
reconsider z1 = z as
Element of H;
A3: (
gr
{z})
= (
gr
{z1}) by
GR_CY_2: 3;
(
card H)
= m by
A1,
A2,
GR_CY_1: 7;
then (
ord (z1
|^ d))
= l by
A3,
GR_CY_2: 8;
hence thesis by
A1,
GROUP_8: 3,
GROUP_8: 5;
end;
theorem ::
INT_7:31
for p be
Prime holds (
Z/Z* p) is
cyclic
Group
proof
let p be
Prime;
set a = the
Element of (
Z/Z* p);
set ZP = (
Z/Z* p);
defpred
P[
Nat,
Element of ZP,
Element of ZP] means (
ord $2)
< (
ord $3);
assume
A1: not (
Z/Z* p) is
cyclic
Group;
A2: for x be
Element of (
Z/Z* p) holds (
ord x)
< (
card (
Z/Z* p))
proof
let x be
Element of (
Z/Z* p);
A3: (
ord x)
<= (
card (
Z/Z* p)) by
GR_CY_1: 8,
NAT_D: 7;
(
ord x)
<> (
card (
Z/Z* p)) by
A1,
GR_CY_1: 19;
hence thesis by
A3,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
A4: for n be
Nat holds for x be
Element of ZP holds ex y be
Element of ZP st
P[n, x, y]
proof
let n be
Nat, x be
Element of ZP;
set n = (
ord x);
n
< (
card (
Z/Z* p)) by
A2;
then
A5: (
card (
gr
{x}))
<> (
card (
Z/Z* p)) by
GR_CY_1: 7;
the
carrier of (
gr
{x})
c= the
carrier of (
Z/Z* p) by
GROUP_2:def 5;
then the
carrier of (
gr
{x})
c< the
carrier of (
Z/Z* p) by
A5,
XBOOLE_0:def 8;
then (the
carrier of (
Z/Z* p)
\ the
carrier of (
gr
{x}))
<>
{} by
XBOOLE_1: 105;
then
consider z be
object such that
A6: z
in (the
carrier of (
Z/Z* p)
\ the
carrier of (
gr
{x})) by
XBOOLE_0:def 1;
reconsider z as
Element of ZP by
A6;
set m = (
ord z);
now
set l = (m
lcm n);
1
<= (
card (
gr
{x})) by
GROUP_1: 45;
then
A7: 1
<= n by
GR_CY_1: 7;
not m
divides n
proof
assume m
divides n;
then
consider j be
Integer such that
A8: n
= (m
* j) by
INT_1:def 3;
(z
|^ n)
= ((z
|^ m)
|^ j) by
A8,
GROUP_1: 35
.= ((
1_ (
Z/Z* p))
|^ j) by
GROUP_1: 41
.= (
1_ (
Z/Z* p)) by
GROUP_1: 31
.= 1 by
Th21;
then z is
Element of (
gr
{x}) by
A7,
Th29;
hence contradiction by
A6,
XBOOLE_0:def 5;
end;
then
A9: n
<> l by
INT_2: 18;
1
<= (
card (
gr
{z})) by
GROUP_1: 45;
then
A10: 1
<= m by
GR_CY_1: 7;
then
consider m0,n0 be
Element of
NAT such that
A11: l
= (n0
* m0) and
A12: (n0
gcd m0)
= 1 and
A13: n0
divides n and
A14: m0
divides m and
A15: n0
<>
0 and
A16: m0
<>
0 by
A7,
Th17;
consider j be
Integer such that
A17: n
= (n0
* j) by
A13,
INT_1:def 3;
consider u be
Integer such that
A18: m
= (m0
* u) by
A14,
INT_1:def 3;
(m
/ m0)
= u by
A16,
A18,
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then
reconsider d2 = (m
/ m0) as
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
m
= ((m
/ m0)
* m0) by
A16,
XCMPLX_1: 87;
then
A19: (
ord (z
|^ d2))
= m0 by
Th30;
(n
/ n0)
= j by
A15,
A17,
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then
reconsider d1 = (n
/ n0) as
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
n
divides (m
lcm n) by
INT_2: 18;
then
consider j be
Integer such that
A20: l
= (n
* j) by
INT_1:def 3;
take y = ((x
|^ d1)
* (z
|^ d2));
n
= ((n
/ n0)
* n0) by
A15,
XCMPLX_1: 87;
then (
ord (x
|^ d1))
= n0 by
Th30;
then
A21: (
ord y)
= (m0
* n0) by
A12,
A19,
Th25;
(l
/ n)
= j by
A7,
A20,
XCMPLX_1: 89;
then
A22: j is
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 3;
j
<>
0 by
A7,
A10,
A20,
INT_2: 4;
then (n
* 1)
<= (n
* j) by
A22,
NAT_1: 14,
XREAL_1: 64;
hence n
< (
ord y) by
A11,
A21,
A9,
A20,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
hence thesis;
end;
consider f be
sequence of the
carrier of ZP such that
A23: (f
.
0 )
= a & for n be
Nat holds
P[n, (f
. n), (f
. (n
+ 1))] from
RECDEF_1:sch 2(
A4);
deffunc
F(
Nat) = (
ord (f
. $1));
consider g be
sequence of
NAT such that
A24: for k be
Element of
NAT holds (g
. k)
=
F(k) from
FUNCT_2:sch 4;
A25: for k be
Nat holds (g
. k)
=
F(k)
proof
let k be
Nat;
k
in
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
hence thesis by
A24;
end;
A26:
now
let k be
Nat;
A27: (g
. (k
+ 1))
= (
ord (f
. (k
+ 1))) by
A25;
(g
. k)
= (
ord (f
. k)) by
A25;
hence (g
. k)
< (g
. (k
+ 1)) by
A23,
A27;
end;
A28: for k,m be
Element of
NAT holds (g
. k)
< (g
. ((k
+ 1)
+ m))
proof
let k be
Element of
NAT ;
defpred
P[
Nat] means (g
. k)
< (g
. ((k
+ 1)
+ $1));
A29:
now
let m be
Nat;
assume
A30:
P[m];
(g
. ((k
+ 1)
+ m))
< (g
. (((k
+ 1)
+ m)
+ 1)) by
A26;
hence
P[(m
+ 1)] by
A30,
XXREAL_0: 2;
end;
A31:
P[
0 ] by
A26;
for m be
Nat holds
P[m] from
NAT_1:sch 2(
A31,
A29);
hence thesis;
end;
A32: for k,m be
Element of
NAT st k
< m holds (g
. k)
< (g
. m)
proof
let k,m be
Element of
NAT ;
assume
A33: k
< m;
then (m
- k) is
Element of
NAT by
INT_1: 5;
then
reconsider mk = (m
- k) as
Nat;
(m
- k)
<>
0 by
A33;
then
consider n0 be
Nat such that
A34: mk
= (n0
+ 1) by
NAT_1: 6;
reconsider n = n0 as
Element of
NAT by
ORDINAL1:def 12;
m
= ((k
+ 1)
+ n) by
A34;
hence thesis by
A28;
end;
now
let x1,x2 be
object;
assume that
A35: x1
in
NAT and
A36: x2
in
NAT and
A37: (g
. x1)
= (g
. x2);
reconsider xx1 = x1, xx2 = x2 as
Element of
NAT by
A35,
A36;
A38: xx2
<= xx1 by
A32,
A37;
xx1
<= xx2 by
A32,
A37;
hence x2
= x1 by
A38,
XXREAL_0: 1;
end;
then g is
one-to-one by
FUNCT_2: 19;
then ((
dom g),(
rng g))
are_equipotent by
WELLORD2:def 4;
then (
card (
dom g))
= (
card (
rng g)) by
CARD_1: 5;
then
A39: (
card (
rng g))
= (
card
NAT ) by
FUNCT_2:def 1;
(
rng g)
c= (
Segm (
card ZP))
proof
let y be
object;
assume y
in (
rng g);
then
consider x be
object such that
A40: x
in
NAT and
A41: y
= (g
. x) by
FUNCT_2: 11;
reconsider x as
Element of
NAT by
A40;
reconsider gg = (g
. x) as
Element of
NAT ;
(g
. x)
= (
ord (f
. x)) by
A25;
then gg
< (
card ZP) by
A2;
hence thesis by
A41,
NAT_1: 44;
end;
hence contradiction by
A39;
end;